程序員如何建立第二大腦

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就說餓了。你首先在哪兒尋找食物?種菜的農場,可以覓食的森林,超市,還是你自己的儲藏室和冰箱?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除非你生活在前工業時代,否則你的決定看起來是這樣的:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/c7\/c784576f2e20360a359848c686cb55fc.jpeg","alt":"image.png","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在近代史上,最後一步也許是多餘的,但其主要思想仍能成立。在你飢餓時,你並不會直接尋找食物的最終來源。假如在你的食物供應鏈中沒有食物,你需要在食物供應鏈中找到最接近的本地環節 (通常是你自己的食品儲藏室\/冰箱)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在的問題在於,當我們將這一過程應用到食品中時,我們並沒有將其應用到我們的信息\/內容中。對於軟件開發者\/工程師來說,這將對我們的工作效率和心理健康產生深遠影響。我們是知識工作者,消費信息就像食物一樣,對於我們的生存和發展至關重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“第二大腦”的概念就源於此。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“第二大腦”是什麼?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“第二大腦”這個短語是由生產力專家 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/fortelabs.co\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Tiago Forte"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 提出來的。以他的話來說:"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"構建“第二大腦”是一套將傳入的信息轉化爲完成的創造性項目的完整行爲集。與其不斷優化自己,試圖成爲一臺效率機器,永遠不會脫離計劃,不如讓你優化一個比你更可靠的外部系統。那樣你就能自由地想象、猜疑、走向任何能讓你此時此刻生活的事物。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從本質上講,“第二大腦”是一種"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"個人知識管理系統"},{"type":"text","text":",它是你大腦的延伸,這樣你就不需要這麼費力地思考和記憶。將思考和記憶轉移到自己的“第二大腦”中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"正如 Sherlock Holmes(名偵探福爾摩斯)的“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/blog\/the-memory-factory\/202105\/use-sherlock-holmes-mind-palace-technique-improve-your-memory","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"心靈宮殿"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”(mind palace)一樣,它是一個儲存你所有揮之不去的想法的地方,也是一個整理你每天從書本、互聯網和其他渠道獲得的信息的地方,這樣你就不會被不必要的信息所淹沒,並利用重要的知識採取行動。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲什麼要建造第二大腦?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分(如果不是所有的)軟件開發者都有一套找到我們解決問題或學習新事物所需要的信息的方法。假如我們有一個需要幫助的問題,我們通常會遵循這樣的僞供應鏈:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/84\/843abf256633e8be0f83f57ccbd3b6a3.jpeg","alt":"image.png","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你可能知道,在我們所開發的供應鏈中,沒有“本地環節”。谷歌是最接近的環節,這意味着我們利用龐大的、未經分類的網絡,即互聯網和谷歌對我們問題的解釋作爲我們的“第二大腦”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通過搜索 StackOverflow 的大量問答數據庫、YouTube 和個人博客上的數百萬計的視頻和文章,或者複雜的開發者文檔,這些我們都忘記了一件事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"每當我們需要食物時,我們都會直接前往農場\/森林。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“第二大腦”就是這個問題的解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"藉由建立我們自己的“第二大腦”,我們可以在信息供應鏈中創造出自己的本地環節,並保存根據我們需要優化的相關信息,而不是每次都依賴谷歌和搜索互聯網。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"讓我們來看看怎樣能夠建造“第二大腦”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲軟件開發者,如何建造“第二大腦”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一步·選擇一個應用"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你需要一些東西來作爲容納你的“第二大腦”的系統。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就像 Tiago Forte(第二大腦概念的最初創造者)所指出的,"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/fortelabs.co\/blog\/the-essential-requirements-for-choosing-a-notes-app-as-your-second-brain\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理想的第二大腦系統有 15 種品質"}]},{"type":"text","text":",分爲決定條件、必備因素和錦上添花:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"決定條件"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 快速捕捉和編輯。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 在演奏中,音階達到數千個音符,沒有滯後性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. 基本的格式設置選項。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4. 強大的搜索功能。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5. 處理圖像和附件的能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"6. 可公開共享的私有空間。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"必備因素"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7. 具有至少 3 層結構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8. 多種捕捉信息的方法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"9. 本地和網絡版本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10. 捕捉並同步多種設備上的信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"11. 可輸出爲純文本。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"錦上添花"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"12. 並排閱讀"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"13. 子彈或列表"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"14. 自動打上日期戳"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"15. 標籤"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"儘管可以使用像筆記本或便箋這樣的手工方法,但是很難將這些方法擴展到成千上萬的筆記、處理圖片和代碼段,允許快速捕捉\/編輯的便攜性,最重要的是要允許搜索。