Oracle 11g 數據庫更改字符集

1、oracle server 端 字符集查詢
select userenv('language') from dual
其中NLS_CHARACTERSET 爲server端字符集
NLS_LANGUAGE 爲 server端字符顯示形式

2、$echo $NLS_LANG

如果發現你select 出來的數據是亂碼，請把client端的字符集配置成與linux操作系統相同的字符集。如果還是有亂碼，則有可能是數據庫中的數據存在問題，或者是oracle服務端的配置存在問題。

3、server端字符集修改

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• 更改字符集步驟方法(WE8ISO8859P1 --> ZHS16GBK) *

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SQL>

將數據庫啓動到RESTRICTED模式下做字符集更改：

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.
SQL> show parameter job_queue_processes; --記住參數值，最後更改完字符集需要將這些參數改成原值
SQL> show parameter aq_tm_processes; --記住參數值，最後更改完字符集需要將這些參數改成原值

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

提示我們的字符集：新字符集必須爲舊字符集的超集，這時我們可以跳過超集的檢查做更改：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

略

19 rows selected.

重啓檢查是否更改完成：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

略

19 rows selected.