什么是OSS对象存储？？
OSS对象存储主要使用于什么场景？？
图片和音视频等应用的海量存储
OSS可用于图片、音视频、日志等海量文件的存储。各种终端设备、Web网站程序、移动应用可以直接向OSS写入或读取数据。OSS支持流式写入和文件写入两种方式。
网页或者移动应用的静态和动态资源分离
利用BGP带宽，OSS可以实现超低延时的数据直接下载。OSS也可以配合阿里云CDN加速服务，为图片、音视频、移动应用的更新分发提供最佳体验。
云端数据处理
上传文件到OSS后，可以配合媒体处理服务和图片处理服务进行云端的数据处理。
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主要使用步骤(以Springboot热部署为例)：
- 在pom.xml文件添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
<version>2.8.3</version>
</dependency>
- 编写配置文件（以阿里云服务器的OSS对象存储为例）,主要思想分两步走
第一步：先创建客户端，配置endpoint，accessKeyId，accessKeySecret，bucketName，host，imgdir，filedir等详细信息
@Component
public class OSSClientUtil {
protected static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OSSClientUtil.class);
private String endpoint = "自己的endpoint";
private String accessKeyId = "自己的accessKeyId";
private String accessKeySecret = "自己的accessKeySecret";
private String bucketName = "自己的bucketName";
private String host = "自己的项目主机";
//图片存储目录
private String imgdir = "写啥随意/";
//文件存储目录
private String filedir = "写啥随意/";
public void changeFiledir(String filedir) {
}
/**
* 上传图片
* @param file
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String uploadImg2Oss(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
if (file.getSize() > 10 * 1024 * 1024) {
throw new Exception("上传图片大小不能超过10M");
}
String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
String substring = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf(".")).toLowerCase();
Random random = new Random();
String name = random.nextInt(10000) + System.currentTimeMillis() + substring;
try {
// TODO: 2020/6/2 update
InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
this.uploadImg2Oss(inputStream, name);
return name;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.info("文件目录为："+ getUrl(bucketName));
throw new Exception("上传失败...");
}
}
/**
* 上传图片获取fileurl
* @param inputStream 输入流
* @param fileurl 文件路径
* @return 上传成功
*/
private String uploadImg2Oss(InputStream inputStream, String fileurl) {
String ret = "";
try {
//创建上传Object的Metadata
ObjectMetadata objectMetadata = new ObjectMetadata();
objectMetadata.setContentLength(inputStream.available());
objectMetadata.setCacheControl("no-cache");
objectMetadata.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
objectMetadata.setContentType(getcontentType(fileurl.substring(fileurl.lastIndexOf("."))));
objectMetadata.setContentDisposition("inline;filename=" + fileurl);
//上传文件
OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint,accessKeyId,accessKeySecret);
PutObjectResult putObjectResult = ossClient.putObject(bucketName,imgdir + fileurl,inputStream,objectMetadata);
ret = putObjectResult.getETag();
}catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}finally {
try {
if(inputStream != null){
inputStream.close();
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return ret;
}
/**
* 获取文件路径
* @param fileUrl 文件路径
* @return
*/
public String getImgUrl(String fileUrl) {
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(fileUrl)){
String[] split = fileUrl.split("/");
// String url = this.getImgUrl(this.imgdir + split[split.length - 1]);
String url = this.imgdir + split[split.length - 1];
//log.info("该图片的路径为",url);
return url;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 删除文件
* @param filename 文件名称
*/
public void deleteFile(GenericRequest filename) {
OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint,accessKeyId,accessKeySecret);
String fileName = getFileName(filename);
ossClient.deleteObject(bucketName,imgdir+fileName);
ossClient.shutdown();
}
public static String getFileName(GenericRequest path){
String fileName = new File(String.valueOf(path)).getName();
//return fileName.substring(0, fileName.indexOf("?"));
return fileName;
}
/**
*生成url连接
* @param key
* @return
*/
public String getUrl(String key){
//设置URL过期间为10年
Date expiration = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600*1000*24*365*10);
//生成URL
OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint,accessKeyId,accessKeySecret);
URL url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName,key,expiration);
if(url != null){
return url.toString();
}
return null;
}
/**
*
* @param FilenameExtension 文件后缀格式
* @return
*/
public static String getcontentType(String FilenameExtension) {
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".bmp")) {
return "image/bmp";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".gif")) {
return "image/gif";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpeg") ||
FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpg") ||
FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".png")) {
