HarmonyOS 3.0.0开发者预览版全新发布

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021年10月22日在华为开发者大会HDC.Together 2021 主题演讲上，我们发布了HarmonyOS 3.0.0开发者预览版，主要内容包括：Harmony设计系统、ArkUI 3.0、ArkCompiler 3.0、DevEco Studio 3.0和TS/JS API 。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其中，HarmonyOS的UI开发框架从以Java为主要编程语言的命令式UI框架演进为以TypeScript（简称TS）/JavaScript（简称JS）为主要编程语言的声明式UI框架（ArkUI 3.0）。同时，ArkCompiler 3.0增加了对TS/JS语言的支持，HarmonyOS SDK新增了6000+的TS/JS API，支持TS语言开发富媒体应用。未来，TS/JS语言在HarmonyOS应用开发中会越来越重要。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"下面，让我们再来回顾一下HarmonyOS 3.0.0开发者预览版的关键内容吧~","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一、Harmony设计系统","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Harmony设计系统，综合考虑人因、设备和环境等因素，为跨端应用界面设计提供完备的设计规范、便捷的设计工具、以及丰富的设计资源，方便开发者创作出更优秀的设计。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二、ArkUI 3.0","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ArkUI 3.0是一套构建HarmonyOS应用界面的声明式UI开发框架。它通过极简的UI信息描述语法、丰富的UI组件和动效，以及实时界面预览能力，帮助您提升HarmonyOS应用界面开发效率。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":12}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"ArkUI 3.0的关键特性如下：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"1. 从以Java为主要编程语言的命令式UI框架，演进为以TS/JS为主要编程语言的声明式UI框架，生产效率提高30%。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/24/244a5152faf6868f9fddaf641abb998e.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图1 UI框架演进","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为何UI开发框架会发生这样的演进？从开发模式方面来看，声明式比命令式具备更直观更简洁的能力，能进一步提升开发效率；从语言方面来看，TS/JS具备了广泛的生态以及更强的灵活性。根据RedMonk 2021年Q1 编程语言排名，JS语言综合排名第一，并且是目前全球开发者中使用最多的语言。JS语言拥有非常强大的生态社区，学习资源、三方库和工具资源非常丰富。相比静态类型开发语言（比如Java），JS因为动态类型和类脚本语言的特点，开发类似功能的应用时，JS代码一般行数更少，开发效率更高。TS是JS的一个超集，有效地提升了JS开发大型工程的便利性和可维护性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"2. 提供极简UI开发语法和组件，提高跨设备应用UI开发效率。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/74/74401832af56db58d3933193d00ba28b.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图2 ArkUI的高效率","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ArkUI 3.0拥有极简的UI信息描述语法、丰富的UI组件和高效跨端开发能力，对比传统的应用界面开发，代码量减少30%以上。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"3. 通过针对声明式的前后端一致化的渲染优化设计，进一步提升应用性能体验。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a7/a721669d590374d4358a39c7dab1f46c.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图3 ArkUI的高性能","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ArkUI 3.0通过扁平化统一渲染和并行流水线技术，保证应用性能体验和安卓原生应用体验不相上下，在典型的复杂场景下，内存还可降低20%。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三、ArkCompiler 3.0","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ArkCompiler是华为自研的统一编程平台，包含编译器、工具链、运行时等关键部件，支持高级语言在多种芯片平台的编译与运行，并支撑应用和服务运行在手机、个人电脑、平板、电视、汽车和智能穿戴等多种设备上的需求。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a6/a6d1d450f840be66697159211c93abdf.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图4 ArkCompiler 3.0原理图","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本次推出的ArkCompiler 3.0包含以下关键特性：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"1. 前端编译器支持将多种高级语言（包括JS、TS和Java）编译成统一的字节码文件，屏蔽语言的差异，提升运行效率和程序启动性能。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"2. 提供多种端侧执行模式（解释器、JIT编译器和AOT编译器），形成结合设备和应用特征的多层次组合运行策略，满足不同设备硬件规格。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"解释器：启动快，执行性能一般，内存占用小。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"JIT编译器：启动需要预热，执行性能高，内存占用较高。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AOT编译器：启动快，执行性能高，内存占用高。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在低端IoT设备上，ArkCompiler 3.0支持纯解释器的执行模式，以满足小设备的内存限制条件。在高端设备上，ArkCompiler 3.0支持解释器配合AOT和JIT编译器的执行模式，对大部分应用代码使用AOT编译器编译，使得程序一开始就可以运行在高质量的优化代码上，获得最好的执行性能。在其它设备上，则根据设备的硬件条件限制来选择策略，设定高频使用需要AOT编译的代码范围，其它代码则依靠解释器配合JIT编译器运行，使得应用执行性能能够得到最大化。