1、自建yum倉庫，分別爲網絡源和本地源
(1) 自建基於局域網的私有yum源
1) 倉庫服務器配置
[root@repo-server ~]#yum -y install httpd createrepo
[root@repo-server ~]#systemctl enable --now httpd
2) yum客戶端配置
[root@repo-client yum.repos.d]#vim base.repo
[base]
name=base
baseurl= http://10.0.0.205/centos/7/base/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extra]
name=extra
baseurl=http://10.0.0.205/centos/extra/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=updates
baseurl=http://10.0.0.205/centos/updates/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
3) 下載阿里雲或者華爲雲的base、extras、updates源，製作私有yum源
首先需要保證倉庫服務器上的yum源正常，能正常訪問阿里雲或者華爲雲倉庫
[root@repo-server ~]#yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
- base:
- epel: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
- extra: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
-
updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 base 4,071
epel/7/x86_64 epel 13,490
extra/7/x86_64 extra 448
updates/7/x86_64 updates 1,155
repolist: 19,164下載base、extras、updates源
[root@repo-server ~]reposync --repoid=base --download-metadata -p /var/www/html/centos/7
[root@repo-server ~]reposync --repoid=extra --download-metadata -p /var/www/html/centos/
[root@repo-server ~]reposync --repoid=updates --download-metadata -p /var/www/html/centos/創建元數據
[root@repo-server ~]createrepo /var/www/html/centos/7/base
[root@repo-server ~]createrepo /var/www/html/centos/extra
[root@repo-server ~]createrepo /var/www/html/centos/updates4) yum客戶端更新yum源
[root@repo-client ~]#yum clean all
[root@repo-client ~]#yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base base 4,071
extra extra 448
updates updates 778
repolist: 5,297
(2) 自建本地私有yum源 (使用系統光盤的掛載作爲本地yum源)
[root@repo-client ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
修改yum源配置文件
[root@repo-client ~]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
更新本地yum源
[root@repo-client ~]#yum clean all
[root@repo-client ~]#yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
repo id repo name status
base base 4,071
repolist: 4,071
2、編譯安裝http2.4，實現可以正常訪問，並將編譯步驟和結果提交。
(0) 安裝前準備：關閉防火牆和SELinux
(1) 安裝包
[root@centos8 ~]#dnf install gcc make apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config
(2) 下載並解壓縮包
[root@centos8 ~]#tar xvf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src
(3) 配置
[root@centos8 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.46/
[root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
(4) 編譯並安裝
[root@centos8 httpd-2.4.46]#make -j 2 && make install （make -j 2 的意思是兩個cpu核同時執行make命令，具體應該寫幾個核，需要根據lscpu看到的結果，有幾個核就寫幾個）
(5) 配置環境
[root@centos8 ~]#echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@centos8 ~]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
(6) 運行
[root@centos8 ~]#apachectl
(7) 指定用apache用戶運行
[root@centos8 ~]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www -c Apache -u 48 apache
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
user apache
group apache
(8)生效和驗證
[root@centos8 ~]#apachectl restart
#查看
[root@centos8 ~]#ps aux3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本機的IPv4地址
法1：ifconfig eth0|sed -En '2s#^([^0-9]+)([0-9.]+)( .)$#\2#p'
法2：ifconfig eth0|sed -En '2s#^[^0-9]+([0-9.]+) .
$#\1#p'
4、刪除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#開頭，後面至少跟一個空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符
[root@repo-client ~]#sed -Ei.bak 's/^(#[[:blank:]]+)(.*)$/\2/' fstab
執行後結果：
[root@repo-client data]#cat fstab
#
/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Sun Nov 8 23:17:14 2020
#
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=97c3dc2f-b9d3-4b1b-9553-f3ff27ec3094 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=eba488ff-d5ab-4fe7-8885-27947c7d1e01 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=85a59201-e34c-46f6-8598-d418dadd9254 /data xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=5796fdaf-ddbe-4c54-abeb-8f0e79ec0840 swap swap defaults 0
5、處理/etc/fstab路徑,使用sed命令取出其目錄名和基名
取目錄名
[root@repo-client data]#echo "/etc/fstab" |sed -En 's#^(/./).$#\1#p'
/etc/
取基名
[root@repo-client network-scripts]#echo "/etc/fstab" |sed -En 's#^(/./)(.)$#\2#p'
fstab