InfoQ专访 Yaron Schneider：Dapr加入CNCF孵化器，希望Dapr API能够成为一个新标准

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云原生计算基金会（简称CNCF）最近宣布接受Dapr作为CNCF的孵化器项目。在此之前，Dapr宣布成立Dapr项目指导和技术委员会（简称STC）。 "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作为CNCF托管的项目，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/dapr.io\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr"}]},{"type":"text","text":"也在技术方面保持中立。CNCF提供了监管、市场支持和社区拓展方面的能力。CNCF CTO Chris Aniszczyk表示："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分布式应用程序和微服务为容器和云原生奠定了基础，但开发具备可伸缩性和可靠性的分布式应用程序非常困难。Dapr可以很好地与CNCF的其他项目集成，并为开发人员提供最佳实践，他们可以使用任意的编程语言和框架来开发应用程序。我们非常欢迎Dapr加入CNCF，以及Dapr社区所做的工作。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微软在2019年推出了Dapr。今年2月份，Dapr团队发布了Dapr 1.0。很多"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/dapr\/community\/blob\/master\/ADOPTERS.md","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"组织"}]},{"type":"text","text":"在生产环境中使用Dapr。今年3月份，InfoQ"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2021\/03\/alibaba-dapr","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"报导"}]},{"type":"text","text":"了阿里云在云上采用Dapr的案例。一些主流的云厂商平台和本地环境均有采用Dapr。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现在，该项目由Dapr STC以及来自阿里巴巴、英特尔和微软的代表共同管理。STC把握项目的整体方向，并为项目维护者提供技术指导。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近，InfoQ采访了Dapr及"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/keda.sh\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"KEDA"}]},{"type":"text","text":"的联合创建者Yaron Schneider，他同时也是Dapr STC的成员。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：云原生计算基金会最近宣布接受Dapr作为CNCF的孵化器项目。这对于Dapr来说意味着什么？将给Dapr开发者和用户带来怎样的影响？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Yaron Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr成为CNCF的孵化器项目将在以下几个方面给项目本身以及云原生生态系统带来影响。对于Dapr来说，它将吸引更多的CNCF开发者的注意，带来新的贡献和视角。对于CNCF来说，Dapr开发者社区会将以应用程序为中心的视角和专业知识带入整个生态系统。随着越来越多的开发者的加入，他们会加入更多有利于Dpar用户的特性。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：Dapr 1.0在今年2月份发布。从那时候到现在，Dapr的采用情况是怎样的？你认为Dapr加入CNCF会促进该项目的采用吗？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：我们看到了针对该项目的贡献力度、采用它的企业和初创公司都有了巨大的增长。10月份，我们举办了第一个"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blog.dapr.io\/posts\/2021\/10\/21\/thanks-for-a-great-first-daprcon","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DaprCon"}]},{"type":"text","text":"大会，很多采用者在大会上分享了他们的故事。我强烈建议大家去看一下大会的内容，了解一下从该项目出现至今的发展历程。随着项目加入CNCF，我非常期望看到有更多的采用者。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：Dapr由STC负责管理。它是怎么运作的？是谁决定要优先开发哪些特性，以及是怎么实现的？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：STC目前由来自不同公司的5位成员组成，后续可能会增加到11位。没有哪个单独的组织可以代表整体，由此保证了中立性。从特性方面来看，Dapr的维护者们是主要的决策者，STC的引入并不会改变这一点。不过，STC把握项目的整体方向，所以，加入新的构建块和API可能需要经过STC的审批。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：在你看来，Dapr的用户都是哪些人？它最适合用来解决什么问题？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：微服务开发者们会发现Dapr很有用，因为它可以帮他们完成很多事情。Dapr提供了很多API到工具层面的最佳实践，帮助开发者完成状态管理和发布\/订阅之类的分布式系统特性。我们发现，对于那些在Kubernetes上部署应用程序的开发者来说，Dapr特别有用。Dapr提供的API可以在本地开发环境和Kubernetes集群上保持一致。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：目前，Dapr的开发主要关注哪些方面？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：我们试着确定基础性的东西——测试基础设施和发布管道及流程。我们希望向社区开放Dapr的发布流程。在特性方面，即将发布的1.5版本将会带来配置构建块，一个已经开发了好几个月的特性。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：你对Dapr的愿景是什么？接下来的“大事件”会是什么？2.0版本是否已排上发布日程？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr加入CNCF之后，我希望Dapr API能够成为一个标准，并与Go语言实现彻底分离。这一改变将允许出现其他不同的实现，比如Dapr边缘发行版。2.0版本目前不在发布日程中，不过，后续可能会考虑支持非Go语言组件以及动态组件加载。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"InfoQ：开发者们可以怎样学习Dapr？有哪些可用的学习资源？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Schneider"},{"type":"text","text":"：Dapr官方"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/docs.dapr.io\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"文档"}]},{"type":"text","text":"和"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/dapr\/quickstarts","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"入门示例"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是学习Dapr最好的资源。除了这些，还有其他一些很好的书籍。我推荐“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4842-6998-5","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Introducing Distributed Application Runtime (Dapr)"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”和“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtpub.com\/product\/practical-microservices-with-dapr-and-net\/9781800568372","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Practical Microservices with Dapr and .NET"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”。当然，我自己也写了一本《"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.oreilly.com\/library\/view\/learning-dapr\/9781492072416","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"学习Dapr"}]},{"type":"text","text":"》。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr是一个开源、可移植、基于事件驱动的运行时，开发者可以用它构建运行在云端和边缘的具有弹性、无状态、有状态、基于微服务的应用程序。其目标是帮助开发者解决分布式系统问题，让他们能够专注于编写业务逻辑，大幅提升他们的效率以及缩短开发时间。微软最近推出的Azure Container App预览版也支持Dapr。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"查看英文原文"},{"type":"text","text":"："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2021\/11\/dapr-joins-cncf","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr Joins CNCF Incubator: Q&A with Yaron Schneider"}]}]}]}