return "image/jpeg";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".html")) {
return "text/html";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".txt")) {
return "text/plain";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".vsd")) {
return "application/vnd.visio";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".pptx") ||
FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".ppt")) {
return "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".docx") ||
FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".doc")) {
return "application/msword";
}
if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".xml")) {
return "text/xml";
}
return "image/jpeg";
}
}
第二步：创建文件上传工具类
public class OssuploadUtil {
public String updateHead(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
if (file == null || file.getSize() <= 0) {
throw new Exception("file不能为空");
}
OSSClientUtil ossClient = new OSSClientUtil();
String fileUrl = ossClient.uploadImg2Oss(file);
String imgUrl = ossClient.getImgUrl(fileUrl);
String[] split = imgUrl.split("\\?");
return split[0];
}
/**
* 上传图片到指定的文件夹
* @param file
* @param filedir
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String updateHead(MultipartFile file, String filedir) throws Exception {
if (file == null || file.getSize() <= 0) {
throw new Exception("file不能为空");
}
OSSClientUtil ossClient = new OSSClientUtil();
ossClient.changeFiledir(filedir);
String name = ossClient.uploadImg2Oss(file);
String imgUrl = ossClient.getImgUrl(name);
String[] split = imgUrl.split("\\?");
return split[0];
}
/**
* 上传多张图片，然后拼接所有的url
*
* @param image
* @return
*/
public Result uploadReturnUrl(List<String> image) {
StringBuilder imageStr = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < image.size(); i++) {
MultipartFile file = Base64tTransformUtil.base64ToMultipart(image.get(i));
try {
String url = this.updateHead(file);
System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "张图片路径: " + url);
if (i + 1 == image.size()) {
imageStr.append(url);
} else {
imageStr.append(url + ",");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return new Result().fail("图片上传失败!!!");
}
}
return new Result().success(imageStr.toString(), "图片上传成功");
}
/**
* 上传一张图片
*
* @param image
* @return
*/
public Result oneuploadReturnUrl(String image) {
String url;
MultipartFile file = Base64tTransformUtil.base64ToMultipart(image);
try {
url = this.updateHead(file);
System.out.println("图片路径: " + url);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return new Result().fail("图片上传失败!!!");
}
return new Result().success(url, "图片上传成功");
}
/**
* 上传一张图片到是定文件将夹
*
* @param image
* @return
*/
public Result oneuploadReturnUrlToPoint(String image, String filedir) {
String url;
MultipartFile file = Base64tTransformUtil.base64ToMultipart(image);
try {
url = this.updateHead(file, filedir);
System.out.println("图片路径: " + url);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return new Result().fail("图片上传失败!!!");
}
return new Result().success(url, "图片上传成功");
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: deleteFile
* @Description: 单文件删除
* @param fileUrl 需要删除的文件url
* @return boolean 是否删除成功
*/
public boolean deleteFile(String fileUrl){
OSSClientUtil ossClient = new OSSClientUtil();
/**
* 根据url获取bucketName
*/
String bucketName = OssuploadUtil.getBucketName(fileUrl);
/**
* 根据url获取fileName
*/
String fileName = OssuploadUtil.getFileName(fileUrl);
if(bucketName==null||fileName==null) {
return false;
}
try {
GenericRequest request = new DeleteObjectsRequest(bucketName).withKey(fileName);
ossClient.deleteFile(request);
} catch (Exception oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: getBucketName
* @Description: 根据url获取bucketName
* @param fileUrl 文件url
* @return String bucketName
*/
public static String getBucketName(String fileUrl){
String http = "http://";
String https = "https://";
int httpIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(http);
int httpsIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(https);
int startIndex = 0;
if(httpIndex==-1){
if(httpsIndex==-1){
return null;
}else{
startIndex = httpsIndex+https.length();
}
}else{
startIndex = httpIndex+http.length();
}
int endIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(".oss-");
return fileUrl.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
}
/**
*
* @MethodName: getFileName
* @Description: 根据url获取fileName
* @param fileUrl 文件url
* @return String fileName
*/
public static String getFileName(String fileUrl){
String str = "aliyuncs.com/";
int beginIndex = fileUrl.indexOf(str);
if(beginIndex==-1) {
return null;
}
return fileUrl.substring(beginIndex+str.length());
}
}