Android自定義View實現分段選擇按鈕

首先演示下效果,分段選擇按鈕,支持點擊和滑動切換。
演示圖
視圖繪製過程中,要執行onMeasureonLayoutonDraw等方法,這也是自定義控件最常用到的幾個方法。
onMeasure:測量視圖的大小,可以根據MeasureSpec的Mode確定父視圖和子視圖的大小。
onLayout:確定視圖的位置
onDraw:繪製視圖
這裏就不做過多的介紹,主要介紹本控件涉及的到的部分。





1.1 獲取item大小、起始位置

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        if(isItemZero() || getMeasuredWidth() == 0)
            return;

        mHeight = getMeasuredHeight();
        int width = getMeasuredWidth();
        mItemWidth = (width - 2 * itemHorizontalMargin)/getCount();
        mStart = itemHorizontalMargin + mItemWidth * selectedItem;
        mEnd = width - itemHorizontalMargin - mItemWidth;
    }

1.2 繪製

繪製背景,所有的Item,以及選中項

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        if(isItemZero())
            return;

        drawBackgroundRect(canvas);

        drawUnselectedItemsText(canvas);

        drawSelectedItem(canvas);

        drawSelectedItemsText(canvas);
    }

* 繪製背景區域

背景區域就是個帶圓角的長方形

    /**
     * 畫背景區域
     * @param canvas
     */
    private void drawBackgroundRect(Canvas canvas) {
        float r = cornersMode == Round?cornersRadius: mHeight >> 1;
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        mPaint.setColor(backgroundColor);
        mRectF.set(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        canvas.drawRoundRect(mRectF, r, r, mPaint);
    }

* 繪製所有未選中Item的文字

輪流繪製所有Item的文字

    /**
     * 畫所有未選中Item的文字
     * @param canvas
     */
    private void drawUnselectedItemsText(Canvas canvas) {
        mTextPaint.setColor(textColor);
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(null);
        for (int i = 0; i< getCount(); i++){
            int start = itemHorizontalMargin + i * mItemWidth;
            float x = start + (mItemWidth >> 1) - mTextPaint.measureText(getName(i))/2;
            float y = (getHeight() >> 1) - (mTextPaint.ascent() + mTextPaint.descent())/2;
            canvas.drawText(getName(i), x, y, mTextPaint);
        }
    }

* 繪製選中項

    /**
     * 畫選中項
     * @param canvas
     */
    private void drawSelectedItem(Canvas canvas) {
        float r = cornersMode == Round?cornersRadius: (mHeight >> 1) - itemVerticalMargin;
        mPaint.setColor(selectedItemBackgroundColor);
        mRectF.set(mStart, itemVerticalMargin, mStart + mItemWidth, getHeight() - itemVerticalMargin);
        canvas.drawRoundRect(mRectF, r, r, mPaint);
    }

* 繪製選中Item的文字

當選中項移動時,剛移動到下一個Item時,顏色應該是選中的顏色。這裏在原來文字之上再畫選中Item的文字顏色,就有了被選中的效果。

    /**
     * 畫選中Item的文字
     * @param canvas
     */
    private void drawSelectedItemsText(Canvas canvas) {
        canvas.saveLayer(mStart, 0, mStart + mItemWidth, getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
        mTextPaint.setColor(selectedItemTextColor);
        mTextPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OUT));
        int begin = mStart/mItemWidth;
        int end = (begin + 2) < getCount()?begin+2:getCount();

        for (int i = begin; i< end; i++){
            int start = itemHorizontalMargin + i * mItemWidth;
            float x = start + (mItemWidth >> 1) - mTextPaint.measureText(getName(i))/2;
            float y = (getHeight() >> 1) - (mTextPaint.ascent() + mTextPaint.descent())/2;
            canvas.drawText(getName(i), x, y, mTextPaint);
        }
        canvas.restore();
    }

