首先本項目主要是對C++裏 面的一些 基礎知識和概念進行練習，主要包括：const型函數，函數的返回值，引用，類的組合，以及內存的分配。
下面直接把各個文件的代碼寫上：
//
// Date.h
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#ifndef train2_Date_h
#define train2_Date_h
class Date{
public:
Date();
Date(int year,int month,int day);
void print();
private:
int y,m,d;
};
#endif//
// Date.cpp
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Date.h"
Date::Date(){
y=2015;
m=1;
d=1;
}
Date::Date(int year,int month,int day){
y=year;
m=month;
d=day;
}
void Date::print(){
cout<<"birthday is :"<<y<<"/"<<m<<"/"<<d<<endl;
}//
// Person.h
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#ifndef train2_Person_h
#define train2_Person_h
#include "Date.h"
class Person{
public:
Person();
Person(char *Name,char *Email,int day,int month,int year);
char * getName();
char * getEmail_Address();
Date& getBirthday();
void print();
private:
char *name;
char *email;
Date date;
};
#endif//
// Person.cpp
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#include "Person.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
#include "string.h"
Person::Person():date(2015,1,1){
char n1[]="hh";
char n2[]="[email protected]";
name =n1 ;
email =n2;
}
Person::Person(char *Name,char *Email,int day,int month,int year):date(year,month,day){
name = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*20);
email = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*20);
strcpy(name,Name);
strcpy(email,Email);
}
char * Person::getName(){
return name;
}
char * Person::getEmail_Address(){
return email;
}
void Person::print(){
cout<<"name="<<name<<",email="<<email<<endl;
date.print();
}
Date& Person::getBirthday(){
return this->date;
}//PersonSet是Person的容器，即Person的集合；
// PersonSet.h
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#ifndef train2_PersonSet_h
#define train2_PersonSet_h
#include "Person.h"
class PersonSet{
public:
PersonSet(int capacity=9,int initial_size=0);
~PersonSet();
public:
void Add(Person & element);//增加peson成員；
Person & NextElement(); //迭代下一個對象；
Person & RemoveElement(); //刪除最後一個Person對象，並返回；
Person & RemoveElement(int index); //刪除第index個對象，並返回；
void reset(); //將容器重置大小爲0；
int size() const; //返回容器裏的Person對象的數量；
void print() const;
private:
Person ** _elements;
int _capacity; //容量
int _size; //對象個數
int _index; //索引值
//static int count;
};
//int PersonSet::count=0;
#endif//
// PersonSet.cpp
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "PersonSet.h"
PersonSet::PersonSet(int capacity,int initial_size){
_capacity = capacity;
_size = initial_size;
_elements = new Person * [_capacity];
//count++;_size = count;
}
int PersonSet::size() const{
return _size;
}
//增容原理：1.先定義一個對象的二級指針指向原對象的二級指針
//2.根據需要給原對象重新開闢空間
//3.通過第一步定義的指針給新開闢的對象指針複製
//4.最後刪除定義的指針。
void PersonSet::Add( Person& aPerson )
{
// Relocate the array space
if ( _size == _capacity )
{
Person** temp = _elements;
_elements = new Person*[_capacity*2];
for( int i=0; i<_size; i++ )
{
_elements [i] = temp[i];
}
_capacity*= 2;
delete temp;
}
_elements[_size++] = &aPerson;
}
Person& PersonSet:: RemoveElement()
{
_size--;
Person* p = new Person;
p=_elements[_size];
//shrink the container
if(_size < _capacity/2)
{
cout << "shrinking ! Capacity is "<<_capacity<<endl;
Person** temp = _elements;
_elements= new Person*[_capacity/2];
for ( int i=0; i<_size; i++ )
{
_elements [i]= temp[i];
}
_capacity /= 2;
delete temp;
}
return *p;
}
Person& PersonSet::NextElement() {
Person* p = new Person;
if (_elements[_size]!=NULL) {
p = _elements[_size];
_size++;
}
else
{
delete p;
p=NULL;
}
return *p;
}
void PersonSet::reset(){
_size=0;
}
void PersonSet::print() const{
int i=0;
for (; i<_size; i++) {
cout<<"name:"<<_elements[i]->getName()<<endl;
}
}
Person& PersonSet::RemoveElement(int index){
Person* p = new Person;
if (index>_size || index<=0) {
cout<<"index is out of side!\n";
p = NULL;
return *p;
}
int x;
Person *p1 = _elements[--index];
for(x=index;x<_size-1;x++){
_elements[x]=_elements[x+1];
}
int i = _size-1;
_elements[i] = p1;
*p = RemoveElement();
return *p;
}
PersonSet::~PersonSet(){
}//
// main.cpp
// train2
//
// Created by student on 15/8/4.
// Copyright (c) 2015年 personals. All rights reserved.
//
#include <iostream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include "Date.h"
#include "Person.h"
#include "PersonSet.h"
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
//declare some const persons
Person *p1 = new Person("Lou", "[email protected]", 20, 6, 1960);
Person *p2 = new Person("Frank", "[email protected]", 20, 3, 1967);
Person *p3 = new Person("Ann", "[email protected]", 20, 8, 1960);
PersonSet boys, girls;
boys.Add(*p1);
//test to see if the same object is retrieved from the set.
if (p1 != &boys.RemoveElement() )
{
cout << "ERROR: the objects are different \n";
}
else
{
cout << "Good, the objects are the same \n";
}
boys.Add( *p1);
boys.Add( *p2);
girls.Add( *p3);
boys.Add(*(new Person("John", "[email protected]", 20, 3, 1967)));
girls.Add(*(new Person("Sue", "[email protected]", 20, 3, 1967)));
boys.Add(*(new Person("Frank", "[email protected]", 25, 4, 1958)));
girls.Add(*(new Person("Mary", "[email protected]", 25, 4, 1955)));
boys.Add(*(new Person("John", "johnchat.ca", 12, 12, 1970)));
//print all the boys using the removeSomeElement() method and delete //them
int numberOfBoys = boys.size();
cout << "number of boys = " << numberOfBoys << "\n";
for(int i = 0; i<numberOfBoys; i++)
{
Person & boy = boys.RemoveElement();
if (&boy == NULL) {
break;
}
boy.print();
delete &boy;
}
cout << "number of girls = " << girls.size() << "\n";
girls.print();
//print of the girls birthdays and using the someElement() method*/
int numberOfGirls =girls.size();
girls.reset();
for(int i = 0; i<numberOfGirls; i++)
girls.NextElement().getBirthday().print();
//delete all the girls from the heap
Person& hh=girls.RemoveElement(3);
hh.print();
delete &hh;
numberOfGirls = girls.size();
for(int i = 0; i<numberOfGirls; i++)
{
Person & her = girls.RemoveElement();
her.print();
delete &her;
}
return 0;
}