MySQL事務初始

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/25/25ed63723bab22e8a1db5aa0f55cb32e.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"背景：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一次接觸事務是在mysql的：特性中也就是ACID的底層邏輯：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 什麼是事務：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"事務就是單次程序執行的過程中，要麼完全成功，要麼完全不執行；表示就是","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"併發控制的基本單位","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，要滿足一個操作是事務；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"1、事務處理","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"（事務操作）：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"保證所有事務都作爲一個工作單元來執行，即使出現了故障，都不能改變這種執行方式。當在一個事務中執行多個操作時，要麼所有的事務都被提交(commit)，那麼這些修改就永久地保存下來；要麼數據庫管理系統將放棄所作的所有修改，整個事務回滾(rollback)到最初狀態。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.1必須具備以下四種特性簡稱（ACID）:","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"A：原子性（Atomicity）此操作是一個原子性不可以分割的,事務中的操作要麼都不做，要麼就全做。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C：一致性（Consistency）事務執行的結果必須是從數據庫從一個一致性狀態轉換到另一個一致性狀態,保證數據轉化狀態一致。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"I：隔離性（Isolation）一個事務的執行不能被其他事務干擾","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"D：持久性（Durability）一個事務一旦提交，它對數據庫中數據的改變就應該是永久性的","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.事務的隔離級別：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"百度百科：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在併發讀取數據的過程中，爲了保證數據的一致性（完整），提出了事務的","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"隔離級別","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據在併發讀取過程中會發生數據不完整的情況，然後提出了事務的隔離級別；也就是說多人在使用數據庫，但是在操作數據庫的過程中，需要單獨隔離起來，但是具體的級別得配置；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/27/2753bad0a0fd70b2001dd5912f8f0376.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"場景：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"在電商平臺買東西的過程中，首先使用的是一個下訂單，鎖庫存的操作，創建訂單-->訂單明細中添加了買的東西--->庫存表修改--->銷量增加；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic","attrs":{}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"3.mysql 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autocommit=false；\n","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"保持的數據鏈接這次要手動進行提交//這次鏈接的過程中數據，我們數據操作要是沒有具體的提交，我們數據庫不會保存的；set autocommit=false;​要是直接對數據進行操作，但是當前的鏈接是自動提交是取消的狀態，我們是將數據不會保存更改的；","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"這個設置只生效於當前的鏈接；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"方式二：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"上述的表示一次鏈接的過程中，都需要自己本地的手動提交，但是這樣的話效率會很受影響；我們可以使用transaction來解決這個問題，transaction 可以更加靈活的方式表述 ，當數據開始以這種形式比如：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"bash"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" start transaction\n \n 。。。。。\n \n commit；rockback；\n","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上述是一個事務的提交狀態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"要是直接寫sql則表示，自動提交","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"表述當前的操作既可以提交，也可以回滾","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.mysql 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事務2在讀取數據的過程中，已經讀取到事務1已經修改，但是未提交的數據，相當於人家沒準備好提交，你就已經看到了\n 很多程度上是假的數據，所以我們判斷爲髒讀；（髒數據）\n","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何避免髒讀：","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"將事務的隔離級別提升，比readuncommitted更高的隔離級別就好了；也就是隔離級別是 2,3,4；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）不可重複讀：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"‘事務2，想要讀取共享數據， 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