CentOS7中搭建nodejs10（VUE）開發環境踩坑指南

Centos7安裝npm|nodejs的步驟

阿里的nodejs網站

https://npm.taobao.org/

安裝一些必要的庫

[root@master ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++

[hadoop@master Downloads]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/Downloads

下載各個版本的，自己根據項目要求，使用對應的版本。

[hadoop@master Downloads]$ wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v12.x/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
[hadoop@master Downloads]$ wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v11.x/node-v11.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
[hadoop@master Downloads]$ wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v10.x/node-v10.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
[hadoop@master Downloads]$ wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v9.x/node-v9.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz

[hadoop@master Downloads]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/Downloads
[hadoop@master Downloads]$ wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v12.x/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
--2019-10-11 10:07:38--  https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/latest-v12.x/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
Resolving npm.taobao.org (npm.taobao.org)... 114.55.80.225
Connecting to npm.taobao.org (npm.taobao.org)|114.55.80.225|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://cdn.npm.taobao.org/dist/node/latest-v12.x/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz [following]
--2019-10-11 10:07:38--  https://cdn.npm.taobao.org/dist/node/latest-v12.x/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
Resolving cdn.npm.taobao.org (cdn.npm.taobao.org)... 39.156.4.182, 39.156.4.179, 111.32.158.131
Connecting to cdn.npm.taobao.org (cdn.npm.taobao.org)|39.156.4.182|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 20935407 (20M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz’

100%[=========================================================================================================================================================================>] 20,935,407  3.63MB/s   in 5.7s   

2019-10-11 10:07:44 (3.49 MB/s) - ‘node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz’ saved [20935407/20935407]

[hadoop@master Downloads]$
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/nodejs
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz -C .
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/node-v11.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz -C .
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/node-v10.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz -C .
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/node-v9.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz -C .

使用軟連接，這樣方便日後切換不同的nodejs版本

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ ln -s node-v12.0.0-linux-x64 node
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ ls -al
total 4
drwxrwxr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop   48 Oct 11 10:12 .
drwx------. 75 hadoop hadoop 4096 Oct 11 10:06 ..
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 hadoop hadoop   22 Oct 11 10:12 node -> node-v12.0.0-linux-x64
drwxr-xr-x.  6 hadoop hadoop  108 Apr 23 20:38 node-v12.0.0-linux-x64

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/profile

#set for nodejs
export NODE_HOME=/home/hadoop/nodejs/node
export PATH=$NODE_HOME/bin:$PATH

[root@master ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@master ~]# node -v
v12.0.0
[root@master ~]# npm -v
6.9.0
[root@master ~]#

如果當前目錄沒有【package.json】文件，那麼就需要初始化

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ source /etc/profile
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm init -y
Wrote to /home/hadoop/nodejs/package.json:

{
  "name": "nodejs",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC"
}

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ vi package.json
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
up to date in 0.402s

這樣是將項目聲明爲私有，就不會報缺少README文件和倉庫字段了

"dev": "webpack-dev-server --inline --hot --open --port 5008"
"serve":"vue-cli-service serve",
"build","vue-cli-service build",
"lint":"vue-cli-service lint"

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: [email protected] (node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for [email protected]: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"linux","arch":"x64"})

added 385 packages in 5.564s

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ ls -al
total 164
drwxrwxr-x.   7 hadoop hadoop    202 Oct 11 15:35 .
drwx------.  78 hadoop hadoop   4096 Oct 11 15:28 ..
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 hadoop hadoop     25 Oct 11 15:34 node -> ./node-v10.0.0-linux-x64/
drwxrwxr-x. 315 hadoop hadoop  12288 Oct 11 15:35 node_modules                               --->npm install新增加出來的模塊(將來重新下載模塊，可以直接刪除這個目錄)
drwxrwxr-x.   7 hadoop hadoop    119 Oct 11 15:35 node-v10.0.0-linux-x64
drwxrwxr-x.   6 hadoop hadoop    108 Oct 23  2018 node-v11.0.0-linux-x64
drwxr-xr-x.   6 hadoop hadoop    138 Oct 11 15:34 node-v12.0.0-linux-x64
drwxrwxr-x.   6 hadoop hadoop    108 Nov  1  2017 node-v9.0.0-linux-x64
-rw-rw-r--.   1 hadoop hadoop    659 Oct 11 14:24 package.json
-rw-rw-r--.   1 hadoop hadoop 136796 Oct 11 15:35 package-lock.json

