InfoQ專訪 Yaron Schneider：Dapr加入CNCF孵化器，希望Dapr API能夠成爲一個新標準

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生計算基金會（簡稱CNCF）最近宣佈接受Dapr作爲CNCF的孵化器項目。在此之前，Dapr宣佈成立Dapr項目指導和技術委員會（簡稱STC）。 "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲CNCF託管的項目，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/dapr.io\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr"}]},{"type":"text","text":"也在技術方面保持中立。CNCF提供了監管、市場支持和社區拓展方面的能力。CNCF CTO Chris Aniszczyk表示："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分佈式應用程序和微服務爲容器和雲原生奠定了基礎，但開發具備可伸縮性和可靠性的分佈式應用程序非常困難。Dapr可以很好地與CNCF的其他項目集成，併爲開發人員提供最佳實踐，他們可以使用任意的編程語言和框架來開發應用程序。我們非常歡迎Dapr加入CNCF，以及Dapr社區所做的工作。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微軟在2019年推出了Dapr。今年2月份，Dapr團隊發佈了Dapr 1.0。很多"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/dapr\/community\/blob\/master\/ADOPTERS.md","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"組織"}]},{"type":"text","text":"在生產環境中使用Dapr。今年3月份，InfoQ"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2021\/03\/alibaba-dapr","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"報導"}]},{"type":"text","text":"了阿里雲在雲上採用Dapr的案例。一些主流的雲廠商平臺和本地環境均有采用Dapr。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在，該項目由Dapr STC以及來自阿里巴巴、英特爾和微軟的代表共同管理。STC把握項目的整體方向，併爲項目維護者提供技術指導。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近，InfoQ採訪了Dapr及"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/keda.sh\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"KEDA"}]},{"type":"text","text":"的聯合創建者Yaron Schneider，他同時也是Dapr STC的成員。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：雲原生計算基金會最近宣佈接受Dapr作爲CNCF的孵化器項目。這對於Dapr來說意味着什麼？將給Dapr開發者和用戶帶來怎樣的影響？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Yaron Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr成爲CNCF的孵化器項目將在以下幾個方面給項目本身以及雲原生生態系統帶來影響。對於Dapr來說，它將吸引更多的CNCF開發者的注意，帶來新的貢獻和視角。對於CNCF來說，Dapr開發者社區會將以應用程序爲中心的視角和專業知識帶入整個生態系統。隨着越來越多的開發者的加入，他們會加入更多有利於Dpar用戶的特性。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：Dapr 1.0在今年2月份發佈。從那時候到現在，Dapr的採用情況是怎樣的？你認爲Dapr加入CNCF會促進該項目的採用嗎？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：我們看到了針對該項目的貢獻力度、採用它的企業和初創公司都有了巨大的增長。10月份，我們舉辦了第一個"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blog.dapr.io\/posts\/2021\/10\/21\/thanks-for-a-great-first-daprcon","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DaprCon"}]},{"type":"text","text":"大會，很多采用者在大會上分享了他們的故事。我強烈建議大家去看一下大會的內容，瞭解一下從該項目出現至今的發展歷程。隨着項目加入CNCF，我非常期望看到有更多的採用者。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：Dapr由STC負責管理。它是怎麼運作的？是誰決定要優先開發哪些特性，以及是怎麼實現的？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：STC目前由來自不同公司的5位成員組成，後續可能會增加到11位。沒有哪個單獨的組織可以代表整體，由此保證了中立性。從特性方面來看，Dapr的維護者們是主要的決策者，STC的引入並不會改變這一點。不過，STC把握項目的整體方向，所以，加入新的構建塊和API可能需要經過STC的審批。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：在你看來，Dapr的用戶都是哪些人？它最適合用來解決什麼問題？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：微服務開發者們會發現Dapr很有用，因爲它可以幫他們完成很多事情。Dapr提供了很多API到工具層面的最佳實踐，幫助開發者完成狀態管理和發佈\/訂閱之類的分佈式系統特性。我們發現，對於那些在Kubernetes上部署應用程序的開發者來說，Dapr特別有用。Dapr提供的API可以在本地開發環境和Kubernetes集羣上保持一致。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：目前，Dapr的開發主要關注哪些方面？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：我們試着確定基礎性的東西——測試基礎設施和發佈管道及流程。我們希望向社區開放Dapr的發佈流程。在特性方面，即將發佈的1.5版本將會帶來配置構建塊，一個已經開發了好幾個月的特性。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：你對Dapr的願景是什麼？接下來的“大事件”會是什麼？2.0版本是否已排上發佈日程？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr加入CNCF之後，我希望Dapr API能夠成爲一個標準，並與Go語言實現徹底分離。這一改變將允許出現其他不同的實現，比如Dapr邊緣發行版。2.0版本目前不在發佈日程中，不過，後續可能會考慮支持非Go語言組件以及動態組件加載。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：開發者們可以怎樣學習Dapr？有哪些可用的學習資源？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr官方"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/docs.dapr.io\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"文檔"}]},{"type":"text","text":"和"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/dapr\/quickstarts","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"入門示例"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是學習Dapr最好的資源。除了這些，還有其他一些很好的書籍。我推薦“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4842-6998-5","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Introducing Distributed Application Runtime (Dapr)"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”和“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtpub.com\/product\/practical-microservices-with-dapr-and-net\/9781800568372","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Practical Microservices with Dapr and .NET"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”。當然，我自己也寫了一本《"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.oreilly.com\/library\/view\/learning-dapr\/9781492072416","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"學習Dapr"}]},{"type":"text","text":"》。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr是一個開源、可移植、基於事件驅動的運行時，開發者可以用它構建運行在雲端和邊緣的具有彈性、無狀態、有狀態、基於微服務的應用程序。其目標是幫助開發者解決分佈式系統問題，讓他們能夠專注於編寫業務邏輯，大幅提升他們的效率以及縮短開發時間。微軟最近推出的Azure Container App預覽版也支持Dapr。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"查看英文原文"},{"type":"text","text":"："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2021\/11\/dapr-joins-cncf","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr Joins CNCF Incubator: Q&A with Yaron Schneider"}]}]}]}