之前寫過一個連接數據庫的spring mvc annotation的一個實例(點擊這裏查看)。
當我們啓動Web項目時要先啓動Tomcat,而在Tomcat的啓動過程中會讀取spring項目的的各個配置文件,實例化各個注入的類,所以我們的程序中直接使用註解就可以操作各個類。
但是如果按普通的項目測試,就缺少了讀取配置文件的過程,所以當你調用一個類方法時會出現空指針錯誤,因爲類沒有實例化。
對Spring MVC Dao的JUnit的測試。
下面是對上面提到的實例中的UserDao.class的測試,內容如下:
package org.spring.wayne.dao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.spring.wayne.web.form.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:WebContent/WEB-INF/springMVCForm-servlet.xml" })
public class UserDaoTest {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Test
public void test() {
User user = new User();
user.setUserName("u");
user.setPassword("p");
userDao.addUser(user);
}
}
右鍵->Run as->JUnit Test運行,無誤。查詢數據庫顯示已經插入數據庫。對Spring MVC Controller的JUnit的測試。
下面是對上面提到的實例中的RegController.class的測試,內容如下:
package org.spring.wayne.web.controller;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.spring.wayne.web.form.User;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.ui.ExtendedModelMap;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
public class RegControllerTest {
@Mock
private BindingResult mockBindingResult;
@Before
public void setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
Mockito.when(mockBindingResult.hasErrors()).thenReturn(true);
}
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
MockHttpServletResponse response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
RegController regController = new RegController();
Model model = new ExtendedModelMap();
User user = new User();
user.setUserName("uuuuuuu");
user.setPassword("ppppppp");
String result = regController.handler(user, mockBindingResult, model, request, response);
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals("register", result);
}
@After
public void destroy() {
}
}
右鍵->Run as->JUnit Test運行,無誤。讀取WEB-INF下配置文件的方法:
配置文件放在class目錄下:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springMVCForm-servlet.xml");
WEB-INF下:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("WebContent/WEB-INF/springMVCForm-servlet.xml");
多個文件可用*表示:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("WebContent/WEB-INF/springMVCForm-*.xml");
註解方式:配置文件放在class目錄下:
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:springMVCForm-servlet.xml"})
WEB-INF下:
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:WebContent/WEB-INF/springMVCForm-servlet.xml"})
使用註解時,Junit報錯:
java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: NULL
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.<init>(ParentRunner.java:48)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:58)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:104)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.buildRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:28)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.<init>(JUnit4TestReference.java:33)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestClassReference.<init>(JUnit4TestClassReference.java:25)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:48)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:452)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
經檢查是jar包衝突,我在建項目的時候,myeclipse有自動加入junit4,而後面我又自己加入Junit4.8.1。如果報以下錯誤,則是junit包版本太低,需要4.5或以上的版本:
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:252)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
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