{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作为一家具有硬件基因的公司，ARM为何推出面向汽车产业的软件架构？"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm进入汽车领域，推出面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"InfoQ获悉，9月16日，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Arm 宣布通过与多家汽车供应链企业合作，推出新的软件架构和参考实现 — 面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构 — SOAFEE（Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge），以及两款新的参考硬件平台，目标用软件定义汽车产业的未来。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"随着汽车产业架构和功能的演进，汽车开发者致力于提供先进驾驶辅助系统（ADAS）、车载信息娱乐系统（IVI）、电气化动力系统和自动驾驶等功能，也因此正面临着代码日益复杂的挑战。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为了满足这些不断演进的消费者需求，计算必须变得更加集中化。而软件对实现这个目标至关重要。由此产生的软件开发、部署和管理方式的变化意味着云原生开发，这一有效推动云基础设施产业降低成本、时间和复杂性的开发方式，比以往任何时候都更适用于汽车开发。随着实现这些功能的软件越来越复杂，软件开发和维护的成本会变得非常高，利用云原生技术改进软件的开发、构建、管理、更新的效率越来越重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，为了快速无缝地满足当今软件定义汽车的需求，一个标准化的框架必不可少，该框架能够增强经过验证的云原生技术，这些技术可以与汽车应用中必需的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"实时和安全"},{"type":"text","text":"功能一起大规模协作。此外，这个框架也能让其他实时和安全关键型的应用受益，例如机器人和工业自动化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 汽车和物联网事业部副总裁 Chet Babla 表示，“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"汽车产业正处于一个关键拐点，整个供应链，从 IP 设计商到汽车制造商，都在进行重新验证和定义。"},{"type":"text","text":" Arm 及其生态系统希望帮助汽车产业加快实现软件定义未来的愿景。 Arm针对汽车应用的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"安全和实时"},{"type":"text","text":"需求，设计和提供了标准、软件和开发者资源以及专用的处理平台。”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用软件定义汽车"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"汽车产业的形势正在发生改变。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"过去汽车制造商并不会把软件定义为一辆汽车的核心，而是以硬件为主。因为消费者对功能要求越来越多令软件变得越来越复杂，而且越来越重要。不过，这并不意味着硬件不重要了，只是相对过去来讲，软件的重要性和价值在提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在汽车产业链，车厂、以及一级供应商等都认识到，随着汽车硬件和软件越来越复杂，越来越先进，他们必须掌握更多的软件和硬件技术才能满足市场需求。因此，他们也开始在软件开发方面不断投入，甚至去主导IC的设计，这些改变在过去是很难想象的。如果能够有一个统一的软件定义汽车平台作为基础，让大家在这个统一的平台上去进行差异化的功能和服务的开发，将会使所有产业链中的企业和用户受益。这就是为什么Arm要发布软件架构，从根本上是为了顺应和满足产业的发展”，Arm 汽车和物联网事业部亚太区合作伙伴关系高级总监邓志伟如是解释ARM，这样一家具有硬件基因的公司为什么会面向汽车产业推出软件架构。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7b\/7b47d5e12935fdc0769a5ae630638273.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"邓志伟"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么Arm理解的“软件定义”是什么意思（Software-Defined）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟解释，简单来说，软件定义，就是由软件启动和控制一个特定的功能，但不只如此，一个完整的软件定义还必须包含对底层硬件的抽象化，从而实现同样的软件在不同的硬件上都能顺畅运行。另外，软件定义还必须要具备不断升级和更新的能力，而且，它必须是以云端技术作为开发和构建的基础。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从技术的角度来看，软件定义的内涵是，一个功能及服务会在云端的环境中开发、测试及验证，这些工作需要借助很多云端技术来完成，Hardware Models 用来模拟硬件的环境，container\/virtualization提供独立的软件执行环境及虚拟化，CI\/CD（Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery持续集成 \/ 持续交付)负责管理应用及服务的更新，编排器（Orchestrator）负责配置适当的软硬件资源给每一个容器 (container)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当这个功能及服务被放到车中执行时，底层的硬件必须提供好的扩充能力以应付各式计算处理的需求，同时要能在一定的功耗下达到最佳的运作性能，也必须提供处理实时性、功能安全及保密的技术。