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"3. ArkCompiler 3.0特别对TS/JS做了针对性优化规划，目标是提升执行性能1倍。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"四、DevEco Studio 3.0","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"HUAWEI DevEco Studio是面向全场景多设备，提供一站式的原子化服务&HarmonyOS应用开发平台。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DevEco Studio 3.0为开发、调试和测试三个阶段都提供了更多功能来提升跨端应用开发效率。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"1. 开发阶段，DevEco Studio 3.0提供的以下功能帮助开发者实现跨端高效编码。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 支持ArkUI3.0框架，提供eTS超级终端工程模板，支持开发者一键创建跨端应用工程。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 提供实时双向预览能力，开发者在编写代码的同时可以便捷调整UI界面。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/85/850fb92369f9c7fff3bdf7bb132f8567.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图5 实时预览","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 一次开发，多端部署，支持同一个工程在手机、平板、车机等多种设备上运行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/f1/f15740973321b93ddf35010d2697ca5c.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图6 一次开发，多端部署","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"2. 调试阶段，DevEco Studio 3.0提供以下功能帮助开发者降低跨端分布式调测门槛。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 提供分布式远程模拟器，降低开发者跨端应用调试的成本。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 提供可视化跨设备网络连接和内存堆栈功能，降低开发者跨端应用调试的难度。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/08/0841f6773f9ff7de5bba63b1ab8fbfaf.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图7 跨端分布式调测","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"3. 集成测试阶段，DevEco Studio 3.0的云端服务平台DevEco Service提供远程实验室和集成测试服务“DevEco Testing”，帮助开发者云端一键式完成跨端应用集成测试。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ 远程实验室提供7*24小时华为真机环境，涵盖华为1+8全类型真机设备，免除购置和维护成本，解决开发者在测试应用时无设备或设备类型不全的问题。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"■ DevEco Testing在远程实验室的基础上，为开发者提供一键式跨端应用集成测试服务，覆盖兼容性、稳定性、性能、功耗、UX测试、安全等测试。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/04/041a34397bc846ec8adf29e262356669.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图8 DevEco Service云端服务平台","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"集成测试服务DevEco Testing链接：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://devecostudio.huawei.com/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://devecostudio.huawei.com/","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"五、TS/JS API","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"截止HDC.Together 2021主题演讲会当天，Harmony SDK新增6000+ TS/JS API，支持跨端应用高效开发。涵盖以下能力：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分布式系统服务：跨端服务拉起、跨端服务调用、跨端服务迁移等","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"多媒体能力：录音、播放、图片解码等","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"多线程并发能力：Workers多线程能力、线程间数据共享等","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"声明式UI能力：MVVM编程模型、丰富UI组件、动效能力、原子布局能力等","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当前，TS/JS API 支持富媒体类应用场景开发，比如图库类、日历类等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们计划在2022年提供增强UI组件和增强分布式能力的TS/JS API版本，全面支持华为超级终端下三方重度应用场景开发，比如咨询类、影音类、社交类、购物类等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最后，我们来看看HarmonyOS 3.0.0的版本特性路标：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e1/e13e8e96a31f707edf7be8d3a7ea1d45.webp","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":9}}],"text":"图9 版本特性路标","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上就是HarmonyOS 3.0.0开发者预览版发布内容。欢迎各位开发者小伙伴们到HarmonyOS官网下载工具和资源包，提前尝鲜HarmonyOS 3.0.0的新特性，感谢您一路陪伴HarmonyOS的成长！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更多HarmonyOS 3.0.0开发特性和路标详细信息，请访问官网HarmonyOS 3.0.0专题页：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/develop/harmonyos-sdk","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/develop/harmonyos-sdk","attrs":{}}]}]}]}