鹅厂这个穷得成本精确到0.01元的微团队，怎么利用IoT与云原生监测大气质量的？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一、鹅民大气监测项目简介"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在物联网和微团队之间如果加入了云能够做到什么事情？关于这个点，首先我们来看一个真实具体的案例。如下图所示，这个项目是腾讯内部发起的公益项目：鹅民大气监测项目，核心人员只有5个人，其他的都是相关的志愿者和参与者。5个人的团队是一个非常典型的微小团队，我们这样一个团队做成了什么事情呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/ef\/efd96ef70853fa67d294f97089b87db9.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"关于这个项目的起源，先来看一组数据。如下图所示，这是2019年中国生态环境公报的摘要，2019年有337个城市进入了大气质量分析中，其中真正达标的城市数量只有46.6%，不到一半。在这些城市当中，如果按天数来计算的话，20%的时间是处在污染情况下的，并且PM2.5是主要污染物。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/21\/21f744a271ba2be36d0f41eb2b8e8129.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然后我们进一步，看一个真实的事件，今年年初3月份京津冀区域大气污染过程的分析，这个报告发布在中国生态环境部的官网，因为这次事件是短时重度污染，所以大家关注度比较高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/80\/809e6118aa03c29a82b971dcf34b97fa.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于这些情况，生态环境部近期发布了文件：2020-2021秋冬季大气污染综合治理方案征求意见稿。第一部分覆盖了京津冀，第二部分覆盖了长三角。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/35\/35a46b5ca4c2df5e81c067542ac3dd30.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么长三角和京津冀都看完了，大家可能会比较关注珠三角是什么样子呢？我们来看一下深圳有什么样的相关信息可以提供给大家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中国天气网是隶属于中国气象局的公共气象服务中心，从中国天气网发布的信息来看：深圳有11个监测点，每个监测点每小时会上报数据告诉大家上一个小时的空气质量是怎样的。这里我们可以算一笔账，深圳有2000平方公里，分为11个监测点，每小时同步一次，一共每天上报264次。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7a\/7a75bdf4a08614cfe1382f59a50ca20a.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们团队发现，如果有民众很关注空气质量，非常想了解空气对自身的影响，但是却没有办法拿到实时的数据。那么是否能利用云来快速实现这样的能力，帮助我们发现身边的空气事件呢？另外，中国天气网这个项目虽然符合国家标准，但是没有办法反映具体小区的环境情况，于是我们的项目机会就这样诞生了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二、项目一期：原型"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"项目一期我们要做的是原型，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"做原型的时候需要关注两个点：第一个是快速实现；第二个是能力验证"},{"type":"text","text":"。这是小微企业面临的第一个风险，是否能用很短的时间、很小的成本来验证自己想做的方向或这个点是否能真的产生价值？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"小微企业不像大企业，没办法频繁试错还可以活得很好，每一次投入都必须要有产出，如何快速验证就是关键点。原型期我们团队同样面临这样的问题，我们只有5个人，而且是利用自己业余的时间，所以我们决定先快速跑起来。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先来看一下我们的架构组成，如下图所示，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主要分为三个部分：采集、处理和展示"},{"type":"text","text":"，它实现的效果是把监测到的数据传递到最终的用户。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/e4\/e454c47df61b28d54b697c5b5045c219.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们分成了架构层和实现层。在采集这里，监测节点层是用腾讯云兼容硬件，软件用的是TencentOS Tiny，这是腾讯开源的物联网操作系统，成熟度比较高。监测节点拿到的数据通过接入网关层，然后传到平台接入层，也就是物联网开发平台IoT Explorer。到这里为止数据已经上云了，使用TencentOS Tiny很容易就能把你的数据传递上云。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上云以后进入到第二个环节，这也是很多物联网团队不太擅长的环节，就是如何在云上进行处理和深加工。在处理的过程有三个组成部分：使用腾讯云API网关帮我们做鉴权；通过云函数把数据写到数据库里；最后通过腾讯云图直接展示数据。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最开始的原型设计，我们投入了3个人，用了20人时就完成了整个系统从设计到上线。具体来说就是一个人干两天活基本上就干完了，这个成本是大多数的微团队能够承受的。一期的案例我们也已经把它放到云+社区上了，后续大家可以在云+社区上阅读相关文章看看是怎么操作和实现的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大家可以看到，在架构设计当中，云产品基本贯穿了始终，但是在接入网关层面却没有云产品，这是为什么呢？这是因为我们使用了腾讯云Lora社区网络。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这个社区网络于2019年12月份发布，由开发者共建。如果你使用了Lora终端，只要你的设备在网络覆盖范围内，设备配置好并上电，数据就可以上报，这样开发部署的成本降低非常多。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/1f\/1f01035c0255f8822e12507fccf85867.