如何看待技術中的面試降級和資歷過山車現象？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從技術領域來看，換工作幾乎總會帶來財務或頭銜上的好處。當然，這是理想情況，這兩者並非總是兼而有之。爲了得到更高的薪酬而跳槽可能會導致職位上的“降級”，比如從高級工程師到 SWE2，或者從工程副總裁到高級工程經理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我把這種現象稱爲資歷“過山車”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/25\/25666239423399da54878bbe9cc989bb.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"降級的原因"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"職位降級而薪酬增加的原因可能有幾個。最常見的有以下幾種："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"對於不同"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"的公司"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"，職位和薪酬會有不同的期望"},{"type":"text","text":"。舉例來說，大型科技公司擁有較高的職稱，比小型開發機構、非技術先導型公司或者剛成立不久的新公司對工程師的期望要更高。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在大型科技公司的高級職位比其他公司支付更高的流動薪酬。另外，一些擁有較高頭銜的小型企業可能沒有在大型企業的規模和複雜程序下工作的實際經驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":2,"normalizeStart":2},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"不同級別的公司薪酬不同"},{"type":"text","text":"。科技界的薪酬狀況變得越來越“三峯化”，在不同“級別”的公司中，同一職位的薪酬可能相差 3 到 5 倍。不過，如果從一個低級別的公司轉到更高級別的公司，職位的降級可能意味着更高的薪酬和新的挑戰。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"技術領域的薪酬整體上在快速增長"},{"type":"text","text":"。那些長期呆在同一家公司的員工可能會被淘汰，尤其是當公司不調整內部薪酬來跟上新的薪酬水平時。那些曾經在同一家公司工作過的人可能會因此降低他們的期望。假如能選擇大幅加薪和“職位”降級，大多數人在換工作時都會選擇職位降級。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"對企業和技術棧的改變"},{"type":"text","text":" 可以使那些更關注特定技術專長的企業提供較低的薪酬。這種情況尤其適用於根據應聘者的在特定技術方面的經驗年限來判斷的代理公司和非“技術先導型”的公司，而不是更加全面地對應聘者進行評估。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在我看來，這種分級方法毫無意義，因爲經驗豐富的工程師能夠根據自己的經驗迅速掌握一項新技術。然而，由於這個原因，這一降級在面試中通常是針對特定技術深度的職位。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":5,"normalizeStart":5},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":5,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"招聘者所認爲的 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"面試表現"},{"type":"text","text":"。應聘者在面試中的表現通常會影響到定級，也是最常見的降級原因。面試官不確定的應聘者，往往會得到低於他們面試職位的級別。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"職位降級在大型科技公司中尤其普遍，因爲人們通常期望較高，入職時間比小地方長，而公司也常常爲了在特定級別上“提高標準”而僱傭員工。關於大型科技公司招聘的保守性，我已經做過詳細的討論。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"很多時候，企業甚至在面試前就已經作出了定級的決定。通常，他們會根據應聘者的履歷和他們認爲的經驗，對特定職位進行面試。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":6,"normalizeStart":6},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":6,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果面試成績正好在兩個級別之"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"間，那麼其他有競爭力****的職位"},{"type":"text","text":"或者放棄的低級別職位可以幫助你避免降級。一些人在分享時說，當他們展示來自更高級別公司有競爭力的職位或已拒絕的職位後如何得到下一個職位。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"身爲招聘經理，我能理解這一信號：這信號會讓招聘經理重新審視面試反饋信息，而且在某些情況下，可能會把反饋向“是”傾斜。