一：需求軟件
RHEL
5.6
Nagios
Nagios-plugins
Nrpe
下載地址：
二：安裝準備工作
1：搭建yum服務器
[root@loc
~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo
[Server]
name=Server
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
2：安裝環境所需要的安裝軟件包
[root@loc
~]# yum –y install httpd php gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel openssl
openssl-devel
三：開始安裝nagios軟件
1：解壓軟件包
[root@loc
~]# tar xf nagios-3.2.3 .tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@loc
~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-1.4.10 .tar.gz -C
/usr/src/
[root@loc
~]# tar xf nrpe-1.8.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
2：創建用戶
[root@loc
~]# groupadd nagcmd
[root@loc
~]# useradd –G nagcmd nagios
[root@loc
~]# usermod –G nagcmd apache
3：編譯安裝nagios
[root@loc
~]# cd /usr/src/nagios-3.2.3
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
--with-command-group=nagcmd
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make all
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make install 編譯安裝
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make install-init 生成啓動腳本
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make install-commandmode 爲外部命令文件配置目錄權限
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make install-config 生成配置文件
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# make install-webconf 生成一個與apache接口的配置文件
4：編譯安裝nagios-plugins
[root@loc
nagios-3.2.3 ]# cd ../nagios-plugins-1.4.10/
[root@loc
nagios-plugins-1.4.15 ]# ./configure –with-nagios-user=nagios
–with-nagios-group=nagios –prefix=/usr/local/nagios
[root@loc
nagios-plugins-1.4.15 ]# make;make install
5：添加爲開機自啓動服務
[root@loc
~]# chkconfig --add nagios
[root@loc
~]# chkconfig nagios on
6：添加web用戶
[root@loc
~]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/passwrd.users nagiosadmin
7：啓動服務，檢查配置
[root@loc
~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 檢查下nagios 配置文件的正確性
Total
Warnings: 0 查看這兩個爲“0”，說明配置文件沒問題，可以啓動服務了。
Total Errors: 0
[root@loc
~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
[root@loc
~]# /etc/init.d/nagios start
8：登錄nagios
Http://127.0.0.1/nagios 出現下面這個登錄界面：
登錄後的界面：
注意：
如果是開啓了selinux服務，就要執行下面兩步：
[root@loc
~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/sbin/
[root@loc
~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/share/
到此，安裝部分也就完成了！接下來我們就做下添加監控服務器配置。
先觀看下監控原理圖：
四：配置nagios監控linux主機
1：主配置文件修改（改動部分內容）
[root@loc
~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
#
Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg 定義監控本機服務（如不需要監控本機，將註釋這行）
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg 添加此行，定義被監控的主機名和地址
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg 添加此行，定義被監控主機的分組管理
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contactgroups.cfg 添加此行，定義聯繫人組
cfg_dir/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers 打開此行，定義需要監控的服務項
check_external_commands=1 定義在web界面下重啓nagios服務
command_check_interval=10s 定義命令檢查服務的間隔時間
[root@loc ~]# vim
/usr/local/nagios/cfi.cfg
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,test
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,test
可以定義多個用戶，添加到後面用逗號隔開就好。
2：object文件配置（在此目錄下添加在四.1中所講到的文件）
創建聯繫人和聯繫人組配置文件
[root@loc
objects]# vi contacts.cfg
define contact {
contact_name admin #聯繫人名
alias system administrator #別名
service_notification_period 24x7 #服務通知的時間段
host_notification_period 24x7 #主機通知的時間段
service_notification_options w,u,c,r #當服務出現w—報警,u—未知,c—嚴重,r—從異常恢復到正常，在這四種情況下通知聯繫人
host_notification_options d,u,r #當主機出現d----—當機,u—返回不可達,r—從異常情況恢復正常,在這3種情況下通知聯繫人
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email #服務出問題通知採用的命令
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email #同上
pager 13800138000 #定義通過手機短信的方式發送警報的手機號碼
pager 13810255206
}
[root@loc
objects]# vi contactgroups.cfg
define
contactgroup{
contactgroup_name sagroup #定義組名
alias system administrator group #組別名
members admin #定義聯繫人名（contacts.cfg中的聯繫人名）
}
創建被監控的主機和主機組文件
[root@loc
objects]# vi hosts.cfg
