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php-fpm配置相關
一、php-fpm配置
和LAMP不同的是,在LNMP架構中,php-fpm作爲獨立的一個服務存在,既然是獨立服務,那麼它必然有自己的配置文件。php-fpm的配置文件爲/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf,它同樣也支持include語句,類似於nginx.conf裏面的include.
1. php-fpm 的pool
Nginx可以配置多個虛擬主機,php-fpm配置文件php-fpm.conf可以設置多個pool,每個pool可以監聽一個端口,在其中一個pool資源耗盡,會導致其他站點無法訪問資源,報502錯誤。有必要把站點進行分離,分別使用單獨的pool。
1.打開php-fpm.conf
[root@xavi ~]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@xavi ~]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
[root@xavi etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@xavi etc]# cat php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
#listen =127.0.0.1:9000
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
php-fpm.conf部分內容註解
#[www]
#listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
#監聽地址,也可以寫:listen = 127.0.0.1:9000,本地監聽,也可以監聽其他IP:port
#此處格式會影響配置Nginx和PHP結合時Nginx尋址PHP的路徑
#listen.mode = 666
#當監聽的爲socket文件時該部分才生效,用於指定.sock文件的權限
#user = php-fpm
#group = php-fpm
#定義php-fpm服務的用戶
在原來基礎上在複製修改一個
[xavi.com]
listen = /tmp/xavier.sock
#listen =127.0.0.1:9000
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
檢查並重啓php-fpm服務
[19-Mar-2018 23:02:28] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
[root@xavi etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload
Reload service php-fpm done
查看下php-fpm服務
[root@xavi etc]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
root 4684 0.0 0.2 227268 4984 ? Ss 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm 4685 0.0 0.2 229292 5080 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4686 0.0 0.2 229292 5080 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4687 0.0 0.2 229292 5080 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4688 0.0 0.2 229292 5084 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4689 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4690 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4691 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4692 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4693 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4694 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:03 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 4705 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ?
php-fpm 4809 0.0 0.2 229292 5084 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4810 0.0 0.2 229292 5084 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4811 0.0 0.2 229292 5084 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4812 0.0 0.2 229292 5084 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4813 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4814 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4815 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4816 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4817 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4818 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
php-fpm 4819 0.0 0.2 229292 5088 ? S 23:08 0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com
2.已經看到www和xavi.com兩個pool了,下一步如何應用
[root@xavi etc]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
[root@xavi vhost]# ls
bcd.com.conf load.conf proxy.conf ssl.conf test.com.conf
[root@xavi vhost]# vim test.com.conf
[root@xavi vhost]# vim bcd.com.conf
server
{
listen 80 default_server;
server_name abcd.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/nginx/default;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/xavier.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/nginx/default$fastcgi_script_name;
}
另一種創建多個pool的方法
在/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/下有多個conf文件,這樣我們可以配置多個虛擬機,那麼php-fpm是否也支持多個conf文件呢,是的
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vi www.conf
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
#listen =127.0.0.1:9000
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vi xavi.conf
[xavi.com]
listen = /tmp/xavier.sock
#listen =127.0.0.1:9000
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
這樣原有的php-fpm.conf就只有三行內容了
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# cat ../php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
include = etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
檢查語法並重啓
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[20-Mar-2018 20:39:01] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm done
ps aux |grep php-fpm
二、php-fpm慢執行日誌
php網站,建議使用lnmp架構的一個好處就是查看“慢日誌”,爲什麼這麼說呢?當我們的客戶或者manager發現站點訪問速度點慢,如果全部的負載均不是很高,一切正常還是慢,怎麼辦?那唯一的辦法就是檢查“慢日誌”,慢日誌會向我們詳細的展示某個頁面的多少行代碼在執行過程中超過了我們設定的閥值!
