在RockyLinux 9.3環境中採用RPM模式部署Oracle 19C

用途

在開發數據庫系統時，可以驗證功能是否與Oracle的表現一致，驗證正確性和兼容性

限制

虛擬機安裝，CPU 2*4 內存16G 磁盤100G
目標生產環境是RHEL 9.X，學習環境採用Rocky Linux 9.3
選擇Oracle版本是長期支持版19C
只驗證基礎的功能，可以禁用CDB PDB
安裝的Oracle只需要功能驗證不用於生產環境，也不進行性能測試

查找資料

bing上查找資料，一般找到的安裝Oracle的資料是CentOS 7.x,8.x，而9.x的比較少，找到：
- 基於RHEL9,ORACLE LINUX 9安裝Oracle 19c 數據庫
  可惜文中表示安裝Oracle時需要安裝庫補丁，流程還是比較麻煩
- linux安裝oracle19c完整版(圖形+靜默安裝) 系統參數都是手工設置和通過界面設置，可以參考
直接查找官方文檔
- Oracle Database Installation Guide 19c for Linux
  發現最新的19C沒有要求安裝補丁，並且支持RPM方式安裝，過程非常簡潔，嘗試成功後總結，供大家參考。

準備環境

安裝虛擬機的過程不再贅述，安裝後需要做的準備工作如下：

關閉防火牆

#檢查防火牆狀態
systemctl status firewalld.service 
#關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld.service 
#禁止開機啓動防火牆
systemctl disable firewalld.service

關閉SELINUX

vi /etc/selinux/config

編輯內容：

#SELINUX=enforcing  #註釋掉
SELINUX=disabled  #增加

存盤退出，下次重新啓動後生效。如果想使配置立即生效，執行：

setenforce 0

配置域名
採用修改/etc/hostname的方式，重啓後生效

vi /etc/hostname
oracle19c.learning.cn

配置域名解析

vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.154.19 oracle19c oracle19c.learning.cn

配置軟件源
事先將rocky linux 9.3的ISO mount到/mnt/rocky9/

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky.repo
[baseos]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/rocky9/BaseOS/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
countme=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Rocky-9

[appstream]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/rocky9/AppStream/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
countme=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Rocky-9

準備Oracle RPM

預安裝RPM：
訪問Oracle Linux 9的軟件源，如x86對應的是: https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL9/appstream/x86_64/，
找到對應Oracle 19c的預安裝版本，如 oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm，下載該預安裝rpm
Oracle 19C:
訪問 Oracle下載頁找到最新的19C版本，如
oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm,然後下載到本地

Linux共享Windows目錄
爲了節省Linux的磁盤空間，直接在Linux中訪問Windows下載的rpm

在Windows中共享保存rpm的文件夾，如名稱爲//192.168.154.1/Oracle
在Linux中鏈接Windows的共享

mkdir -p /mnt/oracle
mount -t cifs -o username=xxxx,password=yyyy //192.168.154.1/Oracle /mnt/oracle

請把"xxxx","yyyy"換成實際的用戶名和密碼

部署Oracle預安裝RPM包

按官方文檔，安裝 Preinstallation RPM時會：

解析Oracle Grid Infrastructure和Oracle Database所需的依賴項,並自動下載和安裝對應的RPM包
創建oracle用戶，將其加入新創建的oraInventory (oinstall)和 OSDBA (dba)組中
按Oracle數據庫預安裝RPM程序的建議設置sysctl.conf、系統啓動參數和驅動程序參數
設置硬和軟資源限制 Linux進程資源訪問限制
根據內核版本設置其他推薦參數
在Linux x86_64和Linux aarch64機器的內核中設置numa=off

