{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 8将在2021年底走完自己的生命周期，这远远早于最初定下的2029年。虽然该消息早在去年12月就已经公布，但不少开发者仍对此感到无所适从。运行CentOS 8 的系统不会一夜之间崩溃，只是从明年年初开始一切安全及其他更新都将不再继续。CentOS项目表示用户应把CentOS Stream作为替代方案，但用户们仍有很多自己的顾虑。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"突如其来的终结"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 起源于CAOS Linux的构建，是一种基于RPM的Linux 发行版，与其上游源Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)兼容，由 Gregory Kurtzer 于 2002 年启动。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2004年5月，CentOS的第一个版本发布，编号为CentOS 2，从RHEL 2.1 AS派生而来。此后，CentOS一直保持新版本的更新迭代。截至2015年12月，CentOS AltArch 7版本可用于IA-32架构、Power ISA，以及ARM架构的ARMv7hl和AArch64变体。2019年9月24日，CentOS 8发布。从该版本开始，CentOS正式支持x86-64、ARM64和POWER8架构。在此期间，CentOS在2014年宣布加入Red Hat，同时独立于RHEL。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/a6\/a61a70818fcfde9b35cab1c86d451677.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#202122","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS产品生命周期"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"按照计划，CentOS 8 将在2029年结束服务，但在2020年12月，Red Hat单方面宣布将在2021年结束对CentOS 8的支持，CentOS 7将作为长期支持版本被支持到其生命周期结束，而其工作的重点也将从CentOS Linux转到CentOS Stream上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"这一消息在当时便引起了轩然大波。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 近年来一直占据主导地位。 2018 年，CentOS 占受访者的 39%，而 Ubuntu 为 35%。CentOS 份额在 2019 年增加到 40%，Ubuntu 仍然位居第二，为 35%。2020 年市场发生了翻天覆地的变化，随着 Ubuntu 上升至 40%，CentOS 下降至 28%。根据"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/w3techs.com\/technologies\/details\/os-linux","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"W3techs"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"数据显示，目前 10.5%的受访者选择CentOS， 选择 Ubuntu 占33.4%，而选择 RHEL的仅0.9%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“CentOS 生命的终结不仅对我们的公司和客户，甚至行业中的几乎所有人都产生了负面影响，”Kurtzer 表示。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在此之前，很多企业基于Red Hat 给出的 10年产品生命周期承诺而选择了CentOS 8。但发布还不到三年，Red Hat便宣布停止支持，这对一直依赖CentOS作为上游的企业产生了很大的影响。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#646464","name":"user"}}],"text":"2020年12月，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/news.fnal.gov\/2020\/12\/joint-cern-fermilab-statement-on-centos-linux\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"欧洲核子中心和费米实验室"}]},{"type":"text","text":"发布联合声明表示，该决定可能对全世界的粒子物理界产生显著影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“CentOS 董事会无法决定 Red Hat 团队的行为。”CentOS 董事会成员 Brian Exelbierd说道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何迁移并不简单"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"随着CentOS 8结束服务日期的临近，展开相关切换工作迫在眉睫。从纯技术层面出发，不少开发者认为转移至CentOS Stream 8才是正确的前进方向，但如何转移却引发了开发者们的强烈讨论。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"有开发者表示，将用户无缝转移至Stream 是最好的办法，“这表明我们有信心让Stream 支持大部分CentOS用例，同时为整个互联网提供有力的保护。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但有不少开发者指出了这种处理方式的问题。开发者Bowen评论道："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我虽然同意，但这毕竟是一次升级。我估计从CentOS Linux 8自动转移至CentOS Stream 8会激起那些认定Stream只是alpha\/beta\/测试\/不完善\/非稳定等其它什么版本的用户们的强烈反对。这种粗暴的处理方式肯定要爆雷。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"从统计数据来看，自从CentOS 8宣布调整生命周期以来，已经有大量用户部署了全新的CentOS系统。