C# 與 CPP 類型映射

 

//c++:HANDLE(void   *)                          ----    c#:System.IntPtr
//c++:Byte(unsigned   char)                     ----    c#:System.Byte
//c++:SHORT(short)                              ----    c#:System.Int16
//c++:WORD(unsigned   short)                    ----    c#:System.UInt16
//c++:INT(int)                                  ----    c#:System.Int16
//c++:INT(int)                                  ----    c#:System.Int32
//c++:UINT(unsigned   int)                      ----    c#:System.UInt16
//c++:UINT(unsigned   int)                      ----    c#:System.UInt32
//c++:LONG(long)                                ----    c#:System.Int32
//c++:ULONG(unsigned   long)                    ----    c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DWORD(unsigned   long)                    ----    c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DECIMAL                                   ----    c#:System.Decimal
//c++:BOOL(long)                                ----    c#:System.Boolean
//c++:CHAR(char)                                ----    c#:System.Char
//c++:LPSTR(char   *)                           ----    c#:System.String
//c++:LPWSTR(wchar_t   *)                       ----    c#:System.String
//c++:LPCSTR(const   char   *)                  ----    c#:System.String
//c++:LPCWSTR(const   wchar_t   *)              ----    c#:System.String
//c++:PCAHR(char   *)                           ----    c#:System.String
//c++:BSTR                                      ----    c#:System.String
//c++:FLOAT(float)                              ----    c#:System.Single
//c++:DOUBLE(double)                            ----    c#:System.Double
//c++:VARIANT                                   ----    c#:System.Object
//c++:PBYTE(byte   *)                           ----    c#:System.Byte[]

//c++:BSTR                                      ----    c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR                                   ----    c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR                                   ----    c#:string
//c++:LPTSTR                                    ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
//c++:LPTSTR 輸出變量名                         ----    c#:StringBuilder 輸出變量名
//c++:LPCWSTR                                   ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:BOOL                                      ----    c#:bool
//c++:HMODULE                                   ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:HINSTANCE                                 ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:結構體                                    ----    c#:public struct 結構體{};
//c++:結構體 **變量名                           ----    c#:out 變量名   //C#中提前申明一個結構體實例化後的變量名
//c++:結構體 &變量名                            ----    c#:ref 結構體 變量名
//c++:WORD                                      ----    c#:ushort
//c++:DWORD                                     ----    c#:uint
//c++:DWORD                                     ----    c#:int
//c++:UCHAR                                     ----    c#:int
//c++:UCHAR                                     ----    c#:byte
//c++:UCHAR*                                    ----    c#:string
//c++:UCHAR*                                    ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:GUID                                      ----    c#:Guid
//c++:Handle                                    ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:HWND                                      ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:DWORD                                     ----    c#:int
//c++:COLORREF                                  ----    c#:uint


//c++:unsigned char                             ----    c#:byte
//c++:unsigned char *                           ----    c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char *                           ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[]
//c++:unsigned char *                           ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] Intptr

//c++:unsigned char &                           ----    c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char 變量名                      ----    c#:byte 變量名
//c++:unsigned short 變量名                     ----    c#:ushort 變量名
//c++:unsigned int 變量名                       ----    c#:uint 變量名
//c++:unsigned long 變量名                      ----    c#:ulong 變量名

//c++:char 變量名                               ----    c#:byte 變量名   //C++中一個字符用一個字節表示,C#中一個字符用兩個字節表示
//c++:char 數組名[數組大小]                     ----    c#:MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst         =         數組大小)]        public string 數組名; ushort

//c++:char *                                    ----    c#:string       //傳入參數
//c++:char *                                    ----    c#:StringBuilder//傳出參數
//c++:char *變量名                              ----    c#:ref string 變量名
//c++:char *輸入變量名                          ----    c#:string 輸入變量名
//c++:char *輸出變量名                          ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 輸出變量名

//c++:char **                                   ----    c#:string
//c++:char **變量名                             ----    c#:ref string 變量名
//c++:const char *                              ----    c#:string
//c++:char[]                                    ----    c#:string
//c++:char 變量名[數組大小]                     ----    c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst        =        數組大小)] public string 變量名;

//c++:struct 結構體名 *變量名                   ----    c#:ref 結構體名 變量名
//c++:委託 變量名                               ----    c#:委託 變量名

