@Validated和@Valid的區別
在Controller中校驗方法參數時,使用@Valid和@Validated並無特殊差異(若不需要分組校驗的話)
@Valid:標準JSR-303規範的標記型註解,用來標記驗證屬性和方法返回值,進行級聯和遞歸校驗
@Validated:Spring的註解,是標準JSR-303的一個變種(補充),提供了一個分組功能,可以在入參驗證時,根據不同的分組採用不同的驗證機制
方法級別:
@Validated註解可以用於類級別,用於支持Spring進行方法級別的參數校驗。@Valid可以用在屬性級別約束,用來表示級聯校驗。
@Validated只能用在類、方法和參數上,而@Valid可用於方法、字段、構造器和參數上
如何使用
這兩個包要同時導入!
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/pushInfo/patient")
public AjaxResult pushInfoPatient(@Valid @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
public class BizPatient {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@NotNull(message = "id不能爲空")
private Long patientId;
}
如何分組校驗?
有時候我們需要在不同的Controller中校驗不同的字段
Controller
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/pushInfo/patient")
public AjaxResult pushInfoPatient(
@Validated(BizPatient.SaveGroup.class) @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/patient/signerInfo")
public AjaxResult getSignerInfo(
@Validated(BizPatient.SelectGroup.class) @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
javaBean
public class BizPatient {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* $column.columnComment
*/
//非空判斷
@NotNull(groups = {SaveGroup.class, SelectGroup.class}, message = "patientId 不能爲空")
private Long patientId
}
如何校驗關聯對象?
@PostMapping(value = "/saveOrUpdate")
public GbmResult saveOrUpdate(@RequestBody @Validated GdVo gdVo) {
}
@Data
public class GdVo {
@Valid
private GdAfterSalesDto gdAfterSalesDto;
@Valid
private List<GdProcessRecordDto> gdProcessRecordDto;
}
手動校驗工具類
- 有時候註解不生效,我們可以手動校驗
- 或者一個接口同時做add和update。如addAndUpdate接口。這個時候我們不好使用分組校驗。只能手動校驗
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.Validation;
import javax.validation.Validator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class ValidParameterUtils {
private static Validator validator;
static {
validator = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory().getValidator();
}
public static void validParameter(BindingResult validResult){
if (validResult.hasErrors()){
throw new GBMException(validResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage(),GbmResultCode.PARAMETER_EXCEPTION.code());
}
}
public static void validateEntity(Object object, Class<?>... groups)
throws GBMException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(object, groups);
if (!constraintViolations.isEmpty()) {
StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
for(ConstraintViolation<Object> constraint: constraintViolations){
msg.append(constraint.getMessage()).append(" ");
}
throw new GBMException(msg.toString(),GbmResultCode.FAIL.code());
}
}
/**
* @Des 返回錯誤信息
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/2/28 9:24
*/
public static String validateEntityRString(Object object, Class<?>... groups) {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(object, groups);
return constraintViolations.stream().map(ConstraintViolation::getMessage).collect(Collectors.joining(" "));
}
}
使用
public class ZskQuestionsAndAnswersVo {
@NotNull(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "knowledgeId爲空")
private Long knowledgeId;
@Length(max = 100, min = 1, message = "問題必須在1-100字符之間")
@NotBlank(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "problemContent爲空")
private String problemContent;
@Length(max = 500, min = 1, message = "回答必須在1-500字符之間")
@NotBlank(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "answer爲空")
private String answer;
}
@PostMapping(value = "/addQuestionsAndAnswers")
public GbmResult addQuestionsAndAnswers(@RequestParam("img") MultipartFile[] img,
@RequestParam("vedio") MultipartFile[] vedio,
@Valid ZskQuestionsAndAnswersVo zskQuestionsAndAnswersVo) {
ValidParameterUtils.validateEntity(zskQuestionsAndAnswersVo,AddGroup.class);
}
還需定義全局異常處理器
@RestControllerAdvice
@Order(100)
public class GBMExceptionHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
//處理Get請求中 使用@Valid 驗證路徑中請求實體校驗失敗後拋出的異常
@ExceptionHandler(org.springframework.validation.BindException.class)
@ResponseBody
public GbmResult BindExceptionHandler(BindingResult e) {
String message = e.getAllErrors().stream().map(DefaultMessageSourceResolvable::getDefaultMessage).collect(Collectors.joining());
return GbmResult.error(GbmResultCode.PARAMETER_EXCEPTION.getCode(),message);
}
校驗List
Controller類上加@Validated
@Validated
public class ZskKnowledgeController {
handel方法上加
@PostMapping(value = "/saveOrUpdateZskAccessories")
public GbmResult saveOrUpdateZskAccessories(@RequestBody @Valid List<ZskAccessoriesListType> zskKnowledgeVoList) {
