如何成功開發出基於雲的 SaaS 應用

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一幅成功的基於雲的 SaaS 應用的開發路線圖可以幫助你爲 SaaS 業務制定具體的計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於雲的 SaaS 是企業提供訂閱軟件解決方案的一種較新的方式，近年來，它已經成爲最流行的行業趨勢之一。據一些報道稱，約 85% 的小型企業已經投資了 SaaS，預計到 2020 年，其市場份額將達到 1050 億美元。在我們開始開發 SaaS 應用之前，讓我們先來看看 SaaS 到底是什麼，它的優勢和爲什麼有那麼多企業朝這個方向努力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於雲的軟件即服務（SaaS）模式是什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"簡而言之，它們和我們使用的應用或軟件是一樣的，但是沒有在我們自己的電腦上安裝和存儲數據，而是把數據存儲在網絡雲中，任何擁有你賬戶的人都能使用它。此外，這些服務可以按月或按年購買，就像 Netflix 賬戶一樣。這是一個相當簡單的進展，但是它提供了非常有用的功能。出於這個原因，很多企業都傾向於投資基於雲的 SaaS 模式。如果你想深入研究，這裏還有一些相關的術語，那就是 IaaS 和 PaaS。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"下面讓我們看看 SaaS 的衆多優勢："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/e7\/79\/e7ecd1b7222f043ee8f2ea4721eb4b79.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對任何人的訪問：事實上，在世界任何地方，只要有穩定的互聯網鏈接和授權，擁有任何兼容的臺式機或筆記本電腦，就能訪問數據和軟件。"}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先試後買：這就像網上購物一樣。你不喜歡這個產品？退貨吧！知名的 SaaS 供應商一直都爲新用戶提供免費試用版。因此，你可以嘗試所有的選擇，並選出最適合你的那一個。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"沒有開發的煩惱：不像定製軟件，不需要龐大的 IT 隊伍來管理和維護你的軟件，以確保它符合行業的最佳趨勢。SaaS 供應商負責所有的更新、維護、錯誤修復等工作。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前期成本低，部署速度快：這對於想要以更低的價格快速解決方案的人來說是一個巨大的優勢。由於這些都已經在網絡雲上提供，所以你只需要幾次點擊就可以註冊和使用它們。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可擴展性：當你的業務增長曲線達到頂峯時，那麼你可能需要改進現有流程。幸運的是，SaaS 供應商提供了許多靈活的升級服務。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在瞭解了基於雲的 SaaS 應用程序所提供的必要好處之後，你一定會感到驚訝。然而，計劃一種實用的市場策略來啓動 SaaS 模式，這與任何電子商務解決方案或網絡應用開發流程截然不同。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個方法被定義爲 6 個簡單的步驟，它可以幫助你構建豐富的 SaaS 應用，並且能夠順利地部署。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一步：擺脫慣性思維"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不可否認，基於雲的 SaaS 已經成爲業界最熱的趨勢之一，但是一個殘酷的事實是，每個月都有一打的 SaaS 應用推出。因此，如果你不能提供不同的東西，你就只是牆上的另一塊磚。因此，你真的需要提出一些獨特的解決方案，爲你的客戶提供獨特的價值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"下面是一個有趣的例子，其中一個品牌提供了一個解決常見問題的簡單方法：在 PDF 上簽名。他們開發了一個 eSign 工具，它可以幫助人們輕鬆地做到這一點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二步：競爭對手分析和市場調查"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從某種意義上說，這事一種非技術性的方法，但它卻起着重要的作用，因爲收集有關競爭對手的數據可以讓你對 SaaS 應用有一大堆新想法。就像他們說的，商品營銷者複製，而偉大的人“偷竊”。不過，別弄錯了，因爲這斌更不意味着竊取或複製任何人。但如果有一個競爭對手真得做得很出色，弄明白他們的“祕密醬料”是什麼，他們的歷程是什麼，以及他們是如何開始的，也不會由什麼壞處。它給了你很多自信，而且肯定是一種實用的成功方法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三步：定義你想要的特性和功能，並收集參考資料"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 SaaS 應用中，寫下所需的特性列表。通過上一步做了大量的市場調查，你應該清楚地瞭解需要哪些功能。必須收集至少 2~3 份符合這些要求的參考資料。如果你選擇外包，那麼相信我們，在向程序員、設計師或技術夥伴解釋完整的想法時，這將會時一個巨大的幫助。