Centos6.4 Kickstart 自動安裝操作系統
準備工作：
掛載光盤：
# mount /dev/cdrom /media/
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
配置本地yum 源：
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# mkdir repo
# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo repo
# mv CentOS-[^M]* repo
# vim CentOS-Media.repo
[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///media
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
1.安裝所需軟件包
vsftpd 提供客戶端安裝時所需的操作系統文件
dhcp 爲客氣端提供IP地址
tftp-server 提供pxe已經文件的加載
syslinux 提供pxelinux.0 引導文件
system-config-kickstart 圖形界面，提供ks文件的生成
# yum install -y vsftpd dhcp tftp-server system-config-kickstart syslinux
2.配置tftp-server
# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
disable = no
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /install/tftpboot
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
# mkdir /install/tftpboot
# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart #重啓xinetd服務，因爲tftp-server受xinetd服務所管理
# chkconfig tftp on #開啓tftp-server
# chkconfig xinetd on
3.配置dhcp Server
# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
ddns-update-style none; #關閉DDNS更新
default-lease-time 259200; #默認租約
max-lease-time 518400; #最大租約
subnet 192.168.7.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #要分配IP的網段
range 192.168.7.223 192.168.7.230; #要分配IP的範圍
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; #子網掩碼
option routers 192.168.7.1; #默認網關
option domain-name-servers 192.168.6.200; #DNS 服務器
next-server 192.168.7.222; #tftp-server服務器IP
filename "pxelinux.0"; #預啓動文件pxelinux.0
}
啓動dhcp服務
# service dhcpd start
Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
4.配置vsftpd
# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
# chkconfig vsftpd on
# mkdir -p /var/ftp/install/centos6.4
將光盤製作成iso文件到本地，避免安裝時從光盤讀取文件（這樣會很慢）。
# mkdir /install/
# dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/install/CentOS6_4.iso
將光盤掛載到/var/ftp/install/centos6.4
# mount -o loop /install/CentOS6_4.iso /var/ftp/install/centos6.4/
加入開機啓動
# vim /etc/fstab
/install/CentOS6_4.iso /var/ftp/install/centos6.4 iso9660 defaults,loop 0 0
5.拷貝安裝所需相關文件
# cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/vesamenu.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /install/tftpboot/
# mkdir /install/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
解釋：
menu.c32 <==提供開機選單功能
pxelinux.0 <==開機管理程序
pxelinux.cfg <==開機選單設置
vesamenu.c32 <==圖形界面選單
# mkdir -p /install/tftpboot/kernel/centos6.4
# cp /media/isolinux/vmlinuz /install/tftpboot/kernel/centos6.4
# cp /media/isolinux/initrd.img /install/tftpboot/kernel/centos6.4
# cp /media/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /install/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
解釋：
vmlinuz： <==內核文件(kernel file)；
initrd.img： <==開機過程中的核心內核模塊組；
isolinux.cfg --> default：<== PXE開機選單的參考配置文件
6.設置開機選單
# vim /install/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
UI vesamenu.c32
TIMEOUT 300
DISPLAY ./boot.msg
MENU TITLE Welcome to PXE Server System
LABEL local
MENU LABEL Boot from local drive
MENU DEFAULT
localboot 0
LABEL network1
MENU LABEL Boot from PXE Server for Install CentOS 6.4
kernel ./kernel/centos6.4/vmlinuz
append initrd=./kernel/centos6.4/initrd.img
# vim /install/tftpboot/boot.msg
Welcome to PXE Server System.
The 1st menu can let you system goto hard disk menu.
The 2nd menu can goto interactive installation step.
7.生成ks.cfg文件
# mkdir -p /var/ftp/install/kickstart
# system-config-kickstart
# cat /var/ftp/install/kickstart/ks.cfg
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://192.168.7.222/install/centos6.4"
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$diqzmtsG$8Yx12A/JVqZh7HoQGa9FO/
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone --isUtc Africa/Abidjan
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr --md5pass="$1$toKu.eEZ$pkqnZY.psEMYA4L7spHs20"
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048
part / --fstype="ext4" --size=10000
%post
yum install -y vim
#!/bin/sh
mkdir -p /root/.ssh
chmod 700 /root/.ssh
chown root.root /root/.ssh
echo "你所要管理新安裝客戶端的公鑰" >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 644 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown root.root /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
%end
%packages
@basic-desktop
@chinese-support
%end
編輯default文件，指定ks文件
# vim /install/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
………………
append initrd=./kernel/centos6.4/initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.7.222/install/kickstart/ks.cfg
8.測試，到此爲止kickstart自動部署操作系統已經完成