另外一個信號就是，如果有一個信號表明另一家類似的公司會給予該人更高的評價，那就是應聘者有可能選擇其他公司。定級的決定常常取決於細微的差異，而這些信息可能會推動那些細微的差異上升。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"換工作時的降級處理"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那是一個比你目前的職位更“低”的職位，但是薪酬比你目前的高出許多。要怎樣處理？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據對各個層次工程師的期望，公司之間有一個無形的層次。處於頂層的是谷歌、Facebook 等類似的大型科技公司，工程師的每一次改變都會影響數百萬甚至更多客戶。與那些缺乏領導能力或工程師影響力較小的公司相比，工程師們應該瞭解更多的流程和最佳實踐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"毫無疑問，在一個建立有成千上萬用戶的小衆應用機構中，高級工程師們與那些創建數以億計用戶的應用程序的高級工程師有着不同的期望，並且更容易滿足。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dropbox 的技術負責人 Rina Artstain 指出，一旦你從“低級別”的公司轉到“高級別”的公司，往後降級應該並不常見："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“這正是我從低級別公司轉到高級別公司的經歷，但是在高級別公司中的流動一般不會產生過山車的效應。在某種特定的技術棧中，作爲一名高級 SWE，人們對你的期望是對組織有一個寬廣的視野，知道如何從利益相關者那裏獲得支持，指導別人等。他們希望你能儘快趕上這個技術棧。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"研究一下這個“低級別”職位在新公司中意味着什麼"},{"type":"text","text":"。詢問該級別的定義以及下一個級別的定義，這樣你就能評估是否缺乏該級別所需的技能或經驗。要是這樣，你就有機會得到這些東西了。所有擁有強大工程文化的公司都會制定清晰的能力定義和不同級別的明確期望。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"舉例來說，在 Skyscanner，首席工程師比高級工程師高一個級別，而 Skyscanner 大約每 15~30 名工程師就有一名首席工程師。首席工程師的職責範圍從影響 10~15 名工程師的小組級別，到影響接近 100 名工程師的級別，取決於個人和具體的職位。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"相對於 Uber，它的首席工程師的級別比員工高四級，比高級工程師高兩級。在 Uber 的 4000 名軟件工程師中，有 1~2 名首席工程師。首席工程師的職責對整個公司負責。作爲對比，Uber 首席工程師的“影響力範圍”，與 Skyscanner 的一些首席工程師相比，其影響力範圍可能要大 20~100 倍。這兩家公司當然不一樣，因此任何比較最多隻能是蘋果和梨的比較。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"如果你不"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"同意這個定級"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"，就和招聘經理談談"},{"type":"text","text":"。表達你的不同意見，展示你過去的經歷，並詢問招聘委員會能否考慮你進入下一個級別。如果你用尊重的方式去做，你就不會有任何損失，也會得到一切。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在我還是招聘經理的時候，有幾個應聘者對定級的決定提出了質疑。每個案例都讓我更加關注面試信號和對這個級別的期望。有些情況下，在收集了更多信息之後，我們就提供下一個級別，我們將在“作爲經理處理降級問題”一節中討論。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"如仍不同意定級決定，可考慮拒絕此邀請"},{"type":"text","text":"。頭銜對於職業和你在組織中的地位都很重要。如果在獲得更多信息後，你還是不同意這個定級決定，請考慮拒絕邀請。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面試總有主觀因素，這往往會導致面試中錯誤的否定。這些錯誤的否定會使那些在工作中表現出色的應聘者失去工作機會，或者發出低於他們級別的邀請。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"身爲一名招聘經理，我曾遇到應聘者因與所定級別不一致而拒絕應聘。我尊重他們的決定，而這些拒絕通常會促使我們仔細檢查定級是否公平，以及是否正確地表達了期望。有些情況下，那些恭敬地拒絕了 X 級別職位的應聘者，我們會聯繫他們進行重新評估，然後按照 X+1 的級別聘用他們。他們不接受認爲不匹配的級別的做法是正確的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果人們故意接受一個低級別職位會發生什麼呢？身爲經理，我就曾親身經歷過，但這並不令人愉快。降級會對經理有影響，如果不加以控制的話，也會影響團隊。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲經理人，在降級中取得先機"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我開始了我的第一個一對一談話，談話對象是我團隊中的一個新員工。他坦率地說："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我的第一個問題是：我該如何進入下一個層次？