小扎特烦恼：Facebook招不到工程师

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一位Facebook的招聘负责人在内部备忘录中写道，“整个公司目前正面临着人才供需之间的严重失衡，这种感觉糟透了。”"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Facebook遇招聘难题"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据一份关于招聘策略与人才挑战的内部备忘录，Facebook公司显然已经找不到足够的候选人支撑工程技术需求。人才短缺问题目前在湾区尤为严重，并导致Facebook始终无法实现2021年初的员工招聘目标。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据Facebook向美国证券交易委员会披露的信息，这家社交巨头早在2019年就没能实现招聘目标，这也让公司CEO扎克伯格感到颇为沮丧。他随即决定建立一支临时领导团队，希望制定应急计划来解决令人头痛的人才短缺问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这份披露材料经法律顾问Frances Haugen编辑之后提交至国会，目前已经有新闻媒体联盟看到了这份供国会审阅的编辑版本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这份名为《招聘难题原因分析》的内部备忘录定稿于今年年内，Facebook的一位招聘负责人详尽描述了工程团队正面临何等严峻的人才高需求与低供应间的巨大失衡。备忘录全文请请参见下图："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这份备忘录具体介绍了Facebook是如何核算内部招聘需求的，公司每年需要成功招聘数千名工程师才能完成既定的产品开发与内容制作目标。备忘录还指出，虽然Facebook已经有意培养湾区以外的工程师，但招聘经理们却仍在坚持在本地快速招聘、对新政策的兴趣似乎不大。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Facebook公司发言人在写给媒体的一份声明中提到，“这份备忘录是今年5月按时发布的标准招聘更新信息，属于各类企业都会定期发布的常规更新内容。我们昨天在财报电话会议中也提到，Facebook截至本季度末共有68100多名全职员工，较去年增长了20%。我们仍致力于扩大公司在美国乃至全球范围内的招聘工作。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面临招聘难题的远不止Facebook一家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"科技行业的多项调查表明，工程师与开发人才短缺与招聘困难已经成为各从业企业的最大担忧之一。而且在去年，美国几乎所有行业的劳动力市场都呈现出供应紧张的局面。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"IT 人才招聘目标难完成"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一位未具名的领导者在备忘录中写道，“自从我们最大限度扩充招聘范围以来，Facebook旗下的所有技术站点都存在着人才压力。整个公司目前正面临着人才供需之间的严重失衡，这种感觉糟透了。可以说我们正在经历成长的阵痛期。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据备忘录中公布的数据，Facebook在2020年底至2021年初期间一直没能在湾区招募到足够的IC5及更高级别工程师。2021年第一季度，接受入职通知的工程师比例刚刚超过50%（320人中的171人），而2020年的中位数则超过65%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这位领导者在备忘录中坦言，“湾区范围内IC5及更高级别工程师的入职率已经掉落至2020年之前的水平。此外，我们在西雅图地区的入职率也有下滑的迹象。关于具体原因，我们仍在努力调查。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这份备忘录推测，虽然Facebook在2020年新冠疫情爆发期间本有机会把握住机会招揽人才，因为其他企业因疫情暂时性的削减了招聘，但这些竞争对手如今已经“携风投资金”重新回归并再度增长。利用雄厚的资金，他们可以在劳动力市场上与Facebook开展正面争夺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"备忘录还提到，除了情况最为严重的湾区之外，其他 Facebook工程站点在今年第一季度的招聘工作上也都面临着不小的压力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这位领导者还写道，“如果一直完不成既定招聘目标，那我们将无法顺利推出产品开发计划，至少具体推出时间会大大延后。完不成工程人才招聘目标绝对是个大问题，扎克伯格也明确表示不想让2020年的问题重演。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"事实上，Facebook过去几年来的内部招聘计划也出现了重大变化，意在解决公司多次遭遇的宏观发展目标未能达成的难题。该公司使用一套公式来计算各个团队所需要的员工人数，其中包含以下变量：不同职级的经理、总监与工程师数量；员工流失率；初级工程师与高级工程师的比例；实习生面谈率；以及人才发展预测。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通过这套公式，Facebook之前会为各个团队设置固定的招聘人数，再由团队根据实际需求微调这些工程师岗位的具体职级与定位。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但从备忘录内容来看，这项战略在2019年惨遭失败，因为任何一项单独的变化都会给整体“长期计划”带来重大冲击。结果表明，工程技术团队远远未能达成2019年设定的招聘目标。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据备忘录，“目前的核心问题，在于Faecbook工程团队“做正确的事”（即在湾区以外培养更多人才）的动机并不够强烈，很多招聘经理短视地认为随时都能在湾区雇佣到足以满足当前紧急需求的人才。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但事实证明，无论是内部推动还是部门间沟通，为解决这个问题所付诸的努力“一直没能奏效，负面影响却此起彼伏”，这最终激怒了扎克伯格。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"扎克伯格：不想让问题再重演"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"于是乎，“扎克伯格明确表示不想让2020年的问题重演。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年，相关解决方案出台，新方案限制了各团队招聘经理在本地的可招聘人数。此举给了招聘经理们当头一棒，但却在2020年初及年中收效良好，似乎代表着变革成功。备忘录提到，期间伦敦与纽约的招聘情况相当理想。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但到2021年，团队终于意识到前一年的情况只是特例。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"于是，Facebook决定借助良好的业务增长与人才吸纳势头增加招聘团队规模，并提议全面扩大新雇员需求。但似乎在一夜之间，各处站点都遇上了招聘收益下降与员工人数不足的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在备忘录最后一章“我们能做些什么？”的部分，作者承认Facebook必须强大远程人才招聘力度，充实招聘团队规模（但这部分人才的招聘同样竞争激烈），并针对短期供需失衡问题建立起应急团队。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在半个月之前，Facebook宣布计划在欧洲雇用10000名工程师，帮助其构建计划中的“元宇宙”等下一代产品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外在本周初，Frances Haugen在英国议会凭证时还提到，她对这个消息感到惊喜。“如果真能吸引到这10000名工程师，Facebook完全可以在安全方面大展拳脚。这着实令人期待。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.protocol.com\/workplace\/facebook-docs-hiring-recruiting-crisis?rebelltitem=19#rebelltitem19","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.protocol.com\/workplace\/facebook-docs-hiring-recruiting-crisis?rebelltitem=19#rebelltitem19"}]}]}]}