但开发者Stephen John Smoogen认为，“尽管目前约45万套CentOS 8系统大部分都能在CentOS Stream上运行良好，但我们并不清楚其中哪些只是无关紧要的广告Web服务器、哪些正控制着得克萨斯州的炼油厂或者水电大坝。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"开发者Josh Boyer表示，实际实践中的问题太多了，比如内核、内部策略合规性或者其他原因，这一切都会在自动迁移过程中造成负面影响。“我们应该鼓励并引导人们转向CentOS Stream，努力整理出易于使用和阅读的工具及文档，但不应该简单粗暴地单方面强制推动迁移。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"而开发者Alex Iribarren担心12月31号准时“拔掉插头”太过匆忙，建议“考虑到那段时间正好是假期，最好是能再延后一个月左右。”CentOS 经理Johnny Hughes也表示，考虑到当时正好是新年假期，最好能推迟计划，并且也不需要额外开发任何安全更新，合理的选择是避过人们居家休息的时间。虽然具体日期还没有确定，但他还是对整个计划提出了自己的构想："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们的目标是，只要RHEL 8.5能在2021年12月31日之前发布，我们就要先导入8.5版本文件、之后删除镜像内的CentOS Linux 8。我们不会在2021年12月31日之后发布的任何RHEL源代码更新添加至CentOS Linux8当中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这个最终版本将至少归档在vault.centos.org\/8.5.xxxx\/（其中xxxx为日期）。当然，如果RHEL 8.5版本实际在2022年1月1号之后才发布，那我们就不再把它纳入CentOS Linux 8。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从2022年1月1日起，直到RHEL 8发布后的CentOS Stream 8五年生命周期（即2024年5月31日）到期止，我们将持续为CentOS Stream 8构建各类新项目。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但Carl George希望能把计划订得更激进一些。他认为Stream实际上就是CentOS 8的延续，所以也许“我们应该让mirrorlist.centos.org继续通过8-stream repo响应相应请求，借此将一切剩余的CentOS Linux 8系统转换为CentOS Stream 8。”这个目标可以在生命周期结束时完成，也可以再适当延后一到三个月。George之所以提出第三个选项，是因为他担心很多用户并不知道CentOS 8生命周期结束、特别是不再发布安全更新这件事，最终有可能导致严重的安全事故。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Fabian Arrotin将CentOS用户分成两类：一类是关注公告且制定了明确计划的用户，另一类则是完全不关心这方面消息的用户。他认为，对于前者，George提出的自动切换选项不会产生多大影响，但对于压根不清楚当前动态、仍然埋头使用陈旧CentOS EOL版本的用户，随着安全漏洞的不断增加，他们还是会被迫转向CentOS Stream 8。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"也有开发者表示，如果某些用户对CentOS Stream不感兴趣，那他们最好的选择是放弃CentOS。“CentOS属于RHEL的直接替代方案，但CentOS Stream在定位上就与此不符。CentOS Stream的核心在于为消费者及发行版建立起合作关系，由消费者对发行版的构建内容做出评估及反馈。如果消费者需要的是永远不出问题、永远不用归档\/跟踪bug、甚至不需要关注版本更新内容的解决方案，那么CentOS Stream显然不是他们的菜。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前，关于CentOS Linux 8 如何迁移CentOS Stream 8的讨论仍在继续。Rich Bowen在发送给CentOS-devel的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/lists.centos.org\/pipermail\/centos-devel\/2021-July\/077098.html","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邮件"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"中建议，“准备好清晰的文档、突出显示要点部分、抱有正确的反响预期。”他在文中概述了将CentOS 8归档至"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/vault.centos.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"vault.centos.org"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 的整个流程。考虑到此次生命周期调整的特殊性，他还广泛征求意见、询问流程中还有哪些部分需要修改。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"还有更多选择"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当然，用户的选择不只是CentOS Stream。作为Red Hat 中止服务的回应，CentOS创始人 Kurtzer创建了新的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/rockylinux.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Rocky Linux"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"项目，来继续CentOS最初的使命。经过7个月的时间，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/forums.rockylinux.org\/t\/community-update-june-2021\/3260","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Rocky Linux 8.4"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 终于在今年6月底发布，该版本支持 x86_64 和 aarch64。