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟表示，Arm所提供的技术完全能满足上述要求，因此Arm能够由终端的IP技术出发，来完善软件定义汽车的架构以及整合产业链中对于软件定义汽车的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他认为，软件定义之所以重要，是因为它会为整个产业链带来显著的益处。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对车厂及一级供应商来说，软件开发的成本会大幅降低，同时，通过售后不断地推出创新的服务，可以为车厂创造新的营收来源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"报告显示，软件定义的实现可为车厂创造每台车多达2600-7500美元的额外利润。对IC设计及软件供应商而言，他们可以更好地实现产品的差异化，同时软件定义也会让更多的云端应用开发者加入汽车创新的行列。消费者也会更满意定制化的汽车功能及使用体验。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟表示，软件定义汽车必须要实现的需求有以下几个："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，软件必须要具备可移植性，也就是说一个软件要能够在不同的硬件当中执行；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，软件必须以云端的技术来开发构建和升级，让整个软件的开发和维护成本降到最低；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，由于汽车产业里的一些特殊的要求，软件定义汽车的软件必须能够处理实时性、功能安全及保密的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后，软件必须要符合开放式的架构，因为开放式的标准才能创造更大的生态系统，让所有人都能参与其中。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE： 缩短关键的开发时间"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于软件定义汽车的目标，ARM提出的软件架构包含三个部分："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一，是SOAFEE — Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge，面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构，它是一套新的软件架构和开源参考实现，既可满足汽车的实时和安全需求，又能充分利用基于云原生开发的优势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，是一个能够执行SOAFEE，以及开发各式功能及服务的硬件参考平台。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，ARM成立了一个产业合作的组织来持续完善SOAFEE的设计。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/automotive\/software-defined-vehicles","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是汽车制造商、系统集成商、半导体、软件和云技术厂商等企业合作的结晶，它为软件定义汽车开发了基于开放标准的新架构。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据介绍，SOAFEE包括两个部分：它是一个软件架构，该架构将通过扩增既有的云端技术，来实现汽车产业对于实时性及功能安全的特殊要求。它也是一个开源的参考实现，SOAFEE是以Arm Project Cassini中的SystemReady 开放标准为基础，来实现底层硬件的抽象化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由上述企业组成的专家小组还为 SOAFEE "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"定义了参考实现，并将其作为免费的开源软件，实现广泛原型设计、工作负载探索和早期开发"},{"type":"text","text":"。Arm 与商用解决方案供应商携手合作，以最大限度地提高兼容性，并为功能安全设计提供更快的途径。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 的 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/infrastructure\/edge-computing\/project-cassini","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cassini "}]},{"type":"text","text":"和 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/architectures\/system-architectures\/arm-systemready","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SystemReady"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 项目在边缘计算方面实现了标准化的云原生体验，SOAFEE立足于这个基础，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在汽车产业首度引入云概念"},{"type":"text","text":"，例如具有汽车功能安全和实时性的容器编排。