RedHat:RedHat Enterprise Linux6.0
Apache Httpd Server:httpd-2.2.24.tar.gz 下載地址:http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
Tomcat:apache-tomcat-6.0.35.zip 下載地址:http://tomcat.apache.org/download-60.cgi
Apache Tomcat Connector:tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz 下載地址:http://tomcat.apache.org/download-connectors.cgi
2、安裝Apache Httpd Server
關於Apache Httpd Server的安裝此處略過,參見Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6下安裝Apache Httpd Server3、安裝Apache Tomcat Connector
解壓源文件
tar -xzvf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz
進入源碼目錄
cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/
編譯和安裝
./buildconf.sh
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-java-home=$JAVA_HOME --with-java-platform=2 --enable-jni
make
安裝成功之後進入cd /usr/local/apache2/modules/目錄下,可以看到mod_jk.so文件
4、Tomcat安裝及配置
Tomcat存放目錄 /usr/local/
tomcat-6.0.35_1、tomcat-6.0.35_2
修改tomcat-6.0.35_1的端口配置信息server.xml
開啓Tomcat集羣支持server.xml
此處增加jvmRoute="tomcat1",這裏的tomcat1值要和後面workers.properties值保持一致,建議的命名是從tomcat1開始增加
在<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> </Engine>之間增加關於集羣的配置。
Tomcat提供了一份默認的配置,可以參考如下地址:
http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/cluster-howto.html
我們可以直接使用Tomcat提供的默認配置來進行實驗,但有一點需要注意
官方提供的address="auto",如果在虛擬機中進行實驗的話需要進行修改一下,把地址修改爲localhost或自己機器的ip地址就可以,不然啓動時會報錯誤。
附:完整的cluster配置如下
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1">
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="localhost"
port="4000"
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
修改tomcat-6.0.35_2的端口配置信息server.xml
5、配置Apache Httpd Server
cd /usr/local/apache2/conf/
修改配置文件httpd.conf在文件末尾增加如下配置信息
# Load mod_jk module
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
# Specify jk log file.
JkLogFile /var/log/mod_jk.log
# Specify jk log level [debug/error/info]
JkLogLevel info
# Specify workers.properties, this file tell jk:
# how many nodes and where they are.
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
# Specify which requests should handled by which node.
JkMount /* controller
參考地址:http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/webserver_howto/apache.html
在Apache配置文件夾下增加一個配置文件workers.properties
文件內容如下:
worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009
worker.tomcat1.host=localhost
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=8109
worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
#========controller,負載均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
worker.controller.sticky_session=1
#sticky_session爲1表示
到此爲止關於集羣已經搭建好了基本環境
如果要讓應用程序支持集羣,需要在做如下兩點:
-
在應用程序web.xml文件中需要加入:<distributable/>元素。
-
Session中存放的數據(如attribute)需要實例序列化。
所使用的Tomcat及Web項目:下載