授之以漁-運維平臺應用模塊三（Vmware自定義規範篇）

###類似K8S的編排職能，使Vmware具備自動擴容、彈性擴展爲目的（通過監控回調觸發彈性擴展，線上環境接入了硬件負載均衡，自動克隆出來的主機可以自動加入負載。vSphere 6.7的企業增強版本提供Instant Clone 技術，參考地址https://www.virtuallyghetto.com/2018/04/new-instant-clone-architecture-in-vsphere-6-7-part-1.html，可以秒級創建VM）。今天介紹的是VMWARE修改硬件（網卡），虛擬機克隆，預設主機名（LINUX HOSTNAME），預設IP地址等。先上一張效果圖：

#一、 環境準備

• pyvmovi 對應你的python版本，下載地址https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi/releases
• 保證python環境大於2.7.11

#二、克隆後預設IP和主機名

Vm克隆的 Linux 所以需要更改這幾項：操作系統物理地址（/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules）、IP地址、主機名，然後刪除網卡中的UUID和物理地址HWADDR（這兩行在Linux重啓之後，操作系統會自動生成的）

使用的Vmware的CustomizationSpec（自定義規範定義）在克隆Vm後，可在不開機的情況下直接修改Vm機器的IP地址和Hostname，免去了一些繁瑣的手工步驟：
代碼如下：

 def ip_assign(self, vm, vm_ip, vm_gateway, vm_name):
        """設置靜態IP """
        adaptermap = vim.vm.customization.AdapterMapping()
        globalip = vim.vm.customization.GlobalIPSettings()
        adaptermap.adapter = vim.vm.customization.IPSettings()
        adaptermap.adapter.ip = vim.vm.customization.FixedIp()
        adaptermap.adapter.ip.ipAddress = vm_ip
        adaptermap.adapter.subnetMask = self.subnet
        adaptermap.adapter.gateway = vm_gateway
        adaptermap.adapter.dnsDomain = self.domain
        """設置主機名"""
        ident = vim.vm.customization.LinuxPrep()
        ident.domain = self.domain
        ident.hostName = vim.vm.customization.FixedName()
        ident.hostName.name = vm_name
        customspec = vim.vm.customization.Specification()
        customspec.nicSettingMap = [adaptermap]
        customspec.globalIPSettings = globalip
        customspec.identity = ident
        print "Reconfiguring VM Networks . . ."
        task = self.get_obj([vim.VirtualMachine],vm).Customize(spec=customspec)
        self.wait_for_task(task, "config task")

 def vm_from_clone(self,src_vm_name,datastore_name,cluster_name,vm_name):
        """克隆虛擬機"""
        src_vm_name = src_vm_name
        datacenter_name = 'GQTZY'
        vm_folder = None
        datastore_name = datastore_name
        cluster_name = cluster_name
        resource_pool = None
        power_on = False
        datastorecluster_name = None
        vm_name = vm_name
        src_vm = self.get_obj( [vim.VirtualMachine], src_vm_name)
        datacenter = self.get_obj( [vim.Datacenter], datacenter_name)
        if vm_folder:
            destfolder = self.get_obj( [vim.Folder], vm_folder)
        else:
            destfolder = datacenter.vmFolder
        if datastore_name:
            datastore = self.get_obj( [vim.Datastore], datastore_name)
        else:
            datastore = self.get_obj( [vim.Datastore], src_vm.datastore[0].info.name)
        cluster = self.get_obj( [vim.ClusterComputeResource], cluster_name)
        if resource_pool:
            resource_pool = self.get_obj( [vim.ResourcePool], resource_pool)
        else:
            resource_pool = cluster.resourcePool
        vmconf = vim.vm.ConfigSpec()
        if datastorecluster_name:
            podsel = vim.storageDrs.PodSelectionSpec()
            pod = self.get_obj( [vim.StoragePod], datastorecluster_name)
            podsel.storagePod = pod
            storagespec = vim.storageDrs.StoragePlacementSpec()
            storagespec.podSelectionSpec = podsel
            storagespec.type = 'create'
            storagespec.folder = destfolder
            storagespec.resourcePool = resource_pool
            storagespec.configSpec = vmconf
            try:
                rec = self.content.storageResourceManager.RecommendDatastores(
                    storageSpec=storagespec)
                rec_action = rec.recommendations[0].action[0]
                real_datastore_name = rec_action.destination.name
            except:
                real_datastore_name = src_vm.datastore[0].info.name
            datastore = self.get_obj( [vim.Datastore], real_datastore_name)
        relospec = vim.vm.RelocateSpec()
        relospec.datastore = datastore
        relospec.pool = resource_pool
        clonespec = vim.vm.CloneSpec()
        clonespec.location = relospec
        clonespec.powerOn = power_on
        task = src_vm.Clone(folder=destfolder, name=vm_name, spec=clonespec)
        self.wait_for_task(task,actionName="cloning VM("+vm_name+") from VM("+src_vm_name+")...")

    def calculate_clusters_to_datasote(self, clusters_name):
        """計算所選集羣中剩餘空間最大的存儲卷"""
        clusters_list = []
        if clusters_name == '':
            return
        else:
            listOBJ = self.get_obj([vim.ClusterComputeResource],clusters_name)
        for each in listOBJ.datastore:
            clusters_dict = {}
            clusters_dict[int(each.summary.freeSpace)] = each
            clusters_list.append(clusters_dict)
        return max(clusters_list)

    def get_clusters_resourcepool_dict(self):
        """獲取集羣和資源池對應字典"""
        clusters_resourcepool_dict = {}
        for i in self.list_obj([vim.ClusterComputeResource]):
            clusters_resourcepool_dict[i.resourcePool] = i.name
        return clusters_resourcepool_dict

後端因爲設置IP和Hostname動作往往配合這Vm的克隆，而因爲Vm克隆時間較長，所以這裏我採用了Celery來做異步的任務處理。克隆需要傳入源Vm名字，存儲空間名字（自動計算集羣內最大的存儲空間或者手動選擇），集羣名字，目標Vm名字。

@task(base=MyTask)
def vm_clone(src_vm_name,vm_name,vm_get_datastore_type):
    ss = VCenter()
    ss.connect_to_vcenter()
    if vm_get_datastore_type == "1":
        """獲取集羣與資源池字典"""
        dict = ss.get_clusters_resourcepool_dict()
        """通過資源池獲取集羣名字"""
        vm_cluster_name = dict[ss.get_hosts(src_vm_name).resourcePool]
        """計算集羣中最大空間存儲"""
        vm_datastore_name = str(ss.calculate_clusters_to_datasote(vm_cluster_name).values()[0]).strip("''")
    elif vm_get_datastore_type == "2":
        vm_datastore_name = ss.get_hosts(src_vm_name).datastore[0]
    ss.vm_from_clone(src_vm_name, vm_datastore_name, vm_cluster_name, vm_name)