//c++:int                                       ----    c#:int
//c++:int                                       ----    c#:ref int
//c++:int &                                     ----    c#:ref int
//c++:int *                                     ----    c#:ref int      //C#中調用前需定義int 變量名         =         0;

//c++:*int                                      ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:int32 PIPTR *                             ----    c#:int32[]
//c++:float PIPTR *                             ----    c#:float[]


//c++:double** 數組名                           ----    c#:ref double 數組名
//c++:double*[] 數組名                          ----    c#:ref double 數組名
//c++:long                                      ----    c#:int
//c++:ulong                                     ----    c#:int

//c++:UINT8 *                                   ----    c#:ref byte       //C#中調用前需定義byte 變量名         =         new byte();


//c++:handle                                    ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:hwnd                                      ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:void *                                    ----    c#:IntPtr
//c++:void * user_obj_param                     ----    c#:IntPtr user_obj_param
//c++:void * 對象名稱                           ----    c#:([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)]Object 對象名稱



//c++:char, INT8, SBYTE, CHAR                               ----    c#:System.SByte
//c++:short, short int, INT16, SHORT                        ----    c#:System.Int16
//c++:int, long, long int, INT32, LONG32, BOOL , INT        ----    c#:System.Int32
//c++:__int64, INT64, LONGLONG                              ----    c#:System.Int64
//c++:unsigned char, UINT8, UCHAR , BYTE                    ----    c#:System.Byte
//c++:unsigned short, UINT16, USHORT, WORD, ATOM, WCHAR , __wchar_t             ----    c#:System.UInt16
//c++:unsigned, unsigned int, UINT32, ULONG32, DWORD32, ULONG, DWORD, UINT      ----    c#:System.UInt32
//c++:unsigned __int64, UINT64, DWORDLONG, ULONGLONG                            ----    c#:System.UInt64
//c++:float, FLOAT                                                              ----    c#:System.Single
//c++:double, long double, DOUBLE                                               ----    c#:System.Double

//Win32 Types                                                                   ----  CLR Type


//Struct需要在C#裏重新定義一個Struct
//CallBack回調函數需要封裝在一個委託裏，delegate static extern int FunCallBack(string str);

//unsigned char** ppImage替換成IntPtr ppImage
//int& nWidth替換成ref int nWidth
//int*, int&, 則都可用 ref int 對應
//雙針指類型參數，可以用 ref IntPtr
//函數指針使用c++: typedef double (*fun_type1)(double); 對應 c#:public delegate double  fun_type1(double);
//char* 的操作c++: char*; 對應 c#:StringBuilder;
//c#中使用指針:在需要使用指針的地方 加 unsafe


//unsigned   char對應public   byte


WORD                                ushort
DWORD                 uint
UCHAR                 int/byte               大部分情況都可以使用int代替,而如果需要嚴格對齊的話則應該用bytebyte
UCHAR*                 string/IntPtr
unsigned char*      [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)]byte[]/？（Intptr）
char*                 string
LPCTSTR             string
LPTSTR                 [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
long                     int
ulong               uint
Handle                 IntPtr
HWND                     IntPtr
void*                 IntPtr
int                      int
int*                     ref int
*int                     IntPtr
unsigned int        uint
COLORREF            uint

API與C#的數據類型對應關係表
API數據類型 類型描述               C#類型  API數據類型  類型描述              C#類型
WORD 16位無符號整數               ushort  CHAR                   字符                       char
LONG 32位無符號整數               int          DWORDLONG          64位長整數          long
DWORD 32位無符號整數              uint      HDC                   設備描述表句柄  int
HANDLE 句柄,32位整數              int          HGDIOBJ GDI     對象句柄              int
UINT 32位無符號整數               uint      HINSTANCE          實例句柄              int
BOOL 32位布爾型整數               bool      HWM                   窗口句柄              int
LPSTR 指向字符的32位指針      string  HPARAM               32位消息參數      int
LPCSTR 指向常字符的32位指針 String  LPARAM               32位消息參數      int
BYTE 字節                                    byte      WPARAM               32位消息參數      int

