採用XML+XSL樣式表製作報表
一、問題的產生：
在項目中，需要對一些交易和業務查詢結果製作報表，最初的方法是製作了專門的打印報表類來專門製作報表，但問題是報表的設計需要使用畫圖技術來製作表格，而畫圖的方法很難解決數據的多樣性帶來的可擴展性的挑戰，比如數據長度增加不能很好的自動換行，彙總結果需要人工來控制，報表的打印顯示也不夠美觀，還有，需要對把報表結果存儲爲EXCEL文件。所以這些問題給我們帶來了很大的挑戰。
二、解決思路：
考慮到報表的可視化設計、可擴展性、美觀以及存儲，採用XML存儲數據，XSL樣式表來設計報表樣式的技術解決我們的困難。
三、解決步驟：
1、首先根據需求的報表樣式設計報表的樣式表；
2、把報表所需的數據存儲爲XML文件；
3、通過XSL樣式表來把XML文件顯示出來既是我們所要的報表；
4、使用IE自帶的打印功能把這個具有樣式表的XML文件打印出來；
5、可以把XML和XSL進行轉換，可以轉換爲我們所要的EXCEL文件。
四、詳細設計：
1、報表樣式需求如圖1：
2、樣式表XSL設計如圖：
代碼如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:key name="LogItem-TotalAmount" match="LogItem" use="totalAmount" />
<xsl:template match="InvoiceReport">
<html>
<head>
<title>Receipt/TAX Invoice Report</title>
<style>
.abc {border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000}
.reportno{font-size:10px}
.title{border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;font-size:20px}
td{font-family:Arial;font-size:15px}
</style>
</head>
<body topmargin="20" leftmargin="20" rightmargin="20" bottommargin="20">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" align="center">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff" >
<table width="100%" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="12"></td>
<td align="right" class="reportno">Report No:BI-R1<xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td align="center" height="30" colspan="13" class="title"><b>Receipt/TAX Invoice Report</b></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td height="50" colspan="3" >PEA Area: <xsl:value-of select="PeaArea" /></td>
<td colspan="3">TAX ID: <xsl:value-of select="TaxID" /></td>
<td colspan="5">Selected Period</td>
<td colspan="2">Issue Date: <xsl:value-of select="IssueDate" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="50" colspan="6" >PEA Sub Area Code: <xsl:value-of select="AreaCode" /></td>
<td colspan="2">Start Date: <xsl:value-of select="StartDate" /></td>
<td colspan="5">End Date: <xsl:value-of select="EndDate" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<tr align="center">
<td class="abc">Printer Serial No.</td>
<td class="abc">Receipt No./Tax</td>
<td class="abc">Purchase Date</td>
<td class="abc">Consumer ID</td>
<td class="abc">Renew Smart Card (Baht)</td>
<td class="abc">FT Cal. Back +/- (Baht)</td>
<td class="abc">Estimated Energy Unit (KWh)</td>
<td class="abc">Purchase Amount (Baht)</td>
<td class="abc">VAT 7% (Baht)</td>
<td class="abc">Total Amount (Baht)</td>
<td class="abc">Cash Receiver</td>
</tr>
<xsl:for-each select="InvoiceItem[count(. | key('LogItem-TotalAmount', totalAmount)[last()]) = 1]">
<xsl:sort select="totalAmount" />
</xsl:for-each>
<xsl:for-each select="InvoiceItem">
<tr>
<td align="left" class="abc"><xsl:value-of select="PrintSn" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
<td align="left" class="abc"><xsl:value-of select="ReceiptNo" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
<td align="left" class="abc"><xsl:value-of select="PurchaseDate" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
<td align="left" class="abc"><xsl:value-of select="ConsumerID" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(CardAmount, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(BackAmount, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(EnergyUnit, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(PurchaseAmount, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(VatAmount, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="right" class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="format-number(TotalAmount, '###,##0.00')" /></td>
<td align="left" class="abc"><xsl:value-of select="Reveiver" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
<tr align="center">
<td colspan="4" class="abc">Total</td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/CardAmount), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/BackAmount), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/EnergyUnit), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/PurchaseAmount), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/VatAmount), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><b><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(InvoiceItem/TotalAmount), '###,##0.00')" /><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></b></td>
