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"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"很高兴谷歌终于限制了Chrome中的第三方cookie，但它最不应该做的就是引入新的跟踪技术。FLoC本身也存在隐私问题，它很可能会继续对定向广告造成歧视和其他危害。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"EFF认为浏览器开发者应该专注于提供隐私、对用户友好的服务，而不是一味迎合广告主的兴趣。我们应该想象一个更美好的未来：没有针对性广告带来的危害，也没有谷歌的FLoC。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"隐私搜索引擎 DuckDuckGo 则直接先更新了面向 Chrome 浏览器用户的 Privacy Essentials 扩展程序，以阻止谷歌新推出的基于 FLoC 的跟踪方法。GitHub也在近日宣布在所有GitHub Pages网站上推出了一个神秘的HTTP标头，此标头（现在由GitHub网站返回）实际上是供网站所有者选择退出Google FLoC跟踪的。此外，同样使用 Chromium 内核的 Brave、Vivaldi、Microsoft Edge 等浏览器开发商都不愿为其提供支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"苹果 Safari 等浏览器完全禁用了第三方 Cookie，GitHub 宣布从 GitHub 网站删除了所有非必要的 Cookie banner，Adobe也推出可替代第三方Cookie的软件。在禁止一些Cookie的同时，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#5a5a5a","name":"user"}}],"text":"巨头们也开始建立自己的信息收集标准来彻底取代Cookie，但这还需要一定的时间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"根据Google的说法，FLoC技术在现阶段具有Cookie追踪95%的成效，广告商可以获得和使用Cookie追踪相同的投资回报（Return on Investment，ROI）。但对广告主而言，FLoC产生的群组还不够灵活和精细，广告主若想判断该群组对一件具体商品的兴趣度依旧很难。广告公司Criteo SA高管表示为FLoC做准备，但不确定在收入上会带来什么影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"随着数字隐私受到越来越多的关注，Cookie时代也迈入了后半程。如何在尽量不损害各方利益情况下取代 Cookie 是摆在企业面前一个很现实的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/deeplinks\/2021\/03\/google-testing-its-controversial-new-ad-targeting-tech-millions-browsers-heres","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/deeplinks\/2021\/03\/google-testing-its-controversial-new-ad-targeting-tech-millions-browsers-heres"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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新技术刚测试就被全行业禁用，谷歌“杀死”Cookies真能重写规则吗？
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"从 17 年至19年底， Google 面临的罚款总额已经超过 93 亿欧元，其中一大原因便是侵犯用户数据隐私。迫于巨大压力，Google Chrome 团队在去年宣布，计划在未来两到三年内，分阶段淘汰 Chrome 浏览器上对第三方 Cookie 的支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今年3 月，Chrome 浏览器上的第三方 Cookie 已经正式终结。近日，谷歌在Chrome浏览器上测试了其新的数据追踪技术FLoC（Federated Learning of Cohorts, 联邦队列学习）。计划虽然在进行，但却不像Google 想的那样顺利。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"几乎被全行业反对"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"FLoC是谷歌“隐私沙盒”计划的一部分，旨在取代基于第三方 Cookie 的广告追踪技术，主要通过浏览器的机器学习来记录用户的浏览记录。与 Cookie 不同的是，FLoC技术会根据用户的浏览习惯将其分为不同的“同类兴趣群组”，广告主便可将广告投入到这个组中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不仅仅是谷歌，其他几家广告商也在转向类似的联邦学习群组。Facebook和Twitter都在自己的生态系统内寻找类似的FLoC定位方法。对于社交平台来说，这并不是特别重要，因为这些平台上的广告投放通常也是以类似“分组”方式进行的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/4f\/ff\/4f9f9a126169de43185848434fa866ff.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"去Cookie的同时，谷歌引入了看起来技术更复杂、更隐私的新技术，但该技术方案几乎遭到了全行业的反对。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/amifloced.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"电子前沿基金会（EFF）"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"直接发文表示："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"很高兴谷歌终于限制了Chrome中的第三方cookie，但它最不应该做的就是引入新的跟踪技术。FLoC本身也存在隐私问题，它很可能会继续对定向广告造成歧视和其他危害。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"EFF认为浏览器开发者应该专注于提供隐私、对用户友好的服务，而不是一味迎合广告主的兴趣。我们应该想象一个更美好的未来：没有针对性广告带来的危害，也没有谷歌的FLoC。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"隐私搜索引擎 DuckDuckGo 则直接先更新了面向 Chrome 浏览器用户的 Privacy Essentials 扩展程序，以阻止谷歌新推出的基于 FLoC 的跟踪方法。GitHub也在近日宣布在所有GitHub Pages网站上推出了一个神秘的HTTP标头，此标头（现在由GitHub网站返回）实际上是供网站所有者选择退出Google FLoC跟踪的。此外，同样使用 Chromium 内核的 Brave、Vivaldi、Microsoft Edge 等浏览器开发商都不愿为其提供支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Brave发言人指出，问题不在FLoC本身，而是多个数据源的组合。FLoC通过添加重要的指纹识别表面，增加了用户在不同网站、个人资料和浏览会话中被识别的风险。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"浏览器指纹是一种能够从某人的浏览器中获取单独的信息片段，并将其构建为特定人的可靠标识符的能力。用户的浏览行为越独特，就越容易被指纹识别，也越容易暴露自己。用户的队列ID只是另一个数据点，帮助算法更好地理解用户。而据EFF调查，实时版本的FLoC已产生33,872个队列，比Google的首次实验多了100倍。