BOOL          =        System.Int32
BOOLEAN       =        System.Int32
BYTE          =        System.UInt16
CHAR          =        System.Int16
COLORREF      =        System.UInt32
DWORD         =        System.UInt32
DWORD32       =        System.UInt32
DWORD64       =        System.UInt64
FLOAT         =        System.Float
HACCEL        =        System.IntPtr
HANDLE        =        System.IntPtr
HBITMAP       =        System.IntPtr
HBRUSH        =        System.IntPtr
HCONV         =        System.IntPtr
HCONVLIST     =        System.IntPtr
HCURSOR       =        System.IntPtr
HDC           =        System.IntPtr
HDDEDATA      =        System.IntPtr
HDESK         =        System.IntPtr
HDROP         =        System.IntPtr
HDWP          =        System.IntPtr
HENHMETAFILE  =        System.IntPtr
HFILE         =        System.IntPtr
HFONT         =        System.IntPtr
HGDIOBJ       =        System.IntPtr
HGLOBAL       =        System.IntPtr
HHOOK         =        System.IntPtr
HICON         =        System.IntPtr
HIMAGELIST    =        System.IntPtr
HIMC          =        System.IntPtr
HINSTANCE     =        System.IntPtr
HKEY          =        System.IntPtr
HLOCAL        =        System.IntPtr
HMENU         =        System.IntPtr
HMETAFILE     =        System.IntPtr
HMODULE       =        System.IntPtr
HMONITOR      =        System.IntPtr
HPALETTE      =        System.IntPtr
HPEN          =        System.IntPtr
HRGN          =        System.IntPtr
HRSRC         =        System.IntPtr
HSZ           =        System.IntPtr
HWINSTA       =        System.IntPtr
HWND          =        System.IntPtr
INT           =        System.Int32
INT32         =        System.Int32
INT64         =        System.Int64
LONG          =        System.Int32
LONG32        =        System.Int32
LONG64        =        System.Int64
LONGLONG      =        System.Int64
LPARAM        =        System.IntPtr
LPBOOL        =        System.Int16[]
LPBYTE        =        System.UInt16[]
LPCOLORREF    =        System.UInt32[]
LPCSTR        =        System.String
LPCTSTR       =        System.String
LPCVOID       =        System.UInt32
LPCWSTR       =        System.String
LPDWORD       =        System.UInt32[]
LPHANDLE      =        System.UInt32
LPINT         =        System.Int32[]
LPLONG        =        System.Int32[]
LPSTR         =        System.String
LPTSTR        =        System.String
LPVOID        =        System.UInt32
LPWORD        =        System.Int32[]
LPWSTR        =        System.String
LRESULT       =        System.IntPtr
PBOOL         =        System.Int16[]
PBOOLEAN      =        System.Int16[]
PBYTE         =        System.UInt16[]
PCHAR         =        System.Char[]
PCSTR         =        System.String
PCTSTR        =        System.String
PCWCH         =        System.UInt32
PCWSTR        =        System.UInt32
PDWORD        =        System.Int32[]
PFLOAT        =        System.Float[]
PHANDLE       =        System.UInt32
PHKEY         =        System.UInt32
PINT          =        System.Int32[]
PLCID         =        System.UInt32
PLONG         =        System.Int32[]
PLUID         =        System.UInt32
PSHORT        =        System.Int16[]
PSTR          =        System.String
PTBYTE        =        System.Char[]
PTCHAR        =        System.Char[]
PTSTR         =        System.String
PUCHAR        =        System.Char[]
PUINT         =        System.UInt32[]
PULONG        =        System.UInt32[]
PUSHORT       =        System.UInt16[]
PVOID         =        System.UInt32
PWCHAR        =        System.Char[]
PWORD         =        System.Int16[]
PWSTR         =        System.String
REGSAM        =        System.UInt32
SC_HANDLE     =        System.IntPtr
SC_LOCK       =        System.IntPtr
SHORT         =        System.Int16
SIZE_T        =        System.UInt32
SSIZE_        =        System.UInt32
TBYTE         =        System.Char
TCHAR         =        System.Char
UCHAR         =        System.Byte
UINT          =        System.UInt32
UINT32        =        System.UInt32
UINT64        =        System.UInt64
ULONG         =        System.UInt32
ULONG32       =        System.UInt32
ULONG64       =        System.UInt64
ULONGLONG     =        System.UInt64
USHORT        =        System.UInt16
WORD          =        System.UInt16
WPARAM        =        System.IntPtr

