轉型之路有捷徑，華爲雲應用平臺助力企業擁抱雲原生

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在今天這個數字化時代，企業面對的需求和挑戰已經遠非昔日可比：互聯網的廣泛普及大大加快了社會的運行節奏，也從各個層面擡高了用戶滿意度的閾值。隨着用戶規模迅速增長、需求日益苛刻，企業需要不斷提升產品和服務的各項指標才能維持競爭優勢、收穫可觀利潤。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/27\/11\/277ae60cfa1bae265fd4e0059ff07811.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生，正是IT行業爲幫助各行業企業在數字化的世界中乘風破浪而發展出來的一整套技術體系，包含微服務、容器、編排、DevOps、開源、自動化等諸多理念。本質上講，雲原生就是數字時代的水電設施。它將企業需要的種種基礎IT能力全部遷移至雲端，使企業無需再關注底層技術的複雜性和瓶頸，從而將更多精力和資源集中在業務本身，實現靈活、智能、降低成本、提升運營效率的目的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據第三方調研機構預測，到2022年，60%的中國500強企業將投資於雲原生應用、自動化、編排和開發生命週期管理等技術；到2024年，50%的大型中國企業將在容器、開源和雲原生應用開發需求上依賴第三方服務商。越來越多的企業選擇了DevOps、微服務、容器作爲首選技術架構，進而開始全面擁抱雲原生理念。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/bd\/cb\/bddc3cb3abd18804326427cabe3b1ecb.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企業雲原生轉型的收益與障礙"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現實中，不同行業的企業在不同的應用場景中對雲原生的期望也是有所不同的。例如，泛互聯網行業希望雲原生能夠提升運維自動化水平，金融行業更關注老舊的基礎架構現代化的命題，而政府機構則將數據主權與安全性擺在了非常靠前的優先級上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但整體而言，雲原生給企業帶來的核心利益基本上是一致的："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"價值創新。雲原生平臺可以大大簡化應用開發流程，加快產品迭代速度，支持企業創新活動。雲原生與AI、低代碼技術結合，能夠幫助企業探索更多創新應用場景，爲用戶創造更大價值。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"增強協作。雲原生消除了不同部門和技術架構之間的差異，加強企業內部的溝通協作能力。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DevSecOps。雲原生時代，企業應用開發全面擁抱DevSecOps，實現自動化運維，形成自治化組織架構。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"混合分佈。傳統的單體集中式架構難以適應跨地域、跨部門的業務需求，而云原生的多雲部署、雲邊端協同能力帶來了可擴展、快速響應、貼近用戶的底層IT設施。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據智能。雲原生架構可以輕鬆應對海量數據的獲取、存儲和分析需求，幫助企業實現數據驅動和智能決策。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如今，企業對於雲原生轉型帶來的收益與價值已經沒有太多質疑，很多企業對雲原生都抱有開放和歡迎的態度。但到了實踐落地階段，當企業選擇自主研發或集成開源技術來踏上轉型之路時，往往會遇到一系列困難和風險。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.     首先是穩定性與可持續性風險。由於雲原生體系涉及廣泛的技術領域，每一個領域都有很多開源組件可選。這些組件迭代速度很快，成熟度也各有不同，給企業的選擇帶來了很大難度。當企業選擇的開源組件停止更新或者出現嚴重缺陷時，雲原生架構也就會面臨重大危機。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.     擴展性風險。由於雲原生社區的開源組件往往基於複雜的技術，同一條技術路線上的組件又多有相互依賴，這就給企業帶來了路線鎖定的風險。選擇某一套組件後，基礎設施的擴展能力往往就會受組件本身制約。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3.     研發風險。雲原生作爲相對較新的技術體系，社區中的很多開源組件都未經企業應用驗證，缺乏大規模企業級特性支持。企業選擇這些組件時就要承擔生產環境中的更多業務風險。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.     學習成本。雖然雲原生技術的目標之一是簡化企業基礎設施的複雜性，但企業採用雲原生的道路上往往需要學習大量不夠成熟的全新知識，帶來了可觀的學習成本，也提高了應用的研發門檻。