数据库在各行各业的应用实践

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"如今，全社会驶入数字化转型快车道，数字生态正在推动着千行百业的变革。作为数字化转型的基石，数据库的重要性不言而喻。数据库更是成为企业的核心资产，运转和增长的驱动引擎，开发、运维等人员几乎每天都在和数据库接触。那么，在数据规模不断增长的今天，不同行业在选择数据库时都有哪些不同的需求？又是如何应用实践的呢？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在这里我认为有必要先了解一下数据库发展的三个时代，正是这三个时代推动了数字化时代。数据库发展的三个时代，成就了三种商业形态，并深入到了各行各业：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"商业数据库时代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：成就了商业软件时代，常应用于传统行业，例如：Oracle、DB2 等；","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"开源数据库时代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：成就了互联网时代，常应用于互联网行业，例如：MySQL、PostgreSQL 等；","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"云（分布式）数据库时代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：是商业和开源、SQL 和 NewSQL 交融的时代，成就了云和数字化时代，例如：OceanBase、TiDB 等。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/d4/d48101b6baea092f31a4cfaa39cb3b16.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 对于以银行为例的金融行业，其业务价值很高，因而对数据库的“高可用、强一致、低延时”的要求较为极致，导致银行逐步从传统商业数据库（如,Oracle）转变到分布式数据；对于互联网教育行业，面对互联网和疫情的冲击，近年来呈现“营收高增长、业务快迭代”的发展特点，MySQL 数据库成为了许多教育行业的最佳选择，同时考虑到成本和便捷性，云数据库的托管形态将会被看好……","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在互联网、数字化时代背景下，传统单一的数据库时代已经过去，对于数据库深入到不同行业，以及新需求在不断的出现，越来越多的企业意识到，采用传统的数据库应对不同需求这种一刀切的方式已经不再奏效。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那么，在这个大时代背景下，不同行业在数据库方面又是如何应用实践的？下面我们举例了一些比较典型的数据库应用实践案例。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开源数据库在平安的应用实践","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"很多像平安这样的传统企业，为了适应传统企业向互联网、数字化转型的潮流，面对不同数据存储需求、不同业务场景，建立自己的数据库研发团队，实现自主可控，持续优化，开源数据库成为首选。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"比如，产险“财神节”活动中使用 TiDB 数据库，25 个节点的集群，使得一个 Transaction 中有多达上百个 SQL 语句，很好的满足了产险秒杀活动的需要；寿险客户管理系统基于平安自研的 DRDS 实现读写分离，把写的负载放在 Oracle，读则是用另外一个数据库集群、另外一个资源来实现，通过客户服务和保单服务，来实现两个 DRDS 的集群，当客户查询的时候，就是去相应的集群上访问查询。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"引入众多开源数据库之后，在平安云上通过 Cloud Database 的方式，对外提供服务。一个方向是现在正在做云数据库容器化的部署，以期望达到更高密度的部署、更强的自愈能力、更容易扩展的价值。另一个方向是更多自研数据库产品，基于这些数据库产品开发出自主可控的数据库，比如基于分布式KV数据库开发出图数据库产品等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"具体实践案例：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MDAxOTk2MQ==&mid=502798101&idx=2&sn=a25856196eec850c2bfe3206512fad9d&chksm=3e478f0309300615255cb45b2895323cfc3ea7a55987d470c9782d333fb9d09aedcbc2b7bdef#rd","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开源数据库在平安的应用实践","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分布式数据库在金融行业的应用实践","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前国内大中型银行主要以国外厂商提供的大型主机和数据库解决方案来进行系统构建。随着互联网金融场景的不断拓展，系统的数据量也会快速增长，甚至有些数据短时间内的数据增长量已经超过过去好多年的积累，当系统的数据量（这里指的是传统关系型数据）增长到一定程度时，单个数据库就很难满足业务的需求。目前以国外大型主机和数据库为核心的架构已无法满足大规模交易和数据处理的需求，而分布式数据库的出现就很好的解决了这些问题。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"分布式数据库，凭借领先的分布式架构，自动跨地域容灾，数据强一致以及自动化运维等特性，在金融行业中得到了很好的应用。对金融服务模式带来重大影响，使得金融行业向数字化、分布式转型成为必然趋势，金融业务创新与科技创新正在相互促进，重塑金融行业系统能力。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"具体实践案例：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ki5Bh8Pdnk3wKGkpr8jY3g","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分布式数据库在光大银行关键业务系统的应用探索","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"……","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"上述举例只是冰山一角，但从中让我们也看到了国产数据库的到来，分布式数据库的蓬勃发展，未来可期。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"数据库在软件行业处于不可动摇的地位，随着各行各业生态的丰富，相信数据库未来将会布局更广，更深，期待未来会有更多企业的数据库应用实践案例供大家解读、参考。","attrs":{}}]}]}