Wtypes.h 中的非託管類型    非託管C 語言類型     託管類名           說明
HANDLE                     void*                System.IntPtr      32 位
BYTE                       unsigned char        System.Byte        8 位
SHORT                      short                System.Int16       16 位
WORD                       unsigned short       System.UInt16      16 位
INT                        int                  System.Int32       32 位
UINT                       unsigned int         System.UInt32      32 位
LONG                       long                 System.Int32       32 位
BOOL                       long                 System.Int32       32 位
DWORD                      unsigned long        System.UInt32      32 位
ULONG                      unsigned long        System.UInt32      32 位
CHAR                       char                 System.Char        用 ANSI 修飾。
LPSTR                      char*                System.String 或 System.StringBuilder  用 ANSI 修飾。
LPCSTR                     Const char*          System.String 或 System.StringBuilder  用 ANSI 修飾。
LPWSTR                     wchar_t*             System.String 或 System.StringBuilder  用 Unicode 修飾。
LPCWSTR                    Const wchar_t*       System.String 或 System.StringBuilder  用 Unicode 修飾。
FLOAT                      Float                System.Single     32 位
DOUBLE                     Double               System.Double     64 位

C/C++中的結構類型數據在C#下的轉換

在做項目移植的時候，經常會碰到數據類型的轉換，而我這一次碰到的是C/C++中的結構怎樣轉換到C#。折騰了一個晚上終於有一個完美的方案。
例如我們在C/C++下的結構數據如下：

typedef struct
{
    char  sLibName[ 256 ];
    char  sPathToLibrary[ 256 ];
    INT32       iEntries;
    INT32       iUsed;
    UINT16     iSort;
    UINT16     iVersion;
    BOOLEAN     fContainsSubDirectories;
    INT32       iReserved;
} LIBHEADER;

我們想把它轉成C#下的結構類型如下：
    public struct LIBHEADER
    {
        public char[] sLibName;
        public char[] sPathToLibrary;
        public Int32 iEntries;
        public Int32 iUsed;
        public UInt16 iSort;
        public UInt16 iVersion;
        public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
        public Int32 iReserved;
    }


看上去好像沒問題了，呵呵呵，其實這樣是不行的，我們得再給C#編譯器一些信息，告訴它一些字符數組的大小。然後它們在C#下面長得樣子就變成這樣：


    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct LIBHEADER
    {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
        public char[] sLibName;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
        public char[] sPathToLibrary;
        public Int32 iEntries;
        public Int32 iUsed;
        public UInt16 iSort;
        public UInt16 iVersion;
        public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
        public Int32 iReserved;
    }

然後寫一個函數負責轉換。
public StructType ConverBytesToStructure<StructType>(byte[] bytesBuffer)
        {
            // 檢查長度。
            if (bytesBuffer.Length != Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(StructType)))
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("bytesBuffer參數和structObject參數字節長度不一致。");
            }

            IntPtr bufferHandler = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bytesBuffer.Length);
            for (int index = 0; index < bytesBuffer.Length; index++)
            {
                Marshal.WriteByte(bufferHandler, index, bytesBuffer[index]);
            }
            StructType structObject = (StructType)Marshal.PtrToStructure(bufferHandler, typeof(StructType));
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufferHandler);
            return structObject;
        }

    然後我們的函數用例是這樣：
            FileStream file = File.OpenRead(@"D:/Jagged Alliance 2 Gold/INSTALL.LOG");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LIBHEADER))];
            file.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
            LIBHEADER testValue = CommonTools.ConverBytesToStructure<LIBHEADER>(buffer);
             string libName = new string(testValue.sLibName);
             string pathToLibrary = new string(testValue.sPathToLibrary);

OK,搞定。
如果想去掉後面兩句的char數組的轉換哪代碼如下

C#中的結構代碼
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
    public struct LIBHEADER
    {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
        public string sLibName;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
        public string sPathToLibrary;
        public Int32 iEntries;
        public Int32 iUsed;
        public UInt16 iSort;
        public UInt16 iVersion;
        public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
        public Int32 iReserved;
    }

其它代碼不用作修改便可使用