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"DuckDuckGo公关副总裁Kamyl Bazbaz也表示，这种分类机制的最终结果就是会形成“超级追踪器”，这比许多网站在使用的Google Analytics（Google的网站分析网站）更为恐怖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"此外，FLoC已经是对人们浏览行为数据进行“事实上”的处理，这个行为是否符合法律规范还有待商榷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"德国汉堡数据保护专员约翰内斯·卡斯帕（Johannes Caspar）表示，“FLoC技术触犯了GDPR（欧盟"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"《通用数据保护条例》"},{"type":"text","text":"）中要求的几个问题，使用FLoCs可以被看作是处理个人数据的行为，而这需要当事人的同意，企业也要提供关于这些操作清晰和透明的信息”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"这也是为什么谷歌没有选择在欧洲进行测试，因为他们也非常清楚FLoC与GDPR的潜在冲突之处。谷歌Chrome产品经理Marshall Vale对此表示，欧盟的隐私法为用户信息的透明度和控制制定了很高的标准，这也是我们为FLoC设想的。“数据保护机构的投入是做好这项工作的关键，这是我们已经开始就这项技术与监管部门进行早期对话的原因。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"根据"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/chrome\/privacy-sustainability-and-the-importance-of-and\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Google"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"的说法，该测试是在澳大利亚、巴西、加拿大、印度、印度尼西亚、日本、墨西哥、新西兰、菲律宾和美国等地0.5％的用户中进行。数千万用户将在不知情的情况下被纳入试验，也没有选择退出的简单方法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"法国数据监管机构国家信息与自由委员会（CNIL）一位发言人表示将“特别关注”该技术，因为它可能需要访问已经存储在人们设备上的信息。CNIL明确表示，部署这种系统需要用户用户知情，并得到其具体、明确的同意。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隐私“外衣”下的控制权争夺？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"尽管Google多次强调要保护用户隐私，但几乎没有人承认这点。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Google的隐私政策只禁止第三方cookies，但第一方cookies，包括Google自己的Gmail、Youtube和Chrome上的cookie，则不在受限范围内。名为保护用户隐私，但实际上是不是在将“隐私”掌控在自己手中？这是备受争议的一点。事实上，第三方Cookie并不是企业投放广告的唯一方式，收集第一方数据的公司可能做出更精准的投放。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“现在认为Google已成为亲消费者的隐私公司还为时过早。”营销企业PreciseTarget创始人Rob McGovern评论道。除了继续使用第一方Cookie来跟踪消费者之外，Google还将继续在Android上跟踪消费者位置。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"值得注意的是，当Google表示不会从Gmail，照片和云端硬盘等Google应用中收集数据时，这份名单中并没有Chrome。Chrome浏览器仍然是Google用来收集消费者数据的重要工具。而根据StatCounter公布的数据，Chrome是4月份唯一一个保持增长的浏览器，份额达到了 67.55%。苹果Safari 浏览器降到了 9.85%，微软 Edge 浏览器降到了 7.96%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“Google在其所有应用程序上使用的第一方Cookie，正在成为一种难以置信的强大跟踪资产。”McGovern表示。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"尽管Google一直在提倡减少网上跟踪消费者，但其并未采取任何措施阻止开发人员通过Android应用程序执行相同的操作。这与苹果在隐私保护上的做法并不一致。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"苹果推出了 App Tracking Transparency 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"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当然也有反对的声音。Facebook和其他公司指责苹果在后台发展自己的营销业务时妨碍了数字广告竞争对手。但苹果并没有遭到像Google那样的几乎全行业反对。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"反观现在的安卓手机用户，位置信息等仍在被收集。Google也只是宣布，将在Google Play程序中设立新的安全区，让用户可以看到开发者收集并分享了什么数据，并告知更多安全及隐私信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"苹果 Safari 等浏览器完全禁用了第三方 Cookie，GitHub 宣布从 GitHub 网站删除了所有非必要的 Cookie banner，Adobe也推出可替代第三方Cookie的软件。在禁止一些Cookie的同时，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#5a5a5a","name":"user"}}],"text":"巨头们也开始建立自己的信息收集标准来彻底取代Cookie，但这还需要一定的时间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"根据Google的说法，FLoC技术在现阶段具有Cookie追踪95%的成效，广告商可以获得和使用Cookie追踪相同的投资回报（Return on Investment，ROI）。但对广告主而言，FLoC产生的群组还不够灵活和精细，广告主若想判断该群组对一件具体商品的兴趣度依旧很难。广告公司Criteo SA高管表示为FLoC做准备，但不确定在收入上会带来什么影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"随着数字隐私受到越来越多的关注，Cookie时代也迈入了后半程。如何在尽量不损害各方利益情况下取代 Cookie 是摆在企业面前一个很现实的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"参考链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/deeplinks\/2021\/03\/google-testing-its-controversial-new-ad-targeting-tech-millions-browsers-heres","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/deeplinks\/2021\/03\/google-testing-its-controversial-new-ad-targeting-tech-millions-browsers-heres"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.cmswire.com\/digital-marketing\/how-apple-and-googles-tracking-rules-are-impacting-advertisers-and-marketers\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.cmswire.com\/digital-marketing\/how-apple-and-googles-tracking-rules-are-impacting-advertisers-and-marketers\/"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}
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