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"相对来说，Rocky Linux发布时间是较晚的。Kurtzer表示，除了从零构建、保证全方位性能外，他也在一直想办法将项目留在社区手中，避免CentOS相同的命运。为此，Kurtzer创建了具有“社区章程”的 Rocky 企业软件基金会 (RESF)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不过，上线 72 小时内，Rocky Linux便吸引了 70,000 次下载。其中，谷歌已经开发了一个"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/compute\/docs\/images\/os-details#rocky_linux","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"定制版 Rocky Linux"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 安装在了谷歌计算引擎 (GCE) 上，谷歌是RESF的赞助者之一。另外，微软“作为 RESF 的合作伙伴签约”，也将确保 Rocky Linux 在 Azure 上的可用性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在此之前，CloudLinux在今年3月份也发布了一个新的RHEL衍生产品，名为AlmaLinux。该项目也承诺100%由社区拥有。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"近期，CloudLinux发布了支持Arm\/AArch64 架构的8.4 稳定版。该版本由Arm 协助并且 AWS 在其基于 ARM 的 Graviton VM 实例上进行测试（Rocky 也有可用的 ARM 版本）。据AlmaLinux 基金会成员Simon Phipps介绍，AlmaLinux的优势是，在CloudLinux中，稳定地支持RHEL下游厂商使用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/28\/28153a2e268c5fef69aed23317091cc5.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2021\/03\/30\/alma-linux2.jpg","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AlmaLinux 桌面"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"AlmaLinux也得到了早期采用者的积极评价。虽然其在最近的一份声明中谈到“主镜像站点下载数达万次，而来自世界各地 133 个其他镜像站点的下载数量还未定。”不过据外媒报道，在同一时刻，AlmaLinux 聊天服务器的通用频道中有 203 名成员，而 Rocky Linux 有 5536 名成员。这意味着，AlmaLinux 似乎并没有吸引到如此大的社区。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]}]}
CentOS 8退役倒计时，开发者们又吵起来了
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 8将在2021年底走完自己的生命周期，这远远早于最初定下的2029年。虽然该消息早在去年12月就已经公布，但不少开发者仍对此感到无所适从。运行CentOS 8 的系统不会一夜之间崩溃，只是从明年年初开始一切安全及其他更新都将不再继续。CentOS项目表示用户应把CentOS Stream作为替代方案，但用户们仍有很多自己的顾虑。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"突如其来的终结"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 起源于CAOS Linux的构建，是一种基于RPM的Linux 发行版，与其上游源Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)兼容，由 Gregory Kurtzer 于 2002 年启动。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2004年5月，CentOS的第一个版本发布，编号为CentOS 2，从RHEL 2.1 AS派生而来。此后，CentOS一直保持新版本的更新迭代。截至2015年12月，CentOS AltArch 7版本可用于IA-32架构、Power ISA，以及ARM架构的ARMv7hl和AArch64变体。2019年9月24日，CentOS 8发布。从该版本开始，CentOS正式支持x86-64、ARM64和POWER8架构。在此期间，CentOS在2014年宣布加入Red Hat，同时独立于RHEL。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/a6\/a61a70818fcfde9b35cab1c86d451677.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#202122","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS产品生命周期"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"按照计划，CentOS 8 将在2029年结束服务，但在2020年12月，Red Hat单方面宣布将在2021年结束对CentOS 8的支持，CentOS 7将作为长期支持版本被支持到其生命周期结束，而其工作的重点也将从CentOS Linux转到CentOS Stream上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"这一消息在当时便引起了轩然大波。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CentOS 近年来一直占据主导地位。 2018 年，CentOS 占受访者的 39%，而 Ubuntu 为 35%。CentOS 份额在 2019 年增加到 40%，Ubuntu 仍然位居第二，为 35%。2020 年市场发生了翻天覆地的变化，随着 Ubuntu 上升至 40%，CentOS 下降至 28%。