dnf install -y /mnt/oracle/19c/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:14 ago on Wed 17 Apr 2024 12:02:20 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================
 Package                              Architecture  Version                  Repository          Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-preinstall-19c       x86_64        1.0-1.el9                @commandline        33 k
Installing dependencies:
 chkconfig                            x86_64        1.24-1.el9               baseos             161 k
 gssproxy                             x86_64        0.8.4-6.el9              baseos             108 k
 initscripts                          x86_64        10.11.5-1.el9            baseos             210 k
 keyutils                             x86_64        1.6.3-1.el9              baseos              72 k
 ksh                                  x86_64        3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9     appstream          879 k
 libXxf86dga                          x86_64        1.1.5-8.el9              appstream           20 k
 libaio-devel                         x86_64        0.3.111-13.el9           appstream           10 k
 libdmx                               x86_64        1.1.4-12.el9             appstream           16 k
 libev                                x86_64        4.33-5.el9               baseos              52 k
 libnfsidmap                          x86_64        1:2.5.4-20.el9           baseos              60 k
 libnsl                               x86_64        2.34-83.el9.7            baseos              77 k
 libverto-libev                       x86_64        0.3.2-3.el9              baseos              13 k
 nfs-utils                            x86_64        1:2.5.4-20.el9           baseos             425 k
 rpcbind                              x86_64        1.2.6-5.el9              baseos              56 k
 sssd-nfs-idmap                       x86_64        2.9.1-4.el9_3            baseos              42 k
 xorg-x11-utils                       x86_64        7.5-40.el9               appstream          106 k
 xorg-x11-xauth                       x86_64        1:1.1-10.el9             appstream           36 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install  18 Packages

Total size: 2.3 M
Installed size: 7.5 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                            1/1 
  Installing       : libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                         1/18 
  Installing       : ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64                           2/18 
  Running scriptlet: ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64                           2/18 
  Installing       : libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64                                3/18 
  Installing       : libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64                            4/18 
  Installing       : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64                          5/18 
  Installing       : xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64                        6/18 
  Installing       : libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64                        7/18 
  Installing       : libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64                               8/18 
  Installing       : keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64                               9/18 
  Installing       : libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64                                  10/18 
  Installing       : libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64                        11/18 
  Installing       : gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64                              12/18 
  Running scriptlet: gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64                              12/18 
  Running scriptlet: rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64                               13/18 
  Installing       : rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64                               13/18 
  Running scriptlet: rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64                               13/18 
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rpcbind.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/rpcbind.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.socket.

  Running scriptlet: nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                          14/18 
  Installing       : nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                          14/18 
  Running scriptlet: nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                          14/18 
  Installing       : chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64                              15/18 
  Installing       : initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64                         16/18 
  Running scriptlet: initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64                         16/18 
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/import-state.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/import-state.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/loadmodules.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/loadmodules.service.

  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64          17/18 
  Installing       : oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64          17/18 
  Installing       : sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64                      18/18 
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64          18/18 
  Running scriptlet: sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64                      18/18 
  Verifying        : chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64                               1/18 
  Verifying        : libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64                         2/18 
  Verifying        : initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64                          3/18 
  Verifying        : rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64                                4/18 
  Verifying        : libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64                                   5/18 
  Verifying        : sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64                       6/18 
  Verifying        : gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64                               7/18 
  Verifying        : nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                           8/18 
  Verifying        : libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64                         9/18 
  Verifying        : keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64                              10/18 
  Verifying        : libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64                              11/18 
  Verifying        : libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64                       12/18 
  Verifying        : xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64                       13/18 
  Verifying        : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64                         14/18 
  Verifying        : libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64                           15/18 
  Verifying        : libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64                               16/18 
  Verifying        : ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64                          17/18 
  Verifying        : oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64          18/18 

Installed:
  chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64          gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64          initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64
  keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64          ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64      libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64
  libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64   libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64           libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64
  libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64    libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64          libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64 
  nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64      oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64     
  rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64           sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64  
  xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64     xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64                 

Complete!

注意：安裝完成後重新啓動系統，確認所有的系統參數已經應用

驗證預安裝RPM的工作成果（不是強迫症無需關注這一部分）

檢查依賴項，執行命令

dnf repoquery --requires oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
/bin/sh
/etc/redhat-release
/usr/bin/bash
bc
bind-utils
binutils
ethtool
glibc
glibc-devel
initscripts
ksh
libaio
libaio-devel
libgcc
libnsl
libstdc++
libstdc++-devel
make
module-init-tools
net-tools
nfs-utils
openssh-clients
pam
policycoreutils
policycoreutils-python-utils
procps
psmisc
smartmontools
sysstat
tar
unzip
util-linux-ng
xorg-x11-utils
xorg-x11-xauth