define
host {
host_name web #被監控的主機名
alias tomas #別名
address 192.168.2.6 #被監控主機地址
contact_groups sagroup #聯繫人組
check_command check-host-alive #檢查主機狀態的名字
check_period 24x7 #提醒週期
max_check_attempts
5 #檢查失敗後重試的次數
notification_interval 5 #提醒的間隔時間
notification_options d,u,r #在什麼情況提醒
}
define
host {
host_name nagios-server
alias tomas1
address 192.168.2.7
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts
5
notification_interval 5
notification_options d,u,r
}
define
host {
host_name linux
alias tomas2
address 192.168.2.8
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts
5
notification_interval 5
notification_options d,u,r
}
[root@loc
objects]# vi hostgroups.cfg
define
hostgroup{
hostgroup_name sa-servers
alias sa servers
members web,nagios-server,linux
}
配置監控主機服務項
/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/web.cfg #在這下面依次再建nagios-server.cfg和linux.cfg
define
service{
host_name web #必須是hosts.cfg中定義的主機
service_description check-host-alive #
check_command
check-host-alive #在commands.cfg文件中定義或在nrpe.cfg裏面定義的命令
max_check_attempts 5 #最大重試次數
normal_check_interval 5 #檢查間隔的單位是分鐘
retry_check_interval 2 #檢查間隔的單位是分鐘
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 10 #探測到故障後，每隔多長時間發送一次報警信息，單位是分鐘
notification_period 24x7 #通知選項跟聯繫人配置文件相同
notification_options w,u,c,r
contact_groups sagroup #配置文件contactgroup.cfg定義的組名稱
}
define service{
host_name web
service_description check_tcp 80
check_command check_tcp!80
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
}
define service{
host_name web
service_description cpu load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
}
define service{
host_name web
service_description total-procs
check_command
check_nrpe!check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
}
監控主機文件配置完成了，我們可以重啓下服務，查看下nagios的界面。
驗證下配置文件：
[root@loc
objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 3.2.3
Copyright (c)
2009-2010 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c)
1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 10-03-2010
License: GPL
Website:
http://www.nagios.org
Reading
configuration data...
Read main config file okay...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contactgroups.cfg'...
Processing
object config directory '/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/linux.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/web.cfg'...
Processing
object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/nagios-server.cfg'....
Read object config files okay...
Running
pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking
services...
Checked 12 services.
Checking
hosts...
Checked 2 hosts.
Checking host
groups...
Checked 2 host groups.
Checking service
groups...
Checked 0 service groups.
Checking
contacts...
Checked 3 contacts.
Checking contact
groups...
Checked 2 contact groups.
Checking service
escalations...
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service
dependencies...
Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host
escalations...
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host
dependencies...
Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking
commands...
Checked 24 commands.
Checking time
periods...
Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for
circular paths between hosts...
Checking for
circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global
event handlers...
Checking
obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc
settings...
Total Warnings:
0 #表示文件沒有任何警告
Total
Errors: 0 #表示文件沒有任何錯誤
重新啓動服務：
[root@loc
objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running
configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios:
done.
Starting nagios:
done.
[root@loc
objects]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
登錄界面：
Http://IP/nagios
可以清晰的看到前面所做的監控配置了。
遠程監控插件NRPE的安裝就不再記錄了，在用NRPE監控的時候記得去修改services.cfg、command.cfg配置文檔，網絡上文檔都很詳細。
在被監控的服務器上只要安裝以下這兩個軟件包就好：
Nagios-plugins
Nrpe