註解含義
@Pattern(regexp = "1[3|4|5|7|8][0-9]\d{8}",message = "手機號碼格式不正確")
@NotEmpty(message ="returnAndExchangeInformation 不能爲空")
@NotNull(message ="knowledgeId 不能爲空")
@Digits(integer = 10, fraction = 2, message = "補發運費格式錯誤")
@Length(max = 50, min = 1, message = "配件名稱必須在1-50字符之間")
Constraint 詳細信息
@AssertFalse 該值必須爲False
@AssertTrue 該值必須爲True
@DecimalMax(value,inclusive) 被註釋的元素必須是一個數字,其值必須小於等於指定的最大值 ,inclusive表示是否包含該值
@DecimalMin(value,inclusive) 被註釋的元素必須是一個數字,其值必須大於等於指定的最小值 ,inclusive表示是否包含該值
@Digits 限制必須爲一個小數,且整數部分的位數不能超過integer,小數部分的位數不能超過fraction
@Email 該值必須爲郵箱格式
@Future 被註釋的元素必須是一個將來的日期
@FutureOrPresent 被註釋的元素必須是一個現在或將來的日期
@Max(value) 被註釋的元素必須是一個數字,其值必須小於等於指定的最大值
@Min(value) 被註釋的元素必須是一個數字,其值必須大於等於指定的最小值
@Negative 該值必須小於0
@NegativeOrZero 該值必須小於等於0
@NotBlank 該值不爲空字符串,例如“ ”
@NotEmpty 該值不爲空字符串
@NotNull 該值不爲Null
@Null 該值必須爲Null
@Past 被註釋的元素必須是一個過去的日期
@PastOrPresent 被註釋的元素必須是一個過去或現在的日期
@Pattern(regexp) 匹配正則
@Positive 該值必須大於0
@PositiveOrZero 該值必須大於等於0
@Size(min,max) 數組大小必須在[min,max]這個區間
自定義註解
手動實現一個自定義註解,做到靈活指定字符串字段只包含數字、字母、特殊符號、中文的校驗
import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
@Target({ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Constraint(
validatedBy = {ContainCharValidator.class}
)
public @interface ContainChar {
String message() default "";
Class<?>[] groups() default {};
//必須包含這個,否則報錯
//javax.validation.ConstraintDefinitionException: HV000074: com.gbm.cloud.treasure.entity.zsk.ContainChar contains Constraint annotation, but does not contain a payload parameter.
Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
ContainCharEnum[] value() default {ContainCharEnum.CHINESE, ContainCharEnum.NUMBER, ContainCharEnum.LETTER, ContainCharEnum.SYMBOL};
}
/**
* @Des
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/3/1 14:38
*/
public class ContainCharValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ContainChar, String> {
private String message;
private ContainCharEnum[] values;
private Class<?>[] groups;
@Override
public void initialize(ContainChar constraintAnnotation) {
this.message = constraintAnnotation.message();
this.values = constraintAnnotation.value();
this.groups = constraintAnnotation.groups();
}
/**
* @Des 遍歷,全都不包含才返回false
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/3/1 13:49
*/
public boolean isValid2(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : values) {
switch (containCharEnum) {
case CHINESE:
if (!CHINESE.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case NUMBER:
if (!NUMBER.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case SYMBOL:
if (!SYMBOL.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case LETTER:
if (!LETTER.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return true;
}
//遍歷,全都不包含才返回false || 包含之外的就返回false
// !(包含一個 && 只包含內部)
@Override
public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
HashSet<Boolean> booleans = new HashSet<>(2);
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : values) {
booleans.add(containCharEnum.getPattern().matcher(value).find());
stringBuilder.append(containCharEnum);
}
//不包含true-->全都是false-->全都不包含
if (!booleans.contains(Boolean.TRUE)) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message + value + "不包含 " + stringBuilder).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
Set<ContainCharEnum> noFindSet = Arrays.stream(values()).filter(m -> !ArrayUtil.contains(values, m)).collect(Collectors.toSet());
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : noFindSet) {
if (containCharEnum.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默認消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定義返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message + value + "不能包含 " + containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
public enum ContainCharEnum {
CHINESE(0, "中文",Pattern.compile("[\u4E00-\u9FA5|\\!|\\,|\\。|\\(|\\)|\\《|\\》|\\“|\\”|\\?|\\:|\\;|\\【|\\】]")),
NUMBER(1, "數字", Pattern.compile("[0-9]")),
LETTER(2, "字母",Pattern.compile(".*[a-zA-Z]+.*")),
SYMBOL(3, "特殊符號",Pattern.compile(".*[`~!@#$%^&*()+=|{}':;',\\[\\]·.<>/?~!@#¥%……&*()——+|{}【】‘;:”“’。,、?\\\\]+.*"));
@EnumValue//標記數據庫存的值是code
private Integer code;
@JsonValue
private String desc;
private Pattern pattern;
ContainCharEnum(Integer code, String desc,Pattern pattern) {
this.code = code;
this.desc = desc;
this.pattern = pattern;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return desc;
}
public int getValue() {
return code;
}
public Pattern getPattern() {
return pattern;
}
}