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，SOAFEE 的产品资料和参考实现的初始版本已经"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/gitlab.arm.com\/soafee","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开放下载"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，该版本包含了启动云原生的所有基本模块。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"产业的快速发展需要汽车新应用的开发也尽可能快速和无缝，SOAFEE 的即时可用性使云开发者能够利用他们的专业知识，为基于 Arm 技术构建的移动出行的未来助力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具体来说，SOAFEE是如何以云原生的概念为基础来满足软件定义汽车的需求的呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟介绍，首先SOAFEE 以SystemReady 的开放标准来统一硬件及固件与系统软件的接口达到第一层的抽像化。同时，SOAFEE以管理程序 (hypervisor) 来管理不同操作系统之间共享资源的问题，同时以container run time 及 HAL（硬件抽像层，Hardware Abstraction Layer） 作为另一个层级的抽像化。在云端，SOAFEE不只会去构建相同的软件环境，同时也会构建虚拟的硬件环境 Virtual ECU ，以确保云端与终端间的一致性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟在接受InfoQ等媒体采访时表示，市面上有非常多的云端的技术，但在跟车厂和一级供应商的实践中，直接从数据中心或者从服务器来的云技术没办法直接应用在汽车产业中，其中最关键的是功能安全（functional safety）以及实时性（real time）的要求，过去在业界当中存在的云原生的技术，都没有把功能安全以及实时性的需求考虑进去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以SOAFEE的一个最大贡献是将编排器 (orchestrator) 改进成为能够处理功能安全及实时需求的软件模块。也就是说，让整个云端的云原生技术的元素能够加上功能安全以及实时性的特性。这对于汽车产业来讲，尤其是车厂来讲非常重要。“Arm所提出来的SOAFEE整个云端技术加上汽车产业的特殊需求来实现。目前在整个业界，在市场上没有一家其他的完整的云端平台能满足这样的需求。所以SOAFEE是第一个针对汽车产业，实现真正把云端技术导入到汽车产业，满足汽车产业的架构”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AWS全球汽车业务开发总监Bill Foy表示：“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"科技的跃升正在促进汽车电子与软件架构需求的转型，也正在驱动整个行业迈入以软件为中心的未来"},{"type":"text","text":"。AWS和ARM合作，通过一个面向服务的架构，解决复杂的挑战，让软件定义汽车的愿景得以实现。凭借我们与Arm的合作以及基于Arm架构的AWS Graviton2云实例，给客户带来了显著的成本节约效果，并使其应用在云和汽车边缘设备上都能无缝运行在相同的架构，简化了开发者的开发流程。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"缩短开发时间不仅对软件的开发，也对整个汽车的供应链都有非常大的影响。传统的整个开发流程大约需要三到四年，且最大的问题是，IC的性能可能无法跟上应用及服务的需求，因为IC的规格是三到四年前订的。而ARM提出的解决方式是，在 IC 规格定案之前，通过 SOAFEE及硬件开发平台，来决定应用及服务的计算需求，如此一来，不止可以降低规格不合的风险，也可以缩短整个开发时程。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ARM与汽车供应链中众多产业合作共建SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"软件定义汽车的愿景必须靠产业的密切合作才能达成。因此，ARM和车厂、一级供应商、硬件及软件生态系统伙伴等发起了SOAFEE专家小组，共同为打造软件定义汽车的未来贡献力量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 与 ADLink（凌华科技） 合作，在兼容 SystemReady 的新开发平台上提供了出色的性能，帮助加快产品上市，新的开发平台是由基于Arm Neoverse的Ampere Altra内核驱动，能让开发者通过使用SOAFEE 参考软件栈，针对智能座舱、ADAS、动力系统和自动驾驶等应用，在基于Arm架构的芯片上实现工作负载的探索和开发。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"该平台是由一套开发者工作站和坚固耐用的车载产品组成，现已"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.adlinktech.com\/Products\/Computer_on_Modules\/COM-HPC\/COM-HPC_Altra?Lang=en","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开放预订"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，并预计将于 2021 年第 4 季度上市。