windows平臺使用Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7編譯python擴展
在windows平臺上安裝python c extension的擴展包是件很痛苦的事情，一般通過安裝vc/vs系列來編譯C擴展，不過安裝包都比較大。或者通過mingw編譯，不過有時會在兼容性上出現點問題。
有個好消息就是微軟爲Python提供了專用的編譯器Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7（包含32位和64位） 下載地址: http://aka.ms/vcpython27（這個貌似是進入官網了，然後搜索即可找到）
提示：在此感謝@ThunderEX的提醒，setuptools 6.0及後續版本可以自動識別Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7了，趕緊升級吧。如果不能升級，請參考下面的操作步驟。
1.下載完成並安裝。以本機爲例，安裝完成後的路徑爲:
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C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual
C++ for Python\9.0 |
2.修改python安裝目錄下Lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py文件(如有必要可能msvccompiler.py文件也需要做相應更改，視系統而定)，找到get_build_version方法直接return 9.0
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def get_build_version(): """Return
the version of MSVC that was used to build Python. For
Python 2.3 and up, the version number is included in sys.version.
For earlier versions, assume the compiler is MSVC 6. """ return 9.0 prefix = "MSC
v." i = sys.version.find(prefix) if i == -1: return 6 i = i + len(prefix) s,
rest = sys.version[i:].split("
", 1) majorVersion = int(s[:-2]) - 6 minorVersion = int(s[2:3]) / 10.0 #
I don't think paths are affected by minor version in version 6 if majorVersion == 6: minorVersion = 0 if majorVersion
>= 6: return majorVersion + minorVersion #
else we don't know what version of the compiler this is return None |
然後再找到find_vcvarsall方法直接返回vcvarsall.bat的路徑（以自己機器安裝後的路徑爲準）
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def find_vcvarsall(version): """Find
the vcvarsall.bat file At
first it tries to find the productdir of VS 2008 in the registry. If that
fails it falls back to the VS90COMNTOOLS env var. """ return r'C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual
C++ for Python\9.0\vcvarsall.bat' vsbase = VS_BASE % version try: productdir = Reg.get_value(r"%s\Setup\VC" % vsbase, "productdir") except KeyError: productdir = None #
trying Express edition if productdir is None: vsbase = VSEXPRESS_BASE % version try: productdir = Reg.get_value(r"%s\Setup\VC" % vsbase, "productdir") except KeyError: productdir = None log.debug("Unable
to find productdir in registry") if not productdir or not os.path.isdir(productdir): toolskey = "VS%0.f0COMNTOOLS" % version toolsdir = os.environ.get(toolskey, None) if toolsdir and os.path.isdir(toolsdir): productdir = os.path.join(toolsdir,
os.pardir, os.pardir, "VC") productdir = os.path.abspath(productdir) if not os.path.isdir(productdir): log.debug("%s
is not a valid directory" % productdir) return None else: log.debug("Env
var %s is not set or invalid" % toolskey) if not productdir: log.debug("No
productdir found") return None vcvarsall = os.path.join(productdir, "vcvarsall.bat") if os.path.isfile(vcvarsall): return vcvarsall log.debug("Unable
to find vcvarsall.bat") return None |
3.上述完成之後就可以在windwos下正常編譯python的C擴展。以pycrypto-2.6.1爲例，執行如下命令
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python
setup.py install |
當然也可以建立一個windows的二進制包
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python
setup.py bdist_wininst |