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一邊是雲原生技術承諾的誘人前景，一邊是實踐落地時面臨的重重障礙，企業面對這樣的兩難境地，往往只能停止或減慢雲原生轉型的步伐。如何打破這一僵局，爲雲原生轉型解決“後顧之憂”，成爲IT產業亟需解決的關鍵挑戰。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲雲應用平臺，爲企業雲原生轉型鋪平道路"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面對企業雲原生轉型之路上的種種困難，華爲雲作爲全球雲原生社區的先驅者和主要推動者之一，率先提出了“雲原生2.0”的技術理念，並打造了一套全生命週期雲原生應用平臺。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/9b\/f8\/9b54a8cf60262321e8d824389a4933f8.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生2.0的核心理念，是企業雲化從“ONCloud”走向“IN Cloud”，成爲“新雲原生企業”。在雲原生2.0的技術體系內，新生能力與既有能力能夠做到立而不破、有機協同，實現資源高效、應用敏捷、業務智能、安全可信。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了實現雲原生2.0的願景，華爲雲應用平臺爲企業提供了雲原生應用的一站式管理能力，基於“以應用爲中心”的核心理念，幫助企業快速上雲既有業務、開發雲原生應用，儘早達成雲原生轉型目標。從應用生命週期的角度來看，具備六個方面的顯著優勢："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"集成了業內首個打通研發態、運行態和運維態的全週期DevSecOps平臺，支持API、微服務、函數、Web\/Mobile、小程序、IoT和AI7大企業應用開發場景，具備全代碼、輕代碼和低代碼\/零代碼三種開發模式，提供了覆蓋編碼、構建、檢查、測試、部署、發佈、託管、監控全部環節的應用開發流水線。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"打造雲原生質量體系，保證代碼的質量，自動化測試，現網的質量。具備強大的雲端自動化測試和代碼分析能力，基於華爲雲自研分析引擎，可以自動生成測試用例，提供全場景API測試，幫助企業解決了雲原生應用的測試難題，大大減輕了應用測試所需的人力和資源負擔。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生應用提供了高可靠、高可用的雲中間件函數，與同類競品相比有着突出的性價比優勢。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生時代，微服務架構是應用治理的標準方法。ServiceStage提供了高性能微服務框架、服務治理、配置管理等全場景能力，打通企業的雲原生應用治理全程環節。平臺還提供了契約管理功能，可以規範並協調多個開發團隊的接口開發，從而降低溝通成本，提升協作效率。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於智能化運維理念，實現集成環境統一、交付流程標準化，使企業做到全流程“自助式”開發、自驗、集成驗證、上線及運維。針對雲端架構的複雜運維需求，華爲APM分佈式鏈路追蹤系統結合了市面兩大主流技術的優勢，提供了非侵入式數據採集、業務運營體驗和性能管理、應用程序跟蹤和分析等能力，爲企業帶來立體化運維能力。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企業雲原生轉型的過程中，既有系統和雲原生系統之間的互通協作是企業非常重視的關鍵環節，ROMA Connect服務，具備強大的應用和數據集成能力，可以實現應用和數據的內部互通、內外互通、混雲互通。ROMA Connect將傳統應用和新應用通過API、數據接口、消息等方式集成起來，既保護了企業的歷史投資，也爲未來的業務系統漸進式重構奠定了基礎。"}]}]}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/c1\/be\/c14392e8299f08d2980571e3be5655be.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"尤爲重要的是，華爲雲應用平臺使企業避免了陷入衆多開源技術組件的選擇難題。應用平臺提供的一切能力和服務從設計之初就考慮到了企業應用環境中所需的種種特性，且全部經過了華爲雲及衆多企業客戶的生產實踐檢驗，具備長遠的發展和擴展空間。另一方面，應用平臺全方位降低了企業走進雲原生世界的門檻，爲企業隱藏了大量底層技術的複雜性，並在華爲雲支持服務的助力下降低了企業的學習成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲雲原生社區的長期推動者之一，華爲雲在雲原生技術領域的投入是長期而持續的。企業選擇華爲雲應用平臺，不需要擔憂某項組件或關鍵技術出現“斷檔”，喪失支持。隨着雲原生行業技術的不斷髮展，華爲雲應用平臺本身也將不斷升級迭代，使企業可以保持底層架構的先進性，爲應用和業務創新提供可靠保障。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"未來，華爲雲平臺將幫助更多政企組織加速雲原生轉型，在雲原生2.0時代獲得出色的競爭力。"}]}]}