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AVA 开发者平台是一款高性能、32 核可扩展的计算系统，针对实验室开发而构建，能够运行自主工作负载。它让开发者能够充分利用加速器硬件，为高性能 CPU 提供补充。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在车载原型设计和测试方面，高性能的AVA-AP1搭载80 核配置，提供更高的 CPU 性能和额外的 IO 功能，幷包括一个安全处理器，可使用真实传感器实现车载执行。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"凌华科技全球合伙伙伴区域首席技术官 Joe Speed 表示：“汽车制造商要想加速驱动软件定义的未来，离不开能够探索未来汽车计算平台的开发平台。我们与 Arm 在 SOAFEE 参考硬件平台上的合作，建立在能够提供必不可少的关键性和安全性的基于 Arm架构的高性能芯片上。我们对不再受限 于32 和 80 核心硬件平台的汽车创新潜力感到兴奋”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"软件定义的功能正在许多行业中成为趋势，整合 SOAFEE 和新开发平台的解决方案也能适合于其他的应用市场，包括面向医疗、制造、物流等领域的机器人。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在汽车领域，软件定义的功能将提供安全的、新的车载体验和功能，以满足消费者的需求和预期，更重要的是，它将为汽车制造商、一级供应商、软件厂商、云服务提供商开启新的收入来源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了AWS、ADLink、Ampere 与CARIAD外，这项计划还获得了整个供应链中其他企业的支持，包括无人驾驶汽车软件公司Apex.AI、汽车配件制造商Continental、汽车安全软件企业Green Hills Software、ARM开源软件平台Linaro、半导体厂商Marvell、MIH联盟（电动车开放平台联盟）、红帽、企业级开源解决方案提供者SUSE、丰田自动驾驶部门Woven Planet、Zing Robotics等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其中，Continental正在与Arm在SOAFEE和参考硬件生态系统计划方面展开合作，在汽车领域采用并推广云原生软件工程和技术；Linaro将和ARM合作，为首批SOAFEE的参考实现提供基础技术；Arm和Marvell及其生态系统合作提供了一个开放标准的通用架构，提供能够开发可扩展、灵活的从汽车到云的服务和解决方案； MIH 联盟和ARM合作制定参考设计和标准，以降低电动汽车市场进入门槛；红帽车载操作系统将帮助SOAFEE将基于Linux的开源和云原生方法应用到汽车应用中；SUSE将利用其在操作系统和容器管理方面的专长帮助SOAFEE项目；Zing Robotics与Arm合作开展SOAFEE软件和参考硬件解决方案等。"}]}]}
Arm推出开源软件架构SOAFEE，硬件不再为王，软件正在定义汽车产业的未来
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作为一家具有硬件基因的公司，ARM为何推出面向汽车产业的软件架构？"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm进入汽车领域，推出面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"InfoQ获悉，9月16日，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Arm 宣布通过与多家汽车供应链企业合作，推出新的软件架构和参考实现 — 面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构 — SOAFEE（Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge），以及两款新的参考硬件平台，目标用软件定义汽车产业的未来。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"随着汽车产业架构和功能的演进，汽车开发者致力于提供先进驾驶辅助系统（ADAS）、车载信息娱乐系统（IVI）、电气化动力系统和自动驾驶等功能，也因此正面临着代码日益复杂的挑战。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为了满足这些不断演进的消费者需求，计算必须变得更加集中化。而软件对实现这个目标至关重要。由此产生的软件开发、部署和管理方式的变化意味着云原生开发，这一有效推动云基础设施产业降低成本、时间和复杂性的开发方式，比以往任何时候都更适用于汽车开发。随着实现这些功能的软件越来越复杂，软件开发和维护的成本会变得非常高，利用云原生技术改进软件的开发、构建、管理、更新的效率越来越重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，为了快速无缝地满足当今软件定义汽车的需求，一个标准化的框架必不可少，该框架能够增强经过验证的云原生技术，这些技术可以与汽车应用中必需的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"实时和安全"},{"type":"text","text":"功能一起大规模协作。此外，这个框架也能让其他实时和安全关键型的应用受益，例如机器人和工业自动化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 汽车和物联网事业部副总裁 Chet Babla 表示，“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"汽车产业正处于一个关键拐点，整个供应链，从 IP 设计商到汽车制造商，都在进行重新验证和定义。"},{"type":"text","text":" Arm 及其生态系统希望帮助汽车产业加快实现软件定义未来的愿景。 