顯然，我在面試中被降級了，我應該在下一個級別。我的目標是在六個月內達到這個級別。那我需要做什麼？”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我要如何迴應呢？我習慣於與那些對工作感到興奮的人進行首次會面。但是，在這裏，我遇到了一位第一天上班就感覺很沮喪的人，這一切都是由於定級。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假如你認爲降級只是那些被降級人的問題：其實不然，對於經理來說，這也是個問題，如果處理不當，可能會蔓延開來，影響整個團隊的士氣。這裏有一些你應該做的防止這種情況的發生。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"加入未來團隊成員的招聘圈"},{"type":"text","text":"。在大型組織中，招聘工作是由招聘經理和麪試官輪流做的，所以職位的降級常常得不到關注。通常是根據組織的優先級來確定新成員的團隊，錄用後纔會確定。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我在 Uber 的組織有時也是這樣招聘的。我爲加入其他經理團隊的人作出招聘決定，而其他工程經理則爲後來加入我團隊的人提供機會。儘管就時間而言，這種設置比較容易管理，但是也有缺陷。還有一個原因就是在那個人加入之前我並不知道降級的決定。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":2,"normalizeStart":2},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"成爲發出邀請的人，並做一個“體溫檢查”"},{"type":"text","text":"。在大公司裏，招聘者可以在招聘經理不在場的情況下提供職位。儘管這樣可以爲未來的經理節省了時間，但同時也意味着他們錯過了應聘者對定級不滿意的跡象。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Uber，當我們提出職位時，我總是試圖在場。我問他們感覺如何，不僅僅是對數字的感覺，還有對職位本身的感覺。我經常發現應聘者在這個時候對這個職位表示不滿意，所以一定要繼續跟進。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":3,"normalizeStart":3},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"如果你懷疑有降級情況發生，要深入挖掘"},{"type":"text","text":"。如果在審查面試反饋時，你懷疑所提供的級別太低，請採取行動。確認在面試中收集到的信號是否表明應聘者可能被降級。這些信號可能顯示出了錯誤的定級：大多數面試官都強烈支持聘用。一種強有力的僱傭決定是在一個環路上作出的，該環路的級別比應聘者過去經歷所指出的要低，這也是一個信號。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"當不確定的時候，獲得更多的信號進行正確的定級"},{"type":"text","text":"。最好的方法是進行後續面試，以填補那些可能被忽略的信號。最好是邀請有經驗的人來，在下一個級別上面試，和他們分享背景，並讓他們集中精力解決差距。當收集到這一額外的信號之後，你應該清楚什麼是正確的級別。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":5,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"解釋他們加入的原因和加入的好處"},{"type":"text","text":"。假設你已經確認定級是正確的，那麼就花時間嚮應聘者解釋爲什麼。對於他們現在和下一個級別，我更願意分享他們的期望。爲了最終升職，我的目標也是明確他們需要在哪些方面成長。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這次談話提供了一個很好的機會來幫助這個人在加入時獲得職業的發展。解釋你和團隊中的其他人能夠提供哪些支持，他們將從事哪些類型的項目來擴展自己的專業知識，以及他們在這種環境中會面臨哪些挑戰。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":6,"normalizeStart":6},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":6,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"制定切合實際的晉升預期"},{"type":"text","text":"。做一些努力，不要讓人們錯誤地期望在不現實的時間表裏獲得升職。多數大型科技公司一年內升職的情況很少出現。即使是小公司，在一年內升職也是例外。這幾乎總是表明招聘中的員工定級錯誤。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當你不是晉升的最終決策者時，不要對晉升時間表作出承諾。如果你所說的時間到了，而你的直接下屬未得到升職，這種承諾只會導致沮喪。這無關緊要，升職不在你的控制範圍內，但他們會記得你所承諾的時間表並沒有實現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":7,"normalizeStart":7},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":7,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"如果你在改變級別方面受到限制，那就儘可能提前行動"},{"type":"text","text":"。有時候，你會認爲應聘者應該得到晉升的機會，但你不能這麼做。這個決定可以是因爲預算問題，也可以是由於上司的阻撓。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當我們因爲不能提供更高的職位時，我喜歡對人們誠實。