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因此,爲什麼數字系統必不可少(尤其是在軟件開發的背景下)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在撰寫本文時,市場上有大量的數字筆記應用。然而,在本文中,我只想列出那些使用最廣泛的“第二大腦”\/個人知識管理系統。"}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.notion.so\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Notion"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/evernote.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Evernote"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/roamresearch.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Roam Research"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-au\/microsoft-365\/onenote\/digital-note-taking-app?ms.url=onenotecom&rtc=1","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"OneNote"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"榮譽獎"},{"type":"text","text":":"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/workflowy.com\/hi\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Workflowy"}]},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/obsidian.md\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Obsidian"}]},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/supernotes.app\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Supernotes"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所有列出的應用都符合“第二大腦”\/個人知識管理系統的要求。每種應用的工作方式各不相同,也有其優點和缺點,因此要選擇最適合你的應用程序。你的第二大腦是給你看和用的,不是給別人看的。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二步·創建通用結構\/線框"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下來,我們需要構建我們所選擇的應用程序,以便有效地捕捉、分類和檢索相關信息。以下兩個組織系統較爲突出:"}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/zettelkasten.de\/introduction\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Zettlekasten"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/fortelabs.co\/blog\/para\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"PARA 方法"}]},{"type":"text","text":"(推薦)"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/zettelkasten.de\/introduction\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Zettlekasten"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 方法提倡用一種規則的方式記筆記,筆記被“原子化”,並以儘可能短和最模塊化的方式捕捉。當你捕捉並分解爲組件後,你可以搜索你以前所做過的相關筆記,並將它們鏈接起來。最終,更新整個筆記網絡,以便可以訪問你最近捕捉的筆記。擁有一個筆記網絡很有價值,但是需要花費很多時間和精力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/fortelabs.co\/blog\/para\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"PARA 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StackOverflow"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"常見問題是信息最原始、最直接的形式。信息搜索始於我們想要答案的問題或者我們想要解決的問題。通常可以在 StackOverflow 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Notion 數據庫或帶有過濾器的表格),這很重要,你就可以基於語言、類型和上下文進行搜索。舉例來說,你應該能夠搜索帶有"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"樣式上下文"},{"type":"text","text":"的所有"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"前端 JavaScript"},{"type":"text","text":" 代碼片段。"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"語言"},{"type":"text","text":"——例如 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調用、創建實用函數等有關。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"(描述"},{"type":"text","text":")——代碼段的基於文本的描述。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"片段"},{"type":"text","text":"——實際的代碼段\/樣板文件(用代碼標籤包裝)。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"(依賴關係"},{"type":"text","text":")——鏈接到任何其他相關的代碼或包,或者需要使用這個代碼段的鏈接。"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"文檔模板"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這些基本上是文本段。你項目所需的每一份文檔的模板,例如 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API”的教程與此無關,可將其放在資源部分中,供將來使用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你最好每天進行分類,審閱傳入信息,避免"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.interaction-design.org\/literature\/article\/information-overload-why-it-matters-and-how-to-combat-it","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"信息過載"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"摘要·流程圖"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/67\/67992d014eac03d01e2f5561fdce1ae6.jpeg","alt":"image.png","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這絕不是一個全面的指南。但我承認,我可能漏掉了許多你需要的信息,以使一個運轉良好的第二大腦系統發揮作用。要想獲得更全面的建立“第二大腦”的通用指南,請查閱 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.buildingasecondbrain.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Tiago Forte 的課程"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。他在個人知識管理\/第二大腦系統方面比我更有權威。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文的主要目的就是要告訴所有的開發者,用谷歌找到他們遇到的所有問題的方法都是低效和無益的。但願我能做到這一點,並向你們展示一種做事的方法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"作者介紹:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Aseem 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