顯示所有的依賴項，說明在部署預安裝RPM過程中，檢查3個文件和31個rpm的依賴關係

檢查系統配置/etc/sysctl.conf 增加了內容

cat /etc/sysctl.conf

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
fs.file-max = 6815744

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64
kernel.shmall = 1073741824

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19212317
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 262144

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter is 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter is 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

注: 原文件備份在/etc/sysctl.d/99-initial-sysctl.conf

檢查系統配置/etc/sysconfig/network 增加了內容

cat /etc/sysconfig/network
# Created by anaconda
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c : Add NOZEROCONF=yes
NOZEROCONF=yes

檢查進程資源配置

cat /etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nofile soft limit is 1024
oracle   soft   nofile    1024

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nofile hard limit is 65536
oracle   hard   nofile    65536

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nproc soft limit is 16384
# refer orabug15971421 for more info.
oracle   soft   nproc    16384

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nproc hard limit is 16384
oracle   hard   nproc    16384

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for stack soft limit is 10240KB
oracle   soft   stack    10240

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for stack hard limit is 32768KB
oracle   hard   stack    32768

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for memlock hard limit is maximum of 128GB on x86_64 or 3GB on x86 OR 90 % of RAM
oracle   hard   memlock    134217728

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for memlock soft limit is maximum of 128GB on x86_64 or 3GB on x86 OR 90% of RAM
oracle   soft   memlock    134217728

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for data soft limit is 'unlimited'
oracle   soft   data    unlimited

# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for data hard limit is 'unlimited'
oracle   hard   data    unlimited

檢查進啓動配置的變化

diff /boot/grub2/grub.cfg /boot/grub2/grub.cfg-oracle-database-preinstall-19c.orabackup
設置“numa=off transparent_hugepage=never”關閉了透明大頁和numa
<   set kernelopts="root=/dev/mapper/rl-root ro crashkernel=1G-4G:192M,4G-64G:256M,64G-:512M resume=/dev/mapper/rl-swap rd.lvm.lv=rl/root rd.lvm.lv=rl/swap rhgb quiet numa=off transparent_hugepage=never "
---
>   set kernelopts="root=/dev/mapper/rl-root ro crashkernel=1G-4G:192M,4G-64G:256M,64G-:512M resume=/dev/mapper/rl-swap rd.lvm.lv=rl/root rd.lvm.lv=rl/swap rhgb quiet "

注意：修改了內核參數，需要重新啓動

驗證創建用戶和用戶組

groups oracle
oracle : oinstall dba oper backupdba dgdba kmdba racdba
id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba)

從結果可見oracle屬於7個組

驗證透明大頁是否關閉

cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
always madvise [never]
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
always defer defer+madvise [madvise] never

也可以查看安裝日誌

cat /var/log/oracle-database-preinstall-19c/results/orakernel.log

安裝Oracle RPM

dnf install -y /mnt/oracle/19c/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:44 ago on Wed 17 Apr 2024 12:02:20 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
==========================================================================================================
 Package                                            Architecture      Version       Repository       Size
==========================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-ee-19c                             x86_64            1.0-1         @commandline    2.5 G

Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 2.5 G
Installed size: 6.9 G
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                  1/1 
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                              1/1 
  Installing       : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                              1/1 
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                              1/1 
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

  Verifying        : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                             1/1 

Installed:
  oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                    

Complete!

禁用CDB

vi /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c
...
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_VERSION=19c
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc
export CHARSET=AL32UTF8
export PDB_NAME=ORCLPDB1
export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER
export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1
export CREATE_AS_CDB=true
修改爲
export CREATE_AS_CDB=false

初始化數據庫

[root@oracle19c ansible]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
Prepare for db operation
10% complete
Copying database files
40% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
42% complete
46% complete
50% complete
54% complete
60% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.

