专访网易汪源--云原生时代的数字化转型之道

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所谓数字化转型是用数字化技术来开创新的商业模式。与之相对应的是，信息化没有提到过创造新的商业模式，仅强调将物理世界映射到数字世界。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2019年9月，阿里巴巴以20亿美元正式收购网易考拉，并将品牌更名为“考拉海购”，一时成为网友热议的话题，跨境电商也随之愈发火热。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"跨境电商除了商业层面与本土电商有较大差异，技术架构层面也较纯国内电商难。成立于2015年的网易考拉，2019年用户量已超过500万，市场份额高居国内跨境电商公司之首，除了商业上的成功之外，其背后的技术架构也逐渐成为后来者学习借鉴的对象。而这一切，离不开网易研究院的参与，正如网易研究院院长汪源所说“网易考拉是网易第一个全面容器化的业务，实践证明，这条技术路线取得了巨大成功”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"近期，InfoQ 上海站的 Arch Summit 大会邀请了网易杭州研究院院长汪源出席演讲。小编趁此机会做了主题为“云原生时代的数字化转型之道”的专访，一窥互联网巨头的数字化转型方法论与实践探索。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"以下是访谈内容整理，分享给大家，Enjoy～"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从网易考拉到网易云音乐，云原生操作系统在网易内部的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：以前您提到过云原生操作系统的一大关键是使得软件定义基础设施的优势更好发挥。这与以往的SDN（软件定义网络），SDH（软件定义硬件）有什么区别？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：他们之间是衔接关系。简单来说，云原生操作系统的作用是充分地调用软件定义了的存储、网络和计算资源。现在很多云厂商和传统厂商都会提供很多开放接口，这些开放接口的背后就是众多资源。这些资源先通过软件定义，形成所谓的SDN、SDS等，然后对外通过API的形式开放给大家使用；与此同时，这些SDN、SDS本身并不知道如何管控资源，需要有一个操作系统来统一地调度管理，以将对应资源与业务需求对接起来。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"                                                                                                                                   "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：企业构建云原生操作系统有哪些难点和注意事项？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：我说的云原生操作系统是一个分布式操作系统，通常包含多个数据中心。这些数据中心有的在自己公司，有的在公有云上，有的在国外，云原生操作系统能将所有资源统一整合调度。做这件事主要有两大难点，一个是操作系统本身的能力要强，能支持管理所有技术，包括云上和云下。同时操作系统的性能和稳定性要做的好，系统间的资源需要有很好的隔离性。第二个是能支持各种来源和种类的负载，包括来自数据库、中间件，和属于大数据、机器学习算法的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：云原生在网易内部都有哪些优秀实践？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：网易最早进行全面容器化的业务是考拉，后来卖给阿里了。现在全面容器化的有网易门户，网易严选；另外网易云音乐有大概1\/3容器化了。这些业务上云的驱动因素各不相同，网易云音乐是为了提高业务出海的效率，当业务出海之后，需要在AWS上重新搭建基础架构，此时利用云原生架构就能坚固云上和云下，做到使用体验完全一致。而传媒是为了降本增效，他们过去两年通过大规模的混布，容器化将资源上云，IT成本降低了一半。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：您认为什么样的企业适合构建云原生体系？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：业务面向众多消费者或者面向大量小B的企业比较适合云原生架构。首先这样的企业对弹性的需求比较高，很多情况下做一次营销流量就可能暴涨。同时由于这类企业发展曲线比较陡峭，2C业务今年有100万用户，明年可能就变成500万，产品往往需要快速迭代，对架构的敏捷性要求很高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当然了，有的企业可能只有内部ERP或者OA系统，那么搭建云原生架构的意义就不大，因为流量不会暴涨，也不需要，不能经常迭代系统。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"向数字化转型发问，信息化与数字化是两件事"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：如今数字化转型逐渐步入深水区，很多传统企业开始拥抱数字化。在您看来数字化转型与过去的信息化有什么区别和联系？数字化与信息化相比有哪些优势？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：业界现在有一个影响力很大的数字化转型标准定义：所谓数字化转型是用数字化技术来开创新的商业模式。与之相对应的是，信息化没有提到过创造新的商业模式，仅强调将物理世界映射到数字世界。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"换句话说，我认为数字化和信息化是两件事情，二者的目标就不一样。数字化的目标是开创新的商业模式，信息化的目标是降本增效。