這樣做會彌合你們相互理解的鴻溝，讓你們雙方達成共識，站在同一個起跑線上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第四步：設計視角，用戶界面和用戶體驗"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在，一旦你消除了基於雲的 SaaS 應用功能的所有疑慮，你就應該對用戶界面和用戶體驗有所瞭解。雖然人們傾向於忽視這個重要的步驟，或者有些人甚至跳過它，參考資料在這裏肯定會有所幫助，但是這一切都是獨一無二的，並非如前面所解釋的，僅僅是牆上的另一塊磚而已。因爲我們生活在一個充滿愉悅體驗的時代，如果你想取得長期的成功，在用戶界面和用戶體驗上投入大量的時間和金錢都是值的的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由於用戶界面和用戶體驗差，人們拒絕了很多具有更好功能的應用。而且，這也是爲什麼我們應該有一個很棒的用戶界面\/用戶體驗策略。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第五步：選擇正確的技術棧"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個問題真的很難弄清楚。存在許多可用的技術和框架，要確定哪一種最適合你，就需要深入研究每一種技術和框架。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這項工作會很枯燥，對吧？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"幸運的是，經過具體的市場調查，包括 Github 星、存儲庫、使用它的流行公司、社區支持、庫、最近的更新等指標，我們可以總結出 2020 年最佳 Web 開發框架的名單。以下是這些技術的列表："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"後端："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Python（Django 和 Flask）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP （Laravel）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Node.JS"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ruby on Rails"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"前端："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"React JS"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Angular"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Vue JS"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Backbone JS"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ember JS"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在任何種類的 Web 應用中，HTML 和 CSS 的重要性仍然是無形的，不僅僅是基於雲的 SaaS。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就數據庫而言，除了 MySQL、MongoDB 和 PostgreSQL 之外，你沒有太多的選擇，因爲這三種數據庫現在佔據着市場，毫無疑問會滿足你的所有需求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據你選擇的技術棧，應用服務器可以是 Apache 或 AWS。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第六步：價格策略"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這是最後一步，也是最重要的一步，會直接影響到你的收入。到目前爲止，你一定知道開發 SaaS 應用的成本，並且在定義了應用的確切特性和技術棧之後，就可以從 SaaS 開發公司得到一個準確的報價。並且，如果沒有這樣做，你至少可以計算出 MVP（Minimum Viable Product，最小可行產品）的定價。好了，讓我們深入探討你要收取的訂閱費用。應當注意，這兩者總是相輔相成的。另外，請不要忽視營銷方面的投資。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你還記得競爭對手分析的第二步嗎？那麼，這將大大有助於你以具有競爭力的價格提供同樣的服務。老實說，在定價上沒有嚴格的規定。重要的是不要在定價上那麼苛刻，一定要提供幾天的免費試用期（一週或一個月），因爲這會給用戶信心和信任感。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"還有誰不喜歡免費的東西？在免費試用版中包含你的核心功能，付費版則提供高級功能。這樣比較合理，因爲如果真正的客戶喜歡核心功能，他們總是會考慮購買它。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"結語"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於開發繁榮的基於雲的 SaaS 應用，我們給出了 6 個簡單步驟。許多指標會因目標市場定位而異，包括成本計算和技術棧。儘管如此，還是有很多知名品牌通過其出色的SaaS應用創造了可觀的收益，你可以通過研究來了解這些產品，從而獲得更重要的洞察力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/dzone.com\/articles\/how-to-develop-successful-cloud-based-saas-applica"}]}]}