然後，我鼓勵他們考慮他們是否願意在這個級別、這個環境、這個團隊、這些挑戰和我一起工作，至少在一年內頭銜或薪酬沒有變化。假如這不符合他們的期望，我將建議放棄我們的工作機會，並保持聯繫，以免錯過新的機會。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"頭銜不重要 vs 頭銜很重要"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/65\/650adfac82a8bd7b3eeea9a337ba69de.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"科技行業的頭銜比你工作的影響力和背景更重要嗎？關於這一問題，有兩派觀點：一派觀點認爲它們並不重要；而另一派觀點則認爲它們很重要，因爲他們有親身經歷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"任何人只要覺得"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"自己的頭銜不重要"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"，就"},{"type":"text","text":"意味着他在這個領域有自己的代表作 。我在這個陣營中呆了很久，當我談到頭銜時，我周圍的大多數人都點頭同意頭銜不重要。這些點頭的人分享了他們在技術領域的成就，頭銜對這些人來說根本就不重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你已經在科技領域站穩了腳跟，或者你的能力從未被質疑過，那麼頭銜其實並不重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"就代表性不足的羣體而言，“頭街”在建立信譽方面有很大的不同"},{"type":"text","text":"。我曾與許多女性和其他科技界的少數族裔交談，他們都講述了同樣的故事。人們一直在質疑他們是不是技術人員。在這種情況下，他們必須一次又一次地向沒有廣泛合作過的人們證明自己。很多人分享了他們如何投入大量的精力，讓自己和同行們一樣得到尊重。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在一家中等規模的科技公司工作的一位首席工程師說：“一旦我被提升爲高級工程師，然後又被提升爲首席工程師，情況就會好轉。但是，即使有了首席工程師的頭銜，我還是經常被人質疑技術水平。想象一下，如果我沒有這個頭銜會發生什麼。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"清"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"楚地知道頭銜對你即將"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"進入的公司意味着什麼"},{"type":"text","text":"。在整個技術領域，職稱並不統一，從“入門級”到“高級”都是如此，高層以上尤其如此。領導人、工作人員和主要負責人的職責可能有很大的不同。要求查看公司的職業階梯。明確期望，並確認該級別將反映你帶來的技能和經驗。進展會是什麼樣子的？與你現在所處的位置相比如何？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"舉例來說，在 Skyscanner 擁有 100 名工程師影響力範圍的首席工程師可能會映射到 Uber 的員工級別，但是很可能不會映射到 Uber 的首席工程師級別，而 Uber 首席級別的影響力範圍可以達到整個公司數千名工程師。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"題外話"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了避免在改變領域時出現降級，當有機會時，試着在現有的公司裏轉崗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從長遠來看，平級調動，也就是沒有頭銜變化的調動，最終會對事業有所幫助。在許多情況下，這似乎是一種“降級”，尤其是當你正處在升至下一級的過程中，而平級調動會延長這個時間線。不過，額外的經驗可能會在長期內給你帶來巨大的幫助。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在頭銜之外，瞭解新頭銜的職責和期望。只要你堅持自己的職責，你就有可能爲自己的成功做好準備。在新的環境下，承擔太多的額外責任，會讓你的成功率下降，而承擔更少的責任也會讓你感到失望。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在技術文化不太好的公司“提升”到接近行業領先水平的公司時，這一降級可能是自然結果。這樣的話，職位降級是很普遍的事情，我覺得這是一種公平交換。特別是，如果你的學習在當前公司已經停滯不前，轉到一個新的地方，會帶來更多的職業發展，更多的學習，以及更好的經濟狀況，這尤其正確。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"作者介紹："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Gergely Orosz，曾在 Uber、微軟、Skype、Skyscanner 工作。目前撰寫高增長的初創公司和大型科技公司的軟件工程和工程管理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blog.pragmaticengineer.com\/the-seniority-roller-coaster\/amp\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/blog.pragmaticengineer.com\/the-seniority-roller-coaster\/amp\/"}]}]}]}