DevOps 2021 七大趨勢：市場規模將激增50億美元，DevOps 進入新十年

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你聽說過 IDC 最近對 DevOps 的預測嗎？這項研究顯示，到 2022 年，DevOps 的市場規模預計將從 29 億美元增至 80 億美元！據專家說，這將爲開發者和用戶帶來更多的好處，從而在新的十年裏成爲主流。由於 DevOps 效率高，實施快，因此現在越來越多的組織將其應用於各個層次。這一切都已經開始重塑軟件的世界，毫無疑問，2021 年將會比前幾年更大、更好。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那麼，2021 年的主要趨勢如何？我們認爲這七個 DevOps 趨勢將在現在以及不久後佔據先機。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"人工智能的崛起"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"手工測試將不再是一天中的例行慣例，這一時代已經不遠了。當人工智能與 DevOps 自動化相結合時，流程執行方式發生了變化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"人工智能利用日誌和活動報告來預測代碼執行情況。在使用人工智能的能力時，自動化驗收測試、實施測試以及功能測試對於組織來說就更容易了。所以，軟件發佈過程變得越來越完美，越來越高效，越來越迅速，因爲持續交付是有保證的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據最近的專家預測，隨着人工智能驅動的應用程序的不斷增加，工作流中將會出現越來越多的 DevOps 理念。DevOps 將成爲管理多個生產鏈模型的測試和維護的首選方案。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 DevOps 中使用無服務器計算"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DevOps 可以通過無服務器計算來達到新的水平。這類應用依賴於稱爲 BaaS（Backend as a Service，後端即服務）的第三方服務，或者依賴於在臨時容器內運行的稱爲 FaaS（Function as a Service，函數即服務）的定製代碼。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"無服務器是指運行系統的公司或個人不必租用或購買運行後端代碼的虛擬機。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"無服務器計算的主要優勢在於，它允許開發者可以自由地專注於應用程序的開發方面，而不需要考慮其他事情。無須升級現有服務器，也能快速、方便地部署。這將需要更少的時間，也不需要花費一分錢。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"利用 DevSecOps 控制安全漏洞"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分 DevOps 公司都在轉向 DevSecOps，這是因爲最近與安全漏洞相關事件增多。IT 公司將 DevSecOps 視爲衆多 DevOps 最佳實踐之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"將 DevSecOps 視爲一種應用安全的方式，從一開始就在代碼的各個方面構建了安全性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在開發期間採取的安全措施將導致在此過程中加強合作。這樣做會使該過程更加高效、更無錯誤、更有效。預期今後幾年將有更多的人採用 DevSecOps。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通過提高自動化程度來節省時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"快速檢測錯誤，增強安全性，節省時間：自動化可以提供所有這些功能以及更多。這樣，整個軟件開發週期就不再需要手工作業。毫無疑問，工業化將在 2021 年扮演重要角色。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以，DevOps 有六個特性，它們是："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續優化和反饋"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續檢測"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續部署和發佈"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續測試"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"協作開發"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續的業務計劃"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在未來幾年裏，必須與這些組件中的每一個進行整合，以提高工作效率。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所選容器爲 Kubernetes"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Kubernetes 在 2019 年獲得了巨大的成功，而且這一優勢將持續到 2021 年以及以後。有些寶貴的特性和改進的經驗使得開發者比其他人更加依賴 Kubernetes。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Kubernetes 爲業務提供了擴展性、可移植性和自動化，這也是爲什麼 Kubernetes 被認爲是最好的容器技術之一。Kubernetes 將在未來幾年提供新的、更好的特性，支持在不同環境中可靠、高效的分佈式工作負載。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Golang 日益流行"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與 Kubernetes、Docker、Helm 和 Etcd 一樣，谷歌的 Golang 是一款適合 DevOps 的編程工具。與其他選項相比，它是一種新的語言，但是它非常適合於 DevOps 的目標，比如軟件和應用程序的可移植性、模塊化、性能效率和可擴展性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"YouTube、Dropbox、蘋果、Twitter 和 Uber 等領先品牌都採用了這種基於雲的編程語言進行開發。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在谷歌的支持和 DevOps 的理念下，Golang 的前景看起來非常光明。DevOps 團隊已經開始使用它了，或者正在計劃近期進行部署。最終，它將有助於組織開發具有高度競爭力的併發應用程序，從而給軟件開發公司帶來精確成果。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於雲的原生 DevOps 的重要性日益增加"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在使用雲原生的 DevOps 時，要確保更好的用戶體驗、更好的轉型和創新管理。這正是自動管理雲服務的配置、監控和部署所需的技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用雲自動化，軟件發佈得更快。這樣，一個光明的未來就在等待基於雲的技術的到來。甲骨文認爲，到 2025 年，80% 的企業工作負載都會轉移到雲端上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外，美國空軍已經接受了雲計算的原則，並採用敏捷的方式來開發在多種雲格式下運行的應用。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"網格服務使用的增長"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通過採用微服務，組織可以獲得一些好處。開發人員使用微服務來提高可移植性，即使這並沒有讓 DevOps 團隊的工作變得更容易。運營商需要管理大型多雲和混合部署。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微服務的出現導致了服務網絡的使用增加，有望降低部署的複雜性。服務網絡提供了對微服務網絡及其相互作用進行觀察和管理的能力。這種構成提供了一個完整的服務視圖。這對 SRE 和 DevOps 開發者滿足端到端認證、訪問控制、金絲雀部署和 A\/B 測試等複雜操作需求非常有用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你將看到採用率和產品的增長，因爲它們是微服務成功運行的關鍵因素。服務網格是企業從單體轉向微服務時必須跨越的十字路口。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"結語"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DevOps 領域正在不斷髮展，未來將是一個好的徵兆。世界各地的組織都在使用它，因爲它爲他們的業務帶來了很多好處。在這種情況下，請保持繼續專注最新的趨勢，因爲當 DevOps 達到新的高度時，它將會拖垮你的業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"作者介紹："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Olivia Cuthbert，技術作家，在 Pixel Crayons 任軟件工程師。居住在印度德里。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.datasciencecentral.com\/profiles\/blogs\/devops-trends-2021-devops-enters-a-new-decade-with-the-hottest-1"}]}]}