Spring MVC 教程,快速入門,深入分析——如何給spring3 MVC中的Action做JUnit單元測試

 十三、如何給spring3 MVC中的Action做JUnit單元測試？

 使用了spring3 MVC後，給action做單元測試變得很方便，我以前從來不給action寫單元測試的，現在可以根據情況寫一些了。

 不用給每個Action都寫單元測試吧，自己把握吧。

 

 JUnitActionBase類是所有JUnit的測試類的父類

Java代碼  

package test;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping;
/**
* 說明： JUnit測試action時使用的基類
*
* @author  趙磊
* @version 創建時間：2011-2-2 下午10:27:03
*/
public class JUnitActionBase {
    private static HandlerMapping handlerMapping;
    private static HandlerAdapter handlerAdapter;
    /**
     * 讀取spring3 MVC配置文件
     */
    @BeforeClass
 public static void setUp() {
        if (handlerMapping == null) {
            String[] configs = { "file:src/springConfig/springMVC.xml" };
            XmlWebApplicationContext context = new XmlWebApplicationContext();
            context.setConfigLocations(configs);
            MockServletContext msc = new MockServletContext();
            context.setServletContext(msc);         context.refresh();
            msc.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, context);
            handlerMapping = (HandlerMapping) context
                    .getBean(DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping.class);
            handlerAdapter = (HandlerAdapter) context.getBean(context.getBeanNamesForType(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.class)[0]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 執行request對象請求的action
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public ModelAndView excuteAction(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws Exception {
        HandlerExecutionChain chain = handlerMapping.getHandler(request);
        final ModelAndView model = handlerAdapter.handle(request, response,
                chain.getHandler());
        return model;
    }
}

 

 

這是個JUnit測試類，我們可以new Request對象，來參與測試，太方便了。給request指定訪問的URL，就可以請求目標Action了。

 

Java代碼  

package test.com.app.user;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import test.JUnitActionBase;

/**
* 說明： 測試OrderAction的例子
*
* @author  趙磊
* @version 創建時間：2011-2-2 下午10:26:55
*/

public class TestOrderAction extends JUnitActionBase {
    @Test
    public void testAdd() throws Exception {
    MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
        MockHttpServletResponse response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
        request.setServletPath("/order/add");
        request.addParameter("id", "1002");
        request.addParameter("date", "2010-12-30");
        request.setMethod("POST");
        // 執行URI對應的action
        final ModelAndView mav = this.excuteAction(request, response);
        // Assert logic
        Assert.assertEquals("order/add", mav.getViewName());
        String msg=(String)request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }
}

 需要說明一下 ：由於當前最想版本的Spring(Test) 3.0.5還不支持@ContextConfiguration的註解式context file注入，所以還需要寫個setUp處理下，否則類似於Tiles的加載過程會有錯誤，因爲沒有ServletContext。3.1的版本應該有更好的解決方案，

參見： https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SPR-5243 。

參考 ：http://www.iteye.com/topic/828513