<td class="abc"><xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">&nbsp;</xsl:text></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
3、使用tinyXML來解析XML，把查詢數據存儲到XML文件。
內容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312" ?>
<?xml-stylesheet href="Receipt.xsl" type="text/xsl" ?>
<InvoiceReport>
<PeaArea>bj</PeaArea>
<AreaCode>0000</AreaCode>
<TaxID>5469465890</TaxID>
<StartDate>23/07/07</StartDate>
<EndDate>23/08/07</EndDate>
<IssueDate>23/08/50</IssueDate>
<InvoiceItem>
<PrintSn>print1</PrintSn>
<ReceiptNo>50000000100</ReceiptNo>
<PurchaseDate>2007-08-13</PurchaseDate>
<PurchaseTime>16:08</PurchaseTime>
<ConsumerID>0505185712000001</ConsumerID>
<CardAmount>0.00</CardAmount>
<BackAmount>0.00</BackAmount>
<ExtraAmount>0.00</ExtraAmount>
<EnergyUnit>0.00</EnergyUnit>
<PurchaseAmount>1000.00</PurchaseAmount>
<VatAmount>70.00</VatAmount>
<TotalAmount>1070.00</TotalAmount>
<Reveiver>Administrator</Reveiver>
</InvoiceItem>
<InvoiceItem>
<PrintSn>print1</PrintSn>
<ReceiptNo>50000000101</ReceiptNo>
<PurchaseDate>2007-08-13</PurchaseDate>
<PurchaseTime>17:08</PurchaseTime>
<ConsumerID>0505185712000001</ConsumerID>
<CardAmount>0.00</CardAmount>
<BackAmount>0.00</BackAmount>
<ExtraAmount>0.00</ExtraAmount>
<EnergyUnit>0.00</EnergyUnit>
<PurchaseAmount>1.00</PurchaseAmount>
<VatAmount>0.07</VatAmount>
<TotalAmount>1.07</TotalAmount>
<Reveiver>Administrator</Reveiver>
</InvoiceItem>
<InvoiceItem>
<PrintSn>print1</PrintSn>
<ReceiptNo>50000000102</ReceiptNo>
<PurchaseDate>2007-08-13</PurchaseDate>
<PurchaseTime>17:08</PurchaseTime>
<ConsumerID>0505185712000001</ConsumerID>
<CardAmount>0.00</CardAmount>
<BackAmount>0.00</BackAmount>
<ExtraAmount>0.00</ExtraAmount>
<EnergyUnit>0.00</EnergyUnit>
<PurchaseAmount>100.00</PurchaseAmount>
<VatAmount>7.00</VatAmount>
<TotalAmount>107.00</TotalAmount>
<Reveiver>Administrator</Reveiver>
</InvoiceItem>
</InvoiceReport>
4、報表結果：
在應用程序中使用了CHtmlCtrl控件類來加載XML瀏覽報表結果如圖：
顯示很好，可以自動擴展，彙總等。
主要代碼：
static CHtmlCtrl m_page;
VERIFY(m_page.CreateFromStatic(IDC_HTMLVIEW, this));
m_page.Navigate2(m_url,NULL,NULL);
5、打印報表預覽如圖：
代碼：
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINTPREVIEW, OLECMDEXECOPT_PROMPTUSER, NULL, NULL);
6、存儲爲EXCEL如圖：
代碼：
VARIANT_BOOL status;
IXMLDOMDocument *pXMLDoc, *pXSLDoc;
CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IXMLDOMDocument, (void**)&pXMLDoc);
CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IXMLDOMDocument, (void**)&pXSLDoc);
CString xmlFile = g_apppath + "report//Receipt.xml";
CString xslFile = g_apppath + "report//Receipt.xsl";
HRESULT hr = pXMLDoc->load(COleVariant((LPCSTR)xmlFile), &status);
if (S_OK != hr) {
AfxMessageBox("load error");
return ;
}
hr = pXSLDoc->load(COleVariant((LPCSTR)xslFile), &status);
if (S_OK != hr) {
AfxMessageBox("load error");
return ;
}
BSTR sHTML; //存儲轉換後的數據
hr = pXMLDoc->transformNode(pXSLDoc, &sHTML);
if (S_OK != hr) {
AfxMessageBox("transformNode error");
return ;
}
//另存爲EXCEL文件
TCHAR szSaveFileNames[MAX_PATH] = {0};
OPENFILENAME ofn;
ZeroMemory( &ofn, sizeof(ofn));
ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(OPENFILENAME);
ofn.hwndOwner = this->m_hWnd;
ofn.lpstrFilter = TEXT("Microsoft Office Excel Files (*.xls)|*.xls");
ofn.Flags = OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT | OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_NOCHANGEDIR;
ofn.lpstrFile = szSaveFileNames;
ofn.nMaxFile = sizeof(szSaveFileNames);
ofn.nFilterIndex = 1;
ofn.lpstrFileTitle = NULL;
ofn.nMaxFileTitle = 0;
ofn.lpstrDefExt = TEXT("xls");
CString strPath = g_apppath + "report";
ofn.lpstrInitialDir = strPath;
if ( !GetSaveFileName( &ofn ) )
return;
FILE *stream;
if( (stream = fopen( szSaveFileNames, "w" )) == NULL ) {
AfxMessageBox( "The file 'data' can not be written/n" );
return ;
}
else {
fprintf( stream, "%s", (CString)sHTML);
fflush(stream);
fclose(stream);
AfxMessageBox("Save Successful!");
}
五、結論:
很好的解決了問題。效果很好！
六、參考資料：
tinyXML、XML、XSL、CHtmlCtrl、ExecWB、OPENFILENAME;