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"   "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么我们一期的原型究竟做出的效果怎么样呢？如下图所示，我们使用了腾讯云图这个产品，用来展现系统的WEB界面图，上面包含了地图组件等各种信息。看起来也许比较复杂，但因为都是组件拖拽式，所以本身开发的成本非常低。配置5分钟，调试了大概15分钟基本就搞定了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/44\/44402eb1a2e29db691e4a1feedf391a0.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"配套的是我们的一个终端，在做终端的时候为了降低成本，我们使用了现成的开发板。这里使用了TencentOS Tiny+Nucleo Lora开发套件，因为本身的技术比较成熟，TencentOS Tiny跟开发板的适配性也很好，所以开发成本也并不高。到这里我们终端的原型和系统原型就做完了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"   "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么我们做的这个东西是不是真的有用呢？接下来来看一个具体的案例。如下图所示：这是今年4月3日，我们5个节点监测到的数据。大家可以看到每个节点的数据都是上升又下降，但是它们的时间点并不相同。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/d6\/d61856b459a98719830116517ce9c691.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从我们节点分布来看，呈现了西侧先上升下降，东侧后上升下降的过程，于是我们就猜测：是否有一个移动的污染源进入了深圳？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为了验证这个猜想我们做了几个动作：第一步就是去看中国气象局的数据。虽然它是按每小时发布的，但是可以看到数据指标是上升的，说明这个事件是真实存在的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/f4\/f489221aebdf473c0aae929401d3ae89.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"紧接着再看其他地区的情况，这里我们并没有找到一个官方的带地图的数据，而是使用了第三方的数据，来源是AQICN，是一个总部在北京的全球化组织，向全球的使用者提供大气质量监测的具体数据和情况。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/d8\/d888428725969bf2db255676c6a06838.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从这里也看到呈现了明显的西高东低的情况，符合扩散的基本原则要求，这和我们的监测数据基本一致。接着我们分析了地形，污染气团可以从很多方向过来，为什么结果是自西向东，而不是自南向北或者其他情况呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后发现，原来是深圳附近的山太多了，如果污染源真的是自西向东来的话，被山阻隔以后只有一个通道，就是通过珠江通道而来。但我们的数据源比较少，所以说这只是一个猜测，并不是绝对准确的信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/f5\/f5a35d5ed8476550634f3643c8e5a9d7.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但到此为止已经可以发现：我们的监测数据真的产生了效果！为什么？因为我们每15秒就会上报一个信息，这个频率能够帮我们发现这个趋势，发现一个正在移动的污染气团，这证明了我们的原型是有价值的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"   "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同样的事件不只发生一次，如下图所示，这是今年2月2日的另一个案例。这个案例持续的时间比较长，总共10个小时，分为2个波段，也可以看到明显的上升下降的动作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/86\/8668cffc1f05e63bec88859aaafcd43c.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"到此为止，我们的原型基本达到设计之初所要的效果，接下来我们要做的事情就是把覆盖面扩大，点数增加，提供更多的数据，做更深度的分析。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三、项目二期：拓展"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二期的主要目标是拓展，具体包括两个部分：一个是规模运营，一个是数据容灾。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/80\/80759bbb535ebc495c10a225be1cc237.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如上图所示，架构这里我们有几个动作，首先我们把中间件层的网关放到了核心环节，所有的东西都要经过它，核心是为了保护我们的数据库。毕竟云图对数据库带来的压力是不可控的，而经过中间件的API网关和中间件，可以保证我们系统的健壮性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二部分是我们增加了两个环节，在原有数据库的基础上先是增加了一个对象存储做备份，另外又增加了一个异地数据库帮我们做异地容灾和备份。这样的好处是主数据库用来做实时的查询和入库，从数据库做长时间的大数据量的分析，这样就避免了压力导致数据库崩溃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为什么要这样做呢？主要是因为我们这个团队太穷了，我们没有钱，只能买最便宜的数据库，再通过架构的方式去优化它。如果大家的团队资金可行的话，云数据库可以有多种选型：单机、双机高可用、三机三地容灾，都可以选用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二期的架构和逻辑，包括源码，我们都已经开放出来了，大家也可以到云+社区查看相关的帖子，其中包含源码链接，看看我们具体是怎么实现的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二期阶段我们的节点从5个变成27个，覆盖度有了较高的增长。另外我们优化了终端，如下图所示，第二期的终端我们用的是TencentOS 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项目选型"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"项目选型关注的是产品要素，也就是价值。