可以查看詳細一點兒的日誌（輸出了時間）

cat /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log

本次初始化耗時6分鐘，對比沒有禁用CDB的一次實驗，初始化耗時15分鐘

修改oracle用戶的環境變量

su - oracle
vi .bashrc
# 在原文件最後增加
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

小技巧：修改.bashrc 而不是.bash_profile的原因是可以支持非登錄模式執行shell

驗證基本功能

返回root重新以oracle用戶執行

su - oracle
[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 17:23:03 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> create table t1(a int primary key,b varchar(16));
Table created.
SQL> insert into t1 values(100,'beijing');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into t1 values(200,'天津');
1 row created.
SQL> select * from t1 order by a desc;
         A B
---------- ----------------
       200 天津
       100 beijing

重新啓動系統後，發現服務不會自動重啓，設置自動重啓

採用RPM安裝並沒有設置自動重新啓動Oracle的服務，運行 sqlplus / as sysdba 執行簡單SQL報錯，信息如下：

[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 22:59:25 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> select * from t1 ;
select * from t1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

所以要手工增加自動重啓的服務，此處主要參考ORACLE 19C 在centos 7的本地rpm包安裝及調試，個別地方稍作修正

設置公共環境變量文件

vi /etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB

創建監聽服務

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Net Listener
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop
User=oracle

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

創建服務啓動服務

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Database service
After=syslog.target network.target lsnrctl.service

[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
User=oracle

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

設置啓動

vi /etc/oratab
...
#ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:N
#將此處原來的N修改爲Y
ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y

激活服務
systemctl enable ORCLCDB@lsnrctl
systemctl enable ORCLCDB@oracledb
小技巧，先不忙着啓動系統，先手工啓動服務進行驗證

systemctl start ORCLCDB@lsnrctl
systemctl start ORCLCDB@oracledb

如果有錯誤信息，則通過 systemctl status ORCLCDB@lsnrctl 分析問題

重啓後檢驗服務狀態

[root@oracle19c ansible]# netstat -tunlp | grep -E '1521|5500'
tcp6       0      0 :::5500                 :::*                    LISTEN      1090/tnslsnr        
tcp6       0      0 :::1521                 :::*                    LISTEN      1090/tnslsnr        
[root@oracle19c ansible]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 23:21:52 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> select * from t2 ;
         A B
---------- ----------------
       100 beijing
       200 天津

總結

本文的內容主要來自網絡，但是經過了本人多次的驗證和整理，剔除了一些不必要的環節，也爲大家跳過了一些坑。如果有不足之處，請不吝指正，我一定及時修改更新。

1、RPM安裝的限制

僅用於安裝 Oracle 數據庫軟件，RAC不能這樣安裝，並且扣除preinstallation，安裝rpm的難度與靜默安裝相當。
RPM 只能用於安裝軟件，而不能用於更新軟件
無法控制軟件安裝的目錄，即不一定能滿足企業安裝規範的目錄約束
推薦僅用於實驗環境，不要用於生產環境

2、一些坑（網上個別文檔有些筆誤）

19C 缺省在/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c 設置了字符集爲AL32UTF8，無需在其他地方設置服務器字符集
/etc/hosts 一定要設置正確，但是無需刪除127.0.0.1，::1 那兩行
預安裝RPM準備的內容見“驗證預安裝RPM的工作成果”部分，這些工作都不需要手工執行
僅僅功能驗證的話不要啓動CDB，否則連創建一個普通用戶都要好幾步操作

在RockyLinux 9.3環境中採用RPM模式部署Oracle 19C

在RockyLinux 9.3環境中採用RPM模式部署Oracle 19C

用途

限制

查找資料

準備環境

部署Oracle預安裝RPM包

驗證預安裝RPM的工作成果（不是強迫症無需關注這一部分）

安裝Oracle RPM

禁用CDB

初始化數據庫

修改oracle用戶的環境變量

驗證基本功能

重新啓動系統後，發現服務不會自動重啓，設置自動重啓

總結

1、RPM安裝的限制

2、一些坑（網上個別文檔有些筆誤）

.Net 8.0 下的新RPC，IceRPC之試試的新玩法"打洞"

完美替代postman的軟件

Vue mockjs mock.js

關於遊戲付費的一點想法

我通過CKA和CKS啦！

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在RockyLinux 9.3環境中採用RPM模式部署Oracle 19C

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最簡編譯CockroachDB 21.2

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https://yachay.unat.edu.pe/blog/index.php?comment_area=format_blog&comment_component=blog&comment_co

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