根据"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/w3techs.com\/technologies\/details\/os-linux","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"W3techs"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"数据显示，目前 10.5%的受访者选择CentOS， 选择 Ubuntu 占33.4%，而选择 RHEL的仅0.9%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“CentOS 生命的终结不仅对我们的公司和客户，甚至行业中的几乎所有人都产生了负面影响，”Kurtzer 表示。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在此之前，很多企业基于Red Hat 给出的 10年产品生命周期承诺而选择了CentOS 8。但发布还不到三年，Red Hat便宣布停止支持，这对一直依赖CentOS作为上游的企业产生了很大的影响。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#646464","name":"user"}}],"text":"2020年12月，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/news.fnal.gov\/2020\/12\/joint-cern-fermilab-statement-on-centos-linux\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"欧洲核子中心和费米实验室"}]},{"type":"text","text":"发布联合声明表示，该决定可能对全世界的粒子物理界产生显著影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“CentOS 董事会无法决定 Red Hat 团队的行为。”CentOS 董事会成员 Brian Exelbierd说道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何迁移并不简单"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"随着CentOS 8结束服务日期的临近，展开相关切换工作迫在眉睫。从纯技术层面出发，不少开发者认为转移至CentOS Stream 8才是正确的前进方向，但如何转移却引发了开发者们的强烈讨论。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"有开发者表示，将用户无缝转移至Stream 是最好的办法，“这表明我们有信心让Stream 支持大部分CentOS用例，同时为整个互联网提供有力的保护。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但有不少开发者指出了这种处理方式的问题。开发者Bowen评论道："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我虽然同意，但这毕竟是一次升级。我估计从CentOS Linux 8自动转移至CentOS Stream 8会激起那些认定Stream只是alpha\/beta\/测试\/不完善\/非稳定等其它什么版本的用户们的强烈反对。这种粗暴的处理方式肯定要爆雷。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"从统计数据来看，自从CentOS 8宣布调整生命周期以来，已经有大量用户部署了全新的CentOS系统。但开发者Stephen John Smoogen认为，“尽管目前约45万套CentOS 8系统大部分都能在CentOS Stream上运行良好，但我们并不清楚其中哪些只是无关紧要的广告Web服务器、哪些正控制着得克萨斯州的炼油厂或者水电大坝。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"开发者Josh Boyer表示，实际实践中的问题太多了，比如内核、内部策略合规性或者其他原因，这一切都会在自动迁移过程中造成负面影响。“我们应该鼓励并引导人们转向CentOS Stream，努力整理出易于使用和阅读的工具及文档，但不应该简单粗暴地单方面强制推动迁移。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"而开发者Alex Iribarren担心12月31号准时“拔掉插头”太过匆忙，建议“考虑到那段时间正好是假期，最好是能再延后一个月左右。”CentOS 经理Johnny Hughes也表示，考虑到当时正好是新年假期，最好能推迟计划，并且也不需要额外开发任何安全更新，合理的选择是避过人们居家休息的时间。虽然具体日期还没有确定，但他还是对整个计划提出了自己的构想："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们的目标是，只要RHEL 8.5能在2021年12月31日之前发布，我们就要先导入8.5版本文件、之后删除镜像内的CentOS Linux 8。我们不会在2021年12月31日之后发布的任何RHEL源代码更新添加至CentOS Linux8当中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这个最终版本将至少归档在vault.centos.org\/8.5.xxxx\/（其中xxxx为日期）。当然，如果RHEL 8.5版本实际在2022年1月1号之后才发布，那我们就不再把它纳入CentOS Linux 8。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从2022年1月1日起，直到RHEL 8发布后的CentOS Stream 8五年生命周期（即2024年5月31日）到期止，我们将持续为CentOS Stream 8构建各类新项目。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但Carl George希望能把计划订得更激进一些。他认为Stream实际上就是CentOS 8的延续，所以也许“我们应该让mirrorlist.centos.org继续通过8-stream repo响应相应请求，借此将一切剩余的CentOS Linux 8系统转换为CentOS Stream 8。”这个目标可以在生命周期结束时完成，也可以再适当延后一到三个月。George之所以提出第三个选项，是因为他担心很多用户并不知道CentOS 8生命周期结束、特别是不再发布安全更新这件事，最终有可能导致严重的安全事故。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Fabian Arrotin将CentOS用户分成两类：一类是关注公告且制定了明确计划的用户，另一类则是完全不关心这方面消息的用户。他认为，对于前者，George提出的自动切换选项不会产生多大影响，但对于压根不清楚当前动态、仍然埋头使用陈旧CentOS EOL版本的用户，随着安全漏洞的不断增加，他们还是会被迫转向CentOS Stream 8。