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生效。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/f2\/f2eee4a8ae5338849851a035fc7979e7.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"结果验证：同理发送请求，携带 Header 参数usertype = user，region = shanghai。发现返回请求失败。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3.3 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为1000001的请求数据"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/4d\/4d693b57484abc3c81f5ddac94a91ecd.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如图所示，下面查询的数据即为携带对应标签的请求trace列表。"}]},{"type":"horizontalrule"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"头图：Unsplash"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：杨蕊"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/i5jZdvEeQ6qds0xdyMeFTA"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：服务治理最佳实践：如何快速依据请求参数值进行服务路由、鉴权、限流？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"来源：腾讯云中间件 - 微信公众号 [ID：gh_6ea1bc2dd5fd]"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"转载：著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。"}]}]}
服务治理最佳实践：如何快速依据请求参数值进行服务路由、鉴权、限流？
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微服务网关作为后台架构的入口，提供路由转发、API 管理、访问过滤器等作用，是微服务架构中的重要组件。开源社区中存在多种方式实现微服务网关的功能，但同时也存在不灵活、运维难的问题。本文从实际业务场景出发，通过实际操作为大家演示腾讯云微服务平台TSF(Tencent Service Framework)是如何解决上述问题的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前言"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":"br"}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微服务网关通过服务路由、API管理、负载均衡、访问限制等功能，在一定程度上可以实现服务治理，帮助我们管理各个服务之间的调用及关联关系。我们来看这样一个场景：当有外部请求时，我们希望依据某些参数值来决定路由可转发到服务的某个版本，或依据参数值对请求进行限流、鉴权等操作。如下图所示，外网请求通过网关访问后端微服务，当请求参数 region = guangzhou时，我们希望可以路由转发到微服务的版本1中；当region = shanghai时，路由可以转发到微服务的版本2中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/0b\/0bb2dbb31f8afdf8190522774aec941e.png","alt":null,"title":"访问链路","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这个场景在实际业务中非常常见，那我们先来看下使用开源方案如何实现基于业务参数的服务治理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开源社区服务路由初探"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":"br"}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在开源社区中，根据不同语言和微服务的技术选型，有以下几种方式实现服务路由能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1. 传统路由配置"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当我们不依赖服务发现机制的时候，我们通常需要通过具体的配置文件来指定路由的表达式与服务实例的映射关系。当网关调用某个微服务时，若微服务上有多个节点需要进行负载均衡，则需要如下配置："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"zuul.routes.user-service.path=\/user\/**\nzuul.routes.user-service.serviceId=user\n\nribbon.eureka.enabled=false\nuser-service.ribbon.listOfServers=http:\/\/localhost:8080\/,http:\/\/localhost:8081\/"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通过上面的配置即可实现\/user\/**的请求转发到两个实例上去。但我们很容易发现这种配置方式存在以下几个问题："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对于实现前文中架构图的路由方式，至少需要将B服务拆分成为两个不同名称的微服务，在网关、A服务上共配置三次路由规则才能实现三个微服务之间基于请求参数的服务路由能力。配置非常复杂。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" 由于没有注册中心，我们没法对节点的状态进行检测和剔除，当系统中出现坏死节点，必须改变路由配置才能让业务恢复运行。运维困难。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"配置后需要重启网关实例配置才能生效，无法热生效。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2. 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中的以下功能："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微服务网关的部署：微服务网关是微服务的请求入口，它本身也是一个微服务。用户可以通过微服务网关托管不同微服务的API。详细微服务网关的部署方式请参考:https:\/\/cloud.tencent.com\/document\/product\/649\/40200"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"服务路由：用户可以配置流量分配权重，设置某些权重的流量被分配到某个版本号中，为灰度发布等上线模式提供了无需终止服务的底层能力支持。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"下面就开始我们的基于业务参数的服务治理实践指引。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1. 准备工作"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"准备两个微服务 consumer -demo；provider - demo。其中provider - demo存在两个版本的包provider-demo-guangzhou.jar，provider-demo-shanghai.jar。两个版本在访问请求携带region参数并访问 \/test-region 接口时，会分别返回 shanghai和guangzhou。请求provider - demo时，可以携带两个 Header 参数，region 和usertype。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"consumer - demo部署在一个部署组上，provider - demo部署在两个部署组上，每个部署组部署一个版本的jar包。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有关创建部署组的相关操作请参考：https:\/\/cloud.tencent.com\/document\/product\/649\/16932"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"部署一个微服务网关，使用官网 demo ，部署后服务名为 msgw - demo，部署组名称为test，默认端口为8080 （请注意给对应机器开放8080端口。）在本demo中，将直接通过网关访问微服务provider。有关部署微服务网关的操作请参考："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/cloud.tencent.com\/document\/product\/649\/40200"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新建微服务网关分组，并将微服务网关分组绑定在创建好的网关应用部署组上。 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为1000001的请求数据"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/4d\/4d693b57484abc3c81f5ddac94a91ecd.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如图所示，下面查询的数据即为携带对应标签的请求trace列表。"}]},{"type":"horizontalrule"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"头图：Unsplash"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：杨蕊"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/i5jZdvEeQ6qds0xdyMeFTA"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：服务治理最佳实践：如何快速依据请求参数值进行服务路由、鉴权、限流？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"来源：腾讯云中间件 - 微信公众号 [ID：gh_6ea1bc2dd5fd]"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"转载：著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。"}]}]}
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