Arm针对汽车应用的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"安全和实时"},{"type":"text","text":"需求，设计和提供了标准、软件和开发者资源以及专用的处理平台。”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用软件定义汽车"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"汽车产业的形势正在发生改变。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"过去汽车制造商并不会把软件定义为一辆汽车的核心，而是以硬件为主。因为消费者对功能要求越来越多令软件变得越来越复杂，而且越来越重要。不过，这并不意味着硬件不重要了，只是相对过去来讲，软件的重要性和价值在提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在汽车产业链，车厂、以及一级供应商等都认识到，随着汽车硬件和软件越来越复杂，越来越先进，他们必须掌握更多的软件和硬件技术才能满足市场需求。因此，他们也开始在软件开发方面不断投入，甚至去主导IC的设计，这些改变在过去是很难想象的。如果能够有一个统一的软件定义汽车平台作为基础，让大家在这个统一的平台上去进行差异化的功能和服务的开发，将会使所有产业链中的企业和用户受益。这就是为什么Arm要发布软件架构，从根本上是为了顺应和满足产业的发展”，Arm 汽车和物联网事业部亚太区合作伙伴关系高级总监邓志伟如是解释ARM，这样一家具有硬件基因的公司为什么会面向汽车产业推出软件架构。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7b\/7b47d5e12935fdc0769a5ae630638273.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"邓志伟"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么Arm理解的“软件定义”是什么意思（Software-Defined）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟解释，简单来说，软件定义，就是由软件启动和控制一个特定的功能，但不只如此，一个完整的软件定义还必须包含对底层硬件的抽象化，从而实现同样的软件在不同的硬件上都能顺畅运行。另外，软件定义还必须要具备不断升级和更新的能力，而且，它必须是以云端技术作为开发和构建的基础。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从技术的角度来看，软件定义的内涵是，一个功能及服务会在云端的环境中开发、测试及验证，这些工作需要借助很多云端技术来完成，Hardware Models 用来模拟硬件的环境，container\/virtualization提供独立的软件执行环境及虚拟化，CI\/CD（Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery持续集成 \/ 持续交付)负责管理应用及服务的更新，编排器（Orchestrator）负责配置适当的软硬件资源给每一个容器 (container)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当这个功能及服务被放到车中执行时，底层的硬件必须提供好的扩充能力以应付各式计算处理的需求，同时要能在一定的功耗下达到最佳的运作性能，也必须提供处理实时性、功能安全及保密的技术。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟表示，Arm所提供的技术完全能满足上述要求，因此Arm能够由终端的IP技术出发，来完善软件定义汽车的架构以及整合产业链中对于软件定义汽车的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他认为，软件定义之所以重要，是因为它会为整个产业链带来显著的益处。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对车厂及一级供应商来说，软件开发的成本会大幅降低，同时，通过售后不断地推出创新的服务，可以为车厂创造新的营收来源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"报告显示，软件定义的实现可为车厂创造每台车多达2600-7500美元的额外利润。对IC设计及软件供应商而言，他们可以更好地实现产品的差异化，同时软件定义也会让更多的云端应用开发者加入汽车创新的行列。消费者也会更满意定制化的汽车功能及使用体验。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟表示，软件定义汽车必须要实现的需求有以下几个："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，软件必须要具备可移植性，也就是说一个软件要能够在不同的硬件当中执行；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，软件必须以云端的技术来开发构建和升级，让整个软件的开发和维护成本降到最低；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，由于汽车产业里的一些特殊的要求，软件定义汽车的软件必须能够处理实时性、功能安全及保密的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后，软件必须要符合开放式的架构，因为开放式的标准才能创造更大的生态系统，让所有人都能参与其中。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE： 缩短关键的开发时间"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于软件定义汽车的目标，ARM提出的软件架构包含三个部分："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一，是SOAFEE — Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge，面向嵌入式边缘的可扩展开放架构，它是一套新的软件架构和开源参考实现，既可满足汽车的实时和安全需求，又能充分利用基于云原生开发的优势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，是一个能够执行SOAFEE，以及开发各式功能及服务的硬件参考平台。