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"也有开发者表示，如果某些用户对CentOS Stream不感兴趣，那他们最好的选择是放弃CentOS。“CentOS属于RHEL的直接替代方案，但CentOS Stream在定位上就与此不符。CentOS Stream的核心在于为消费者及发行版建立起合作关系，由消费者对发行版的构建内容做出评估及反馈。如果消费者需要的是永远不出问题、永远不用归档\/跟踪bug、甚至不需要关注版本更新内容的解决方案，那么CentOS Stream显然不是他们的菜。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前，关于CentOS Linux 8 如何迁移CentOS Stream 8的讨论仍在继续。Rich Bowen在发送给CentOS-devel的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/lists.centos.org\/pipermail\/centos-devel\/2021-July\/077098.html","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邮件"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"中建议，“准备好清晰的文档、突出显示要点部分、抱有正确的反响预期。”他在文中概述了将CentOS 8归档至"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/vault.centos.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"vault.centos.org"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 的整个流程。考虑到此次生命周期调整的特殊性，他还广泛征求意见、询问流程中还有哪些部分需要修改。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"还有更多选择"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当然，用户的选择不只是CentOS Stream。作为Red Hat 中止服务的回应，CentOS创始人 Kurtzer创建了新的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/rockylinux.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Rocky Linux"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"项目，来继续CentOS最初的使命。经过7个月的时间，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/forums.rockylinux.org\/t\/community-update-june-2021\/3260","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Rocky Linux 8.4"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 终于在今年6月底发布，该版本支持 x86_64 和 aarch64。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"相对来说，Rocky Linux发布时间是较晚的。Kurtzer表示，除了从零构建、保证全方位性能外，他也在一直想办法将项目留在社区手中，避免CentOS相同的命运。为此，Kurtzer创建了具有“社区章程”的 Rocky 企业软件基金会 (RESF)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不过，上线 72 小时内，Rocky Linux便吸引了 70,000 次下载。其中，谷歌已经开发了一个"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/compute\/docs\/images\/os-details#rocky_linux","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"定制版 Rocky Linux"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 安装在了谷歌计算引擎 (GCE) 上，谷歌是RESF的赞助者之一。另外，微软“作为 RESF 的合作伙伴签约”，也将确保 Rocky Linux 在 Azure 上的可用性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在此之前，CloudLinux在今年3月份也发布了一个新的RHEL衍生产品，名为AlmaLinux。该项目也承诺100%由社区拥有。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"近期，CloudLinux发布了支持Arm\/AArch64 架构的8.4 稳定版。该版本由Arm 协助并且 AWS 在其基于 ARM 的 Graviton VM 实例上进行测试（Rocky 也有可用的 ARM 版本）。据AlmaLinux 基金会成员Simon Phipps介绍，AlmaLinux的优势是，在CloudLinux中，稳定地支持RHEL下游厂商使用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/28\/28153a2e268c5fef69aed23317091cc5.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2021\/03\/30\/alma-linux2.jpg","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AlmaLinux 桌面"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"AlmaLinux也得到了早期采用者的积极评价。虽然其在最近的一份声明中谈到“主镜像站点下载数达万次，而来自世界各地 133 个其他镜像站点的下载数量还未定。”不过据外媒报道，在同一时刻，AlmaLinux 聊天服务器的通用频道中有 203 名成员，而 Rocky Linux 有 5536 名成员。这意味着，AlmaLinux 似乎并没有吸引到如此大的社区。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]}]}
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