0、環境
本文操作系統: CentOS 7.2.1511 x86_64
MySQL 版本: 5.7.16
1、卸載系統自帶的 mariadb-lib
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 --nodeps
2、下載mysql5.7.16 rpm安裝包，官網最新的mysql安裝包是mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar下載地址
[root@centos-linux ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
然後解壓
[root@linux_node_1 src]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3、安裝
依次執行（幾個包有依賴關係，所以執行有先後）下面命令安裝
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
在安裝rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm的時候報錯如下：
[root@linux_node_1 src]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
這個報錯的意思是需要安裝libaio包和net-tools包：可以yum安裝一下，安裝 libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm，下載地址：
wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
然後yum安裝net-tools yum install net-tools 完成之後就可以順利安裝
4、數據庫初始化
爲了保證數據庫目錄爲與文件的所有者爲 mysql 登陸用戶，如果你是以 root 身份運行 mysql 服務，需要執行下面的命令初始化
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
如果是以 mysql 身份運行，則可以去掉 --user 選項。
另外 --initialize 選項默認以“安全”模式來初始化，則會爲 root 用戶生成一個密碼並將該密碼標記爲過期，登陸後你需要設置一個新的密碼，而使用 --initialize-insecure 命令則不使用安全模式，則不會爲 root 用戶生成一個密碼。
這裏演示使用的 --initialize 初始化的，會生成一個 root 賬戶密碼，密碼在log文件裏，紅色區域的就是自動生成的密碼
[root@linux_node_1 src]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2016-12-07T04:41:58.028558Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-07T04:41:58.315188Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-12-07T04:41:58.355114Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.418448Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 7cc98831-bc37-11e6-a263-000c29f902dc.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.419935Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.420558Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )1r3gi,hjgQa
現在啓動mysql數據庫systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@linux_node_1 src]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@linux_node_1 src]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.16
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
5、修改密碼
該密碼被標記爲過期了，如果想正常使用還需要修改密碼
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
以前的 password()函數將會被拋棄，官方建議使用下面的命令來修改密碼
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
同時，如果你設置的密碼過於簡單也會報錯。
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
語法：mysql> GRANT <權限> ON <庫>.<表> TO ‘用戶’@’主機名’ identified by “密碼”;
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete on book.* to test2@localhost identified by “abc”; #增加test2用戶，密碼爲abc。並只能在localhost這臺主機上登錄，並且只能訪問book這個庫中的表，具有查詢，插入，更新，刪除權限；