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install webpack-dev-server -g
/home/hadoop/nodejs/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/bin/webpack-dev-server -> /home/hadoop/nodejs/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/bin/webpack-dev-server.js
npm WARN [email protected] requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN [email protected] requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: [email protected] (node_modules/webpack-dev-server/node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for [email protected]: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"linux","arch":"x64"})

+ [email protected]
added 390 packages from 268 contributors in 74.896s

安裝了cnpm模塊後，就可以使用cnpm命令來安裝一些其他模塊了

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
/home/hadoop/nodejs/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/bin/cnpm -> /home/hadoop/nodejs/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/cnpm/bin/cnpm
+ [email protected]
added 683 packages from 915 contributors in 38.37s

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install webpack
⠙ [0/1] Installing is-buffer@^1.1.5platform unsupported [email protected] › [email protected] › [email protected] › fsevents@^1.2.7 Package require os(darwin) not compatible with your platform(linux)
[fsevents@^1.2.7] optional install error: Package require os(darwin) not compatible with your platform(linux)
 Installed 1 packages
 Linked 270 latest versions
 Run 0 scripts
Recently updated (since 2019-10-04): 3 packages (detail see file /home/hadoop/nodejs/node_modules/.recently_updates.txt)
 All packages installed (297 packages installed from npm registry, used 8s(network 8s), speed 638.93kB/s, json 271(546.65kB), tarball 4.46MB)

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm install --save-dev webpack

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install webpack-dev-server
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install --save-dev webpack-cli

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install webpack-dev-server -g

永久切換爲阿里源

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org
查詢是否切換成功了
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm config get registry
https://registry.npm.taobao.org/

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/nodejs
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ find ./ -name webpack*.js

安裝webpack

cnpm install webpack -g

安裝vue腳手架

npm install vue-cli -g

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install webpack
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm install

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ cnpm run dev

如果一切正常了，那麼就可以啓動開發模式了，啓動後會卡在這裏，並且啓動成功後，會打開8080端口，開啓一個http的頁面，我們訪問這個頁面，可以看到nodejs的相關目錄內容

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm run dev
> [email protected] dev /home/hadoop/nodejs
> webpack-dev-server --inline --progress --config node/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/bin/webpack-dev-server.js

40% building 1/2 modules 1 active /home/hadoop/nodejs/node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/index.js?http://localhost:8080ℹ ｢wds｣: Project is running at http://localhost:8080/
ℹ ｢wds｣: webpack output is served from /
ℹ ｢wds｣: Content not from webpack is served from /home/hadoop/nodejs
 ｢wdm｣: Hash: f13ad31a69df887be4b7
Version: webpack 4.41.0
Time: 518ms
Built at: 10/11/2019 2:24:38 PM
  Asset     Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
main.js  365 KiB    main  [emitted]  main
Entrypoint main = main.js
[0] multi ./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 ./src 40 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/clients/SockJSClient.js] 3.33 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/index.js?http://localhost:8080] ./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 4.29 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/overlay.js] 3.51 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/socket.js] 1.53 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/utils/createSocketUrl.js] 2.89 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/utils/getCurrentScriptSource.js] 658 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/utils/log.js] 964 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/utils/reloadApp.js] 1.59 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/utils/sendMessage.js] 402 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/node_modules/ansi-html/index.js] 4.16 KiB {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/node_modules/ansi-regex/index.js] 135 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/node_modules/html-entities/index.js] 231 bytes {main} [built]
[./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/node_modules/strip-ansi/index.js] 161 bytes {main} [built]
[./node_modules/webpack/hot sync ^\.\/log$](webpack)/hot sync nonrecursive ^\.\/log$ 170 bytes {main} [built]
    + 17 hidden modules

ERROR in Entry module not found: Error: Can't resolve './src' in '/home/hadoop/nodejs'

ERROR in multi ./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 ./src
Module not found: Error: Can't resolve './src' in '/home/hadoop/nodejs'
 @ multi ./node-v12.0.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 ./src main[1]
ℹ ｢wdm｣: Failed to compile.

cd 命令進入eclipse/idea創建的工程目錄

[hadoop@master vuesys]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/IdeaProjects/vuesys

安裝項目依賴
一定要從官方倉庫安裝，npm 服務器在國外所以這一步安裝速度會很慢。這個install的命令一定要在eclipse，或者idea的前段代碼所在路徑進行安裝

[hadoop@master vuesys]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/IdeaProjects/vuesys
[hadoop@master vuesys]$ npm install

不要從國內鏡像cnpm安裝(會導致後面缺了很多依賴庫)