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，ARM成立了一个产业合作的组织来持续完善SOAFEE的设计。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/automotive\/software-defined-vehicles","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是汽车制造商、系统集成商、半导体、软件和云技术厂商等企业合作的结晶，它为软件定义汽车开发了基于开放标准的新架构。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据介绍，SOAFEE包括两个部分：它是一个软件架构，该架构将通过扩增既有的云端技术，来实现汽车产业对于实时性及功能安全的特殊要求。它也是一个开源的参考实现，SOAFEE是以Arm Project Cassini中的SystemReady 开放标准为基础，来实现底层硬件的抽象化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由上述企业组成的专家小组还为 SOAFEE "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"定义了参考实现，并将其作为免费的开源软件，实现广泛原型设计、工作负载探索和早期开发"},{"type":"text","text":"。Arm 与商用解决方案供应商携手合作，以最大限度地提高兼容性，并为功能安全设计提供更快的途径。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 的 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/infrastructure\/edge-computing\/project-cassini","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cassini "}]},{"type":"text","text":"和 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/architectures\/system-architectures\/arm-systemready","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SystemReady"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 项目在边缘计算方面实现了标准化的云原生体验，SOAFEE立足于这个基础，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在汽车产业首度引入云概念"},{"type":"text","text":"，例如具有汽车功能安全和实时性的容器编排。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，SOAFEE 的产品资料和参考实现的初始版本已经"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/gitlab.arm.com\/soafee","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开放下载"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，该版本包含了启动云原生的所有基本模块。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"产业的快速发展需要汽车新应用的开发也尽可能快速和无缝，SOAFEE 的即时可用性使云开发者能够利用他们的专业知识，为基于 Arm 技术构建的移动出行的未来助力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具体来说，SOAFEE是如何以云原生的概念为基础来满足软件定义汽车的需求的呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟介绍，首先SOAFEE 以SystemReady 的开放标准来统一硬件及固件与系统软件的接口达到第一层的抽像化。同时，SOAFEE以管理程序 (hypervisor) 来管理不同操作系统之间共享资源的问题，同时以container run time 及 HAL（硬件抽像层，Hardware Abstraction Layer） 作为另一个层级的抽像化。在云端，SOAFEE不只会去构建相同的软件环境，同时也会构建虚拟的硬件环境 Virtual ECU ，以确保云端与终端间的一致性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"邓志伟在接受InfoQ等媒体采访时表示，市面上有非常多的云端的技术，但在跟车厂和一级供应商的实践中，直接从数据中心或者从服务器来的云技术没办法直接应用在汽车产业中，其中最关键的是功能安全（functional safety）以及实时性（real time）的要求，过去在业界当中存在的云原生的技术，都没有把功能安全以及实时性的需求考虑进去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以SOAFEE的一个最大贡献是将编排器 (orchestrator) 改进成为能够处理功能安全及实时需求的软件模块。也就是说，让整个云端的云原生技术的元素能够加上功能安全以及实时性的特性。这对于汽车产业来讲，尤其是车厂来讲非常重要。“Arm所提出来的SOAFEE整个云端技术加上汽车产业的特殊需求来实现。目前在整个业界，在市场上没有一家其他的完整的云端平台能满足这样的需求。