2.1 配置www.conf吧
在原有的基礎上面,增加兩行:
request_slowlog_timeout = 2
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www_slow.log
命令的意思是:只要執行某條語句超過2秒就會記錄到咱們規定的日誌文件中去。
開啓慢執行日誌
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
#listen =127.0.0.1:9000
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
request_slowlog_timeout = 2
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www_slow.log
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[20-Mar-2018 21:50:45] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
2.查看慢執行日誌
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/
php-fpm.log www-slow.log
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log
- 我們發現已經有配置文件,但是還沒有記錄任何的錯誤;
cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf
php-fcgi.sock被test.com.conf佔用着,在/data/nginx/test.com/下創建sleep.php文件
[root@xavi nginx]# vim /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.
<?php
echo "slowlog test!";
sleep(2);
echo "done";
?>
錯誤報告:
[root@xavi nginx]# vim /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
[root@xavi nginx]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php
curl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:80; 拒絕連接
設置了重複多個default 80端口,以及忘了}符號,以後測試文件及時刪除
測試結果
[root@xavi vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php
slowlog test!done[root@xavi vhost]#
[root@xavi vhost]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log
[20-Mar-2018 22:58:57] [pool www] pid 4662
script_filename = /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
[0x00007f5860f422e8] sleep() /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php:1
[20-Mar-2018 22:59:49] [pool www] pid 4664
script_filename = /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
[0x00007f5860f422e8] sleep() /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php:1 //第一行
[root@xavi vhost]# cat /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
<?php echo "slowlog test!"; sleep(2);echo "done"; ?>
錯誤分析2
最簡單的方法是打開配置文件,查看錯誤日誌:vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
識別出來是語法錯誤
三、Open_basedir
如果一個server有很多個web服務,那麼不建議直接把open_basedir直接配置在php.ini中了。Appache可以針對每個虛擬主機設置一個Open_basedir,php-fpm同樣也可以針對不同的pool設置不同的Open_basedir.
[root@xavi vhost]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
目的:這樣就完全限制了在xavi.com目錄下不可以訪問其它的站點資源,進行物理隔離多個站點
上述排錯是打開php.ini中display_error在生產情況下是不安全的。
建立日誌查錯體系
vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
增加如下配置:搜索/error_log
errot_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
[root@xavi vhost]# grep error_log /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log
; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is
;error_log = php_errors.log
;error_log = syslog
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr".
;opcache.error_log=
爲保證日誌正常輸出,把該路徑下的日誌文件建立起來,並更改其屬性
[root@xavi vhost]# touch /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
[root@xavi vhost]# chmod 777 /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
測試錯誤日誌:
修改問conf文件一定要把php-fpm重新啓動才能生效
[root@xavi vhost]# !curl
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php
slowlog test!done[root@xavi vhost]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm done
[root@xavi vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php
No input file specified.
[root@xavi vhost]# !cat
cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
[20-Mar-2018 15:38:25 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in Unknown on line 1 in Unknown on line 0
[20-Mar-2018 15:38:25 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in Unknown on line 1 in Unknown on line 0
[20-Mar-2018 15:38:31 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/nginx/wwtest.com:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0
[20-Mar-2018 15:38:31 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
四、php-fpm進程管理
-
[ ] pm = dynamic ;
動態進程管理,也可以是static,只有此處設置爲dynamic,下面的配置才生效 -
[ ] pm.max_children = 50 ;
最大子進程數,ps aux可以查看 -
[ ] pm.start_serve = 20;啓動服務時會啓動的進程數
-
[ ] pm.min_spare_servers = 5;
定義空閒時段,子進程數的最小數量,如果達到這個數值時,php-fpm
;服務會自動派生新的子進程。 -
[ ] pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ;
定義在空閒時段,子進程的最大值,如果高於這個數值就開始清理空閒的子進程。 - [ ] pm.max_requests = 500 ;定義一個子進程最多處理的請求數,也就是說在一個php-fpm的子進程最多可以處理這麼請求,當達到這個數值時,他會自動退出。