音頻：http://xia2.kekenet.com/Sound/2019/06/eco0624_12415144QK.mp3
傑尼的筆記：
Leaders 來源於《社論》版塊
Pet theories 寵物理論
Reigning cats and dogs “統治階級”貓貓狗狗
reign[rein]:統治（The Queen of Britain reigns, but she does not rule or govern.）
As pet ownership booms, a troubling question rears its head: who owns whom? 隨着寵物擁有量的激增，一個令人不安的問題浮出水面：寵物和人誰是主人?
There is a range of theories about how Homo sapiens came to rule the planet. 關於智人如何能成爲地球的統治者產生了一系列理論。
Opposable thumbs, cranial size, altruism and cooking all played a part, but central to the naked ape's success was its ability to dominate other species. 對生拇指、頭顱大小、利他主義以及烹飪都是其中原因，但人類能夠成功統治地球的最主要原因是支配其他物種的能力。
cranial['kreiniəl]:頭顱（cranial capacity:腦容量/cranial nerve:腦神經）
altruism['æltruizəm]：利他主義（The egoism andaltruismattribute of individual behavior all is to meet own needs.）
Bovids, equids and, in particular, canids, were put to work by H.sapiens; felids always took a slightly different view of the matter, but were indulged for their rodent-catching talents. 牛科動物、馬科動物，尤其是犬科動物，都是由智人分工的；貓科動物略有不同，但受寵的原因主要是捕捉齧齒類生物的天性。
bovid['bəuvid]：牛科動物
equid['ekwid]：馬科動物
canid['kænid]：犬科動物
felid['fi:lid]：貓科動物
As humanity has got richer, animals' roles have changed. 人類物資越來越豐富，動物角色也隨之改變。
People need their services less than before. 相比之前，人類對於動物幹活的需求變小了。
Fewer wolves and bandits meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine made horses redundant; modern sanitation kept rats in check and made cats less useful. 狼和強盜減少意味着不要那麼多看家狗了；內燃機的出現使得人們不再需要拉車的馬了；現代衛生設施抑制住了老鼠，貓的作用也沒那麼大了。
bandit['bændit]:強盜
combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən]：燃燒（perfect combustion:完全燃燒/combustion efficiency:燃燒效率）
redundant[ri'dʌndənt]：多餘的
sanitation[,sæni'teiʃən]:衛生設施
No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. 家畜不再是必需品，而是奢侈品。
Petkeeping seems to kick in en masse when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. 家庭收入大約超過5000美元時，養寵物似乎是一個普遍選擇。
It is booming. 寵物業正蓬勃發展。
The trend is not a new one. 這種趨勢並不新鮮。
Archaeologists have found 10,000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. 考古學家們發現了有10000年曆史人狗合葬的墳墓。
archaeologist[,ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist]:考古學家
Some cultures— such as in Scandinavia, where canines have long been both working dogs and companions— have kept pets for millennia. 有些地方的文化幾千年來一直盛行養寵物，比如斯堪的納維亞半島，那裏的狗長期以來既是工作犬又是人類的夥伴。
But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of snuggling up on a comfy chair with a furry creature. 但如今，養寵物的潮流已經蔓延至各地，甚至是本來沒有和毛茸茸的寵物窩在沙發上的傳統的地方。
snuggle['snʌɡl]:依偎（He will walk over to me, snuggle in and preen me.）
In parts of Asia where people used to regard the best place for man's best friend as not the sofa but the stewing-pot, along with some onions and a pinch of seasoning, 在亞洲的一些地區，人們過去認爲給人類最好的朋友最好的地方不是沙發，而是燉鍋，外加幾片洋蔥和一撮調料。
season:調味（to season a talk with some jokes）
and where cats were made into tonics, norms are changing fast. 以前拿貓當做滋補品的地方，規範正在改變。
The South Korean president, Moon Jae-in, has a rescue dog, and the mayor of Seoul has promised to shut down dog butchers. 韓國總統文在寅養了一隻搜救犬，首爾市長承諾關閉狗肉屠宰店。
China, where dogs were once rounded up and slaughtered on the ground that keeping pets was bourgeois, has gone mad for cutesy breeds like Pomeranians, whose wolfish ancestors would have swallowed them whole for elevenses. 狗曾經被圍捕和屠殺，理由是養寵物是資產階級的行爲，而現在卻爲博美犬這種可愛的物種陷入瘋狂，而狼祖先會將這類犬當做下午茶一樣吞掉。
bourgeois['buəʒwɑ:, buə'ʒwɑ:]:資本家
Traditionalists attending the annual dogmeat festival in Guangxi now find themselves under attack by packs of snarling animal-lovers. 參加廣西狗肉節的傳統主義者現在發現自己受到了一羣咆哮的動物愛好者的攻擊。
REVIEW:
統治：regin 智人：home.sapiens 頭顱：cranial
利他主義：altruism 牛科動物：bovid 馬科動物：equid
犬科動物：canid 貓科動物：felid 強盜：bandit
燃燒：combustion 減少：redundant 衛生條件：sanitation
考古學家：archaeologist 斯堪的納維亞：Scandinavia
依偎：snuggle 調味：season 補品：tonics
規則：norm 資本家：bourgeois 家畜：domestic animals
內燃機：internal combustion enginee