所以SOAFEE是第一个针对汽车产业，实现真正把云端技术导入到汽车产业，满足汽车产业的架构”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AWS全球汽车业务开发总监Bill Foy表示：“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"科技的跃升正在促进汽车电子与软件架构需求的转型，也正在驱动整个行业迈入以软件为中心的未来"},{"type":"text","text":"。AWS和ARM合作，通过一个面向服务的架构，解决复杂的挑战，让软件定义汽车的愿景得以实现。凭借我们与Arm的合作以及基于Arm架构的AWS Graviton2云实例，给客户带来了显著的成本节约效果，并使其应用在云和汽车边缘设备上都能无缝运行在相同的架构，简化了开发者的开发流程。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"缩短开发时间不仅对软件的开发，也对整个汽车的供应链都有非常大的影响。传统的整个开发流程大约需要三到四年，且最大的问题是，IC的性能可能无法跟上应用及服务的需求，因为IC的规格是三到四年前订的。而ARM提出的解决方式是，在 IC 规格定案之前，通过 SOAFEE及硬件开发平台，来决定应用及服务的计算需求，如此一来，不止可以降低规格不合的风险，也可以缩短整个开发时程。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ARM与汽车供应链中众多产业合作共建SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"软件定义汽车的愿景必须靠产业的密切合作才能达成。因此，ARM和车厂、一级供应商、硬件及软件生态系统伙伴等发起了SOAFEE专家小组，共同为打造软件定义汽车的未来贡献力量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 与 ADLink（凌华科技） 合作，在兼容 SystemReady 的新开发平台上提供了出色的性能，帮助加快产品上市，新的开发平台是由基于Arm Neoverse的Ampere Altra内核驱动，能让开发者通过使用SOAFEE 参考软件栈，针对智能座舱、ADAS、动力系统和自动驾驶等应用，在基于Arm架构的芯片上实现工作负载的探索和开发。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"该平台是由一套开发者工作站和坚固耐用的车载产品组成，现已"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.adlinktech.com\/Products\/Computer_on_Modules\/COM-HPC\/COM-HPC_Altra?Lang=en","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开放预订"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，并预计将于 2021 年第 4 季度上市。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AVA 开发者平台是一款高性能、32 核可扩展的计算系统，针对实验室开发而构建，能够运行自主工作负载。它让开发者能够充分利用加速器硬件，为高性能 CPU 提供补充。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在车载原型设计和测试方面，高性能的AVA-AP1搭载80 核配置，提供更高的 CPU 性能和额外的 IO 功能，幷包括一个安全处理器，可使用真实传感器实现车载执行。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"凌华科技全球合伙伙伴区域首席技术官 Joe Speed 表示：“汽车制造商要想加速驱动软件定义的未来，离不开能够探索未来汽车计算平台的开发平台。我们与 Arm 在 SOAFEE 参考硬件平台上的合作，建立在能够提供必不可少的关键性和安全性的基于 Arm架构的高性能芯片上。我们对不再受限 于32 和 80 核心硬件平台的汽车创新潜力感到兴奋”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"软件定义的功能正在许多行业中成为趋势，整合 SOAFEE 和新开发平台的解决方案也能适合于其他的应用市场，包括面向医疗、制造、物流等领域的机器人。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在汽车领域，软件定义的功能将提供安全的、新的车载体验和功能，以满足消费者的需求和预期，更重要的是，它将为汽车制造商、一级供应商、软件厂商、云服务提供商开启新的收入来源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了AWS、ADLink、Ampere 与CARIAD外，这项计划还获得了整个供应链中其他企业的支持，包括无人驾驶汽车软件公司Apex.AI、汽车配件制造商Continental、汽车安全软件企业Green Hills Software、ARM开源软件平台Linaro、半导体厂商Marvell、MIH联盟（电动车开放平台联盟）、红帽、企业级开源解决方案提供者SUSE、丰田自动驾驶部门Woven Planet、Zing Robotics等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其中，Continental正在与Arm在SOAFEE和参考硬件生态系统计划方面展开合作，在汽车领域采用并推广云原生软件工程和技术；Linaro将和ARM合作，为首批SOAFEE的参考实现提供基础技术；Arm和Marvell及其生态系统合作提供了一个开放标准的通用架构，提供能够开发可扩展、灵活的从汽车到云的服务和解决方案； MIH 联盟和ARM合作制定参考设计和标准，以降低电动汽车市场进入门槛；红帽车载操作系统将帮助SOAFEE将基于Linux的开源和云原生方法应用到汽车应用中；SUSE将利用其在操作系统和容器管理方面的专长帮助SOAFEE项目；Zing Robotics与Arm合作开展SOAFEE软件和参考硬件解决方案等。"}]}]}
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