1.3 添加手勢事件

手勢分爲三種,ACTION_DOWN、ACTION_MOVE、ACTION_UP,對應動作就是按下,滑動,按起。
當按下時確定按下位置,是在當前Item,則不做處理,當按下位置爲其它Item位置,就滑動到其它Item位置。
當手勢滑動時,計算相對滑動值,通過改變mStart,改變選中項的位置。
當手勢按起時,根據按下位置、速度和方向,判斷是否可用移動到下一個Item。


    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        if(!isEnabled() || !isInTouchMode() || getCount() == 0)
            return false;

        if (mVelocityTracker == null) {
            mVelocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
        }
        mVelocityTracker.addMovement(event);

        int action = event.getActionMasked();
        if(action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN){
            x = event.getX();
            onClickDownPosition = -1;
            final float y = event.getY();
            if(isItemInside(x, y)){
                return scrollSelectEnabled;
            }else if(isItemOutside(x, y)){
                if(!mScroller.isFinished()){
                    mScroller.abortAnimation();
                }
                onClickDownPosition = (int) ((x - itemHorizontalMargin)/ mItemWidth);
                startScroll(positionStart(x));
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }else if(action == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE){
            if(!mScroller.isFinished() || !scrollSelectEnabled){
                return true;
            }
            float dx = event.getX() - x;
            if(Math.abs(dx) > MIN_MOVE_X){
                mStart = (int) (mStart + dx);
                mStart = Math.min(Math.max(mStart, itemHorizontalMargin), mEnd);
                postInvalidate();
                x = event.getX();
            }
            return true;
        }else if(action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP){

            int newSelectedItem;
            float offset = (mStart - itemHorizontalMargin)%mItemWidth;
            float itemStartPosition = (mStart - itemHorizontalMargin) * 1.0f/ mItemWidth;

            if(!mScroller.isFinished() && onClickDownPosition != -1){
                newSelectedItem = onClickDownPosition;
            }else{
                if(offset == 0f){
                    newSelectedItem = (int)itemStartPosition;
                }else {
                    VelocityTracker velocityTracker = mVelocityTracker;
                    velocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(VELOCITY_UNITS, mMaximumFlingVelocity);
                    int initialVelocity = (int) velocityTracker.getXVelocity();

                    float itemRate = offset/mItemWidth;
                    if (isXVelocityCanMoveNextItem(initialVelocity, itemRate)){
                        newSelectedItem = initialVelocity > 0?(int)itemStartPosition+1:(int)itemStartPosition;
                    }else {
                        newSelectedItem = Math.round(itemStartPosition);
                    }
                    newSelectedItem = Math.max(Math.min(newSelectedItem, getCount() - 1), 0);
                    startScroll(getXByPosition(newSelectedItem));
                }
            }
            onStateChange(newSelectedItem);
            mVelocityTracker = null;
            onClickDownPosition = -1;
            return true;
        }
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

1.4 保存狀態

當手機屏幕方向轉換或者內存不足等情況下, 視圖會重新加載,這樣就會導致狀態丟失。使用onSaveInstanceStateonRestoreInstanceState方法保存並恢復狀態。

    @Override
    public Parcelable onSaveInstanceState() {
        Parcelable parcelable = super.onSaveInstanceState();
        SelectedItemState pullToLoadState = new SelectedItemState(parcelable);
        pullToLoadState.setSelectedItem(selectedItem);
        return pullToLoadState;
    }

    @Override
    public void onRestoreInstanceState(Parcelable state) {
        if(!(state instanceof SelectedItemState))
            return;
        SelectedItemState pullToLoadState = ((SelectedItemState)state);
        super.onRestoreInstanceState(pullToLoadState.getSuperState());
        selectedItem = pullToLoadState.getSelectedItem();
        invalidate();
    }

想要學習的同學,建議還是直接看項目源碼。項目源碼地址:https://github.com/danledian/SegmentedControl

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