[hadoop@master vuesys]$ cnpm install

如果是已經存在的項目（package.json直接是已經存在的），那麼可以嘗試直接運行：

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm run dev

[hadoop@master vuesys]$ ls -al
total 120
drwxr-xr-x.    9 hadoop hadoop  4096 Oct 11 15:28 .
drwxrwxr-x.   25 hadoop hadoop  4096 Oct 11 14:43 ..
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   337 Oct 11 14:43 .babelrc
drwxr-xr-x.    2 hadoop hadoop   200 Oct 11 14:43 build
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop  2371 Oct 11 14:43 CHANGELOG.md
drwxr-xr-x.    2 hadoop hadoop    78 Oct 11 14:43 config
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   147 Oct 11 14:43 .editorconfig
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop    74 Oct 11 14:43 .eslintignore
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   576 Oct 11 14:43 .eslintrc.js
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   212 Oct 11 14:43 .gitignore
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop  2670 Oct 11 14:43 gulpfile.js
drwxr-xr-x.    2 hadoop hadoop    62 Oct 11 15:20 .idea
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   977 Oct 11 14:43 index.html
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop  1057 Oct 11 14:43 LICENSE
drwxrwxr-x. 1150 hadoop hadoop 36864 Oct 11 15:28 node_modules                     ---》新生成的模塊目錄
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop  3082 Oct 11 14:43 package.json
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   223 Oct 11 14:43 .postcssrc.js
-rw-r--r--.    1 hadoop hadoop     8 Oct 11 14:43 README.md
drwxr-xr-x.   12 hadoop hadoop   188 Oct 11 14:43 src
drwxr-xr-x.    5 hadoop hadoop    46 Oct 11 14:43 static
drwxr-xr-x.    4 hadoop hadoop    29 Oct 11 14:43 test
-rw-rw-r--.    1 hadoop hadoop   335 Oct 11 15:18 vuesys.iml

安裝 vue 路由模塊vue-router和網絡請求模塊vue-resource

cnpm install vue-router vue-resource --save

啓動項目

npm run dev

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm update -g
[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm update vue-cli

安裝一下這個依賴到工程開發環境

cnpm install opn --save-dev
cnpm install webpack-dev-middleware --save-dev
cnpm install express --save-dev
cnpm install compression --save-dev
cnpm install sockjs --save-dev
cnpm install spdy --save-dev
cnpm install http-proxy-middleware --save-dev
cnpm install serve-index --save-dev
cnpm install connect-history-api-fallback --save-dev
cnpm install babel-helpers --save-dev
cnpm install babel-traverse --save-dev
cnpm install json5 --save-dev

遇到
Module build failed: Error: Cannot find module '模塊名'
那就安裝
cnpm install 模塊名 --save-dev(關於環境的，表現爲npm run dev 啓動不了)
cnpm install 模塊名 --save(關於項目的，比如main.js，表現爲npm run dev 成功之後控制檯報錯)
比如escape-string-regexp、strip-ansi、has-ansi、is-finite、emojis-list

輸入完命令會自動打開瀏覽器，如果默認打開 IE 不行（這裏所有的操作，都是在idea，eclipse的目錄中完成的）

[hadoop@master nodejs]$ npm run dev

> [email protected] dev /home/hadoop/IdeaProjects/vuesys
> webpack-dev-server --inline --progress --config build/webpack.dev.conf.js

 26% building modules 134/174 modules 40 active ...adoop/IdeaProjects/vuesys/src/App.vueNo parser and no filepath given, using 'babel' the parser now but this will throw an error in the future. Please specify a parser or a filepath so one can be inferred.
 37% building modules 233/281 modules 48 active ...sys/src/components/icon-svg/index.vueNo parser and no filepath given, using 'babel' the parser now but this will throw an error in the future. Please specify a parser or a filepath so one can be inferred.
 40% building modules 258/305 modules 47 active ...ects/vuesys/src/views/main-navbar.vueNo parser and no filepath given, using 'babel' the parser now but this will throw an error in the future. Please specify a parser or a filepath so one can be inferred.
 ..............................................這裏省略很多重複的內容 ..............................................
 60% building modules 419/461 modules 42 active ...cts/vuesys/src/views/demo/echarts.vueNo parser and no filepath given, using 'babel' the parser now but this will throw an error in the future. Please specify a parser or a filepath so one can be inferred.
 66% building modules 512/547 modules 35 active ...omponents/table-tree-column/index.vueNo parser and no filepath given, using 'babel' the parser now but this will throw an error in the future. Please specify a parser or a filepath so one can be inferred.
 95% emitting                                                                           

 DONE  Compiled successfully in 14744ms                                                                                                                                                                    15:55:09

 I  Your application is running here: http://localhost:8001

看不到任何錯誤，並且系統會【自動】把瀏覽器打開，把首頁打開的。