主要看用户、市场，和同业，这里为什么没有写竞品呢？因为我们不是盈利性的项目，更多是为了传播技术理念，想跟大家交流，所以用的词是同业。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/19\/1941ec49815fc7e1f8842f5ec27f2f7c.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用户能证明你的东西是否真的有价值，人家是否真的需要你的产品。市场是决定有多少人用，有多少人愿意关注。同业是同行业里其他的产品，它们能够佐证你的这个产品价值的深度在哪里。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大家现在能够拿到的每小时，甚至每秒钟的实时数据就是我们提供的价值。这三个要素综合起来就决定了我们当时立项的重点，最后我们决定把人力、时间和资源投入到这个项目当中来，所以这个项目才会真正启动。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 风险管理"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/cf\/cf9928fd4cff240307878e70b27b150e.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"  "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下来是风险管理，也就是技术要素。这里需要关注的两个字就是“生存”，微团队最大的问题就是：不可能停下来完全做一个理想的事情。怎么在自己已有工作不受影响的情况下能够做新的尝试和探索呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"答案就在于质量、效率和成本。质量代表你的功能，你的功能要有价值，这个产品才会有价值，如果你的功能根本达不到要求，就算投入1块钱也是损耗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二个是效率，代表着你究竟能够多快地解决这个问题。一个小团队如果花了3个月才能做出一个东西，那么这个小团队就会面临很严峻的生存问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三个是成本，就是如何低成本做事情，我们这里是一个公益性的项目，也不打算挣钱，控制成本就是我们非常关注的点。而对于一些真正商业性质的微团队，你的成本越低则后续的收益就会越大。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这三个点结合起来就决定了我们的原型要通过云原生来做，最后效果也是达到了我们的预期：人数少、时间短、成本低。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. 持续运营"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/f4\/f4506b78bd4ba225b05ce94083f03693.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后是持续运营，也就是成长。这里也有三个词要分享：时机、渠道和伙伴。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"时机指的就是事件运营，很多东西即使你知道它是对的，但是当用户没有设身处地的感觉的时候是没有办法感同身受的。所以我们的项目运营时间基本放在秋冬季，大家可以很明确感受到空气是好还是坏，关注点就会不一样。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二个是渠道，也就是从哪里传播运营出去。大家知道微团队重要的是利用产业链的生态和能力，而不是仅仅做好自己，如何让更多人看到你是非常重要的点。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三个是伙伴，指的是你生态链上的合作者，他们决定了你的整体交付能力和空间。结合实际，渠道和伙伴，最后我们的项目团队选择了和云+社区合作，我们在社区上面开设专栏、阅读清单，发布我们每一期的文章，让大家看到我们正在做什么，以及把我们的能力提供出去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通过云+社区这个平台很多人知道了我们的项目，目前无论是消防类的项目，还是智能IoT硬件的项目很多也都是从云+社区带过来的。所以渠道和伙伴对微团队非常重要，大家看到你，你就可以闪光。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"念念不忘必有回响，不忘初心方得始终。微团队做事情还是要给行业和客户带来价值。如何让自己更快、更便宜、更直接地产生价值就是我们微团队始终关注的点。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后放出一些合作的空间和入口，首先是我的本职工作的联合创新实验室，如果大家想成为腾讯云的合作伙伴，并且和腾讯云共同共建方案的话可以联系我们，这里有一个调研单的入口，大家可以填相关信息，后续会有相关人员回复大家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二个是社区共建，也就是云+社区。微团队最重要的是让大家看到你，希望大家在云+社区上发表更多的文章，和不同的人、不同的团队有更多的交流。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三个是TencentOS Tiny交流群，TencentOS Tiny的价值非常大，它帮你把上云的通路都打通了，如果想做IoT ， TencentOS Tiny是第一个点。在这个交流群里有官方的同学答疑和回复，大家可以加群和我们一起讨论。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"horizontalrule"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"头图：Unsplash"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：高树磊"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/xN7w5ss5ZQkwSDsKgenBow"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文：鹅厂这个穷得成本精确到0.01元的微团队，怎么利用IoT与云原生监测大气质量的？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"来源：云加社区 - 微信公众号 [ID：QcloudCommunity]"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"转载：著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}