PHP解析Http協議&協議複習
最近在整理自己的知識體系，發現很多基礎已經忘得差不多了，所以重新學習一次。
Http協議
HTTP是一個應用層協議，由請求和響應構成，是一個標準的客戶端服務器模型。HTTP是一個無狀態的協議。
請求報文示例
GET /public/api/index?id=1 HTTP/1.1
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Connection: keep-alive
Host: 192.168.10.10:8088
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36
響應報文示例
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sun, 25 Oct 2015 15:43:47 GMT
Server: Apache
Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=4v2actjf96v614r2kh36380kq6; path=/
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: private
Pragma: no-cache
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Length: 5105
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
<html>
....
</html>
代碼
<?php
/*php實現監聽socket並實時解析Http後返回信息*/
$_POST = $_GET = $_COOKIE = $_REQUEST = $_SESSION = $_FILES = array();
//創建一個tcp套接字,並監聽8088端口
if($web = stream_socket_server('tcp://0.0.0.0:8088',$errno,$errstr)){
while(true){
//阻塞式讀取
$conn = @stream_socket_accept($web);
if($conn){
//這裏簡單點只讀取最多2048數據
//定長傳輸可以加入Content-Length判斷body的長度
//如果是對數據進行分塊傳輸，則判斷Transfer-Encoding: chunked，按照truncked協議分批讀取數據
$string = fread($conn,2048);
// var_dump(json_encode($string));
list($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SERVER, $_FILES) = parse_http($string);
fwrite($conn,response(json_encode(array('get'=>$_GET, 'post'=>$_POST, 'cookie'=>$_COOKIE, 'server'=>$_SERVER, 'files'=>$_FILES))));
fclose($conn);
}
}
}else{
die($errstr);
}
//響應
function response($str){
$content = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nServer: vruan_web/1.0.0\r\nContent-Length: " . strlen($str)."\r\nContent-type: application/json;charset=UTF-8"."\r\n\r\n{$str}";
return $content;
}
/*
* 函數:parse_http
* 描述:解析http協議
*/
function parse_http($http)
{
// 初始化
$_POST = $_GET = $_COOKIE = $_REQUEST = $_SESSION = $_FILES = array();
$GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA'] = '';
// 需要設置的變量名
$_SERVER = array (
'QUERY_STRING' => '',
'REQUEST_METHOD' => '',
'REQUEST_URI' => '',
'SERVER_PROTOCOL' => '',
'SERVER_SOFTWARE' => '',
'SERVER_NAME' => '',
'HTTP_HOST' => '',
'HTTP_USER_AGENT' => '',
'HTTP_ACCEPT' => '',
'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE' => '',
'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING' => '',
'HTTP_COOKIE' => '',
'HTTP_CONNECTION' => '',
'REMOTE_ADDR' => '',
'REMOTE_PORT' => '0',
);
// 將header分割成數組
list($http_header, $http_body) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $http, 2);
$header_data = explode("\r\n", $http_header);
list($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'], $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']) = explode(' ', $header_data[0]);
unset($header_data[0]);
foreach($header_data as $content)
{
// \r\n\r\n
if(empty($content))
{
continue;
}
list($key, $value) = explode(':', $content, 2);
$key = strtolower($key);
$value = trim($value);
switch($key)
{
// HTTP_HOST
case 'host':
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] = $value;
$tmp = explode(':', $value);
$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] = $tmp[0];
if(isset($tmp[1]))
{
$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] = $tmp[1];
}
break;
// cookie
case 'cookie':
$_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE'] = $value;
//將字符串解析成多個變量
parse_str(str_replace('; ', '&', $_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE']), $_COOKIE);
break;
// user-agent
case 'user-agent':
$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] = $value;
break;
// accept
case 'accept':
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'] = $value;
break;
// accept-language
case 'accept-language':
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'] = $value;
break;
// accept-encoding
case 'accept-encoding':
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] = $value;
break;
// connection
case 'connection':
$_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION'] = $value;
break;
case 'referer':
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] = $value;
break;
case 'if-modified-since':
$_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'] = $value;
break;
case 'if-none-match':
$_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'] = $value;
break;
case 'content-type':
// 不同的請求類型：application/x-www-form-urlencoded application/json multipart/form-data text/xml
//demo: Content-Type:multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA
if(!preg_match('/boundary="?(\S+)"?/', $value, $match))
{
$_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] = $value;
}
else
{
$_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] = 'multipart/form-data';
$http_post_boundary = '--'.$match[1];
}
break;
}
}
// 需要解析$_POST
if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST')
{
//上傳文件處理
if(isset($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']) && $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] === 'multipart/form-data')
{
parse_upload_files($http_body, $http_post_boundary);
}
else
{
parse_str($http_body, $_POST);
// $GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
$GLOBALS['HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA'] = $http_body;
}
}
// QUERY_STRING
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_QUERY);
if($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
{
// $GET
parse_str($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'], $_GET);
}
else
{
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] = '';
}
// REQUEST
// $_REQUEST = array_merge($_GET, $_POST);
return array($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SERVER, $_FILES);
}
/*
* 函數:parse_upload_files
* 描述:解析上傳的文件
*/
function parse_upload_files($http_body, $http_post_boundary)
{
//去除最後一行boundary
$http_body = substr($http_body, 0, strlen($http_body) - (strlen($http_post_boundary) + 4));
$boundary_data_array = explode($http_post_boundary."\r\n", $http_body);
if($boundary_data_array[0] === '')
{
unset($boundary_data_array[0]);
}
foreach($boundary_data_array as $boundary_data_buffer)
{
/**
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="text"
title
------WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="chrome.png"
Content-Type: image/png
PNG ... content of chrome.png ...
*/
list($boundary_header_buffer, $boundary_value) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $boundary_data_buffer, 2);
// 去掉末尾\r\n
$boundary_value = substr($boundary_value, 0, -2);
foreach (explode("\r\n", $boundary_header_buffer) as $item)
{
list($header_key, $header_value) = explode(": ", $item);
$header_key = strtolower($header_key);
switch ($header_key)
{
case "content-disposition":
// 是文件
if(preg_match('/name=".*?"; filename="(.*?)"$/', $header_value, $match))
{
$_FILES[] = array(
'file_name' => $match[1],
'file_data' => $boundary_value,
'file_size' => strlen($boundary_value),
);
continue;
}
// 是post field
else
{
// 收集post
if(preg_match('/name="(.*?)"$/', $header_value, $match))
{
$_POST[$match[1]] = $boundary_value;
}
}
break;
}
}
}
}
定義及參考資料
https://www.cnblogs.com/guguli/p/4758937.html
http://caibaojian.com/http-protocol.html