一个企业可能数字化程度很高了，但也得继续做信息化的事情。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"因此，我认为信息化会始终存在，因为企业始终需要不断优化内部的管理、流程。而不是说我做了数字化，信息化就不需要了，二者的目标不一样。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那么所谓新的商业模式，核心包含价值产生、传递、支撑和实现四要素。对应到数字化转型来说，价值产生的基础是提供数字化的产品和服务；价值传递需要通过数字化营销，渠道，市场来完成；价值支撑需要构建基础的技术支撑平台，然后利用数字化能力去组织企业资源，包括人力，财务等等。最后价值实现体现在企业财务方面，比如收入，利润等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"我们把四要素再次抽象，提炼出两个核心能力，一个叫软件定义，一个叫数字智能。我们认为数字化的产品和服务说的就是软件，而数字化营销，数字化的价值传递，都需要通过软件完成。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"一个企业要做好数字化转型，关键就是软件定义得到的数据智能，当然，我们还提出软件定义的基础设施，其载体就是云原生的操作系统，这在今天的会议上有详细阐述。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中台之殇：中台本身并不产生价值"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：现在很多企业做数字化转型都会构建中台，这个概念在业界也炒的特别火。但我们看到好多公司做了中台之后，要么ROI特别差，要么根本不知道什么时候才能有效果，您怎么看这个事情？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：我觉得很多人没有理解中台就开始构建，所以才会导致这样的结果。中台本身不是直接面向前端的，中台要产生价值，就必须去支持很多真正有产出的前台，也就是说，前台、中台、后台，是相互支撑的关系。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"一个好的中台并不是直接面向用户，管理层，或者分析的业务人员的，因此，它本身并不能产出价值。现实中我们看到，有些企业它本来没有前台，还非得去搞个中台，那当然就没有收益了。反之，有很多企业原来只有后台，例如ERP，财务等等，然后想把这些应用做一个大综合，构建一个平台。可问题在于依旧缺少前台。他们或许会做一点前台的试点应用，可由于规模太小，产生不了明显价值，同时中台构建很重，投入也很大。就显得很不合理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：那么企业如果没有足够多的前台应用，是不是就无法通过构建中台产生价值了呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：其实在生产实践中，如果要真正要发挥中台的效益，我们会选择帮客户做好数据中台，再做好数据产品（形成前台），最后中台跟前台配套，才会有效益。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从K8s 开始，网易定位于基础软件提供商"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：云原生助力企业数字化转型这条路，您觉得现在还有什么比较难突破的吗？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：云原生的技术路线基本上已经摸清楚了，可操作性很强，网易内部也有比较多的应用。同时在外部比如银行业也达成了合作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"我们认为云原生这类核心基于K8S的平台，会是接下来至少十年的主流平台，但目前整套技术体系还不是特别完善，尤其是非互联网行业，比如银行，能源，由于Know-How不够多，碰到一些问题还是没有一个达成共识的解决方案，比如传统企业要上云，需要上混合云，又需要多种负载，到底怎么解决？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：针对这些难题，网易做了哪些探索和实践，您能简单介绍一下吗？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：当时比较麻烦的几个事情，一个是大数据平台能不能做到存算分离，一个是在YAM这个基础调度框架下，大数据的体系架构能不能很好地跑在K8s上，换句话说，YAM和K8s 如何能很好地融合？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"我们当时院里有一个Spark的Committer，让他带头解决这个问题，当时在内部给这个项目取名叫QB。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"另一个比较复杂的事情是 Service Mesh的采用。首先不确定EStudio这个技术能不能在未来十年都是Service Mesh的主流开源技术，原因是它一直没有成为一个开源基金会主导的技术。同时，这个技术是比较复杂的，现在网易严选，传媒都在大规模使用，但一开始这个技术的探索还是花了很多时间，因为他的门槛还是比较高的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"主持人：未来在商业化，还有技术层面还有哪些比较明确的计划？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"汪源：我们商业化的主题一个叫青州，一个叫有数。前一个是云原生中间件这套技术栈。后一个是面向数据智能的技术栈，这是我们商业化的主体。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"此外，我们在市场上的定位是比较独特的。市场上几家公有云的巨头如阿里、华为、腾讯主要提供基础设施，包括一开始的公有云和现在的专有云。而我们主要提供基础软件。那么对于客户来说，基础设施我绝对不会只用一家，否则我会被强行绑定。于是在多家公有云上客户就需要有一个基础软件，这个软件就是我们来做。"}]}]}