linux 有自己的 input 子系統,可以統一管理鼠標和鍵盤事件。
基於輸入子系統 實現的 uinput 可以方便的在用戶空間模擬鼠標和鍵盤事件。
當然,也可以自己造輪子, 做一個字符設備接收用戶輸入,根據輸入,投遞 input 事件。
還有一種方式就是直接 往 evnent 裏寫入數據, 都可以達到控制鼠標鍵盤的功能。
本篇文章就是演示直接寫入 event 的方法。
linux/input.h中有定義,這個文件還定義了標準按鍵的編碼等
struct input_event {
struct timeval time; //按鍵時間
__u16 type; //類型,在下面有定義
__u16 code; //要模擬成什麼按鍵
__s32 value;//是按下還是釋放
};
code:
事件的代碼.如果事件的類型代碼是EV_KEY,該代碼code爲設備鍵盤代碼.代碼植0~127爲鍵盤上的按鍵代碼, 0x110~0x116 爲鼠標上按鍵代碼,其中0x110(BTN_ LEFT)爲鼠標左鍵,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)爲鼠標右鍵,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)爲鼠標中鍵.其它代碼含義請參看include/linux /input.h文件. 如果事件的類型代碼是EV_REL,code值表示軌跡的類型.如指示鼠標的X軸方向 REL_X (代碼爲0x00),指示鼠標的Y軸方向REL_Y(代碼爲0x01),指示鼠標中輪子方向REL_WHEEL(代碼爲0x08).
type:
EV_KEY,鍵盤
EV_REL,相對座標
EV_ABS,絕對座標
value:
事件的值.如果事件的類型代碼是EV_KEY,當按鍵按下時值爲1,鬆開時值爲0;如果事件的類型代碼是EV_ REL,value的正數值和負數值分別代表兩個不同方向的值.
/*
* Event types
*/
#define EV_SYN 0x00
#define EV_KEY 0x01 //按鍵
#define EV_REL 0x02 //相對座標(軌跡球)
#define EV_ABS 0x03 //絕對座標
#define EV_MSC 0x04 //其他
#define EV_SW 0x05
#define EV_LED 0x11 //LED
#define EV_SND 0x12//聲音
#define EV_REP 0x14//repeat
#define EV_FF 0x15
#define EV_PWR 0x16
#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17
#define EV_MAX 0x1f
#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)
下面是一個模擬鼠標和鍵盤輸入的例子:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <linux/uinput.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void simulate_key(int fd,int kval)
{
struct input_event event;
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = kval;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = kval;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}
void simulate_mouse(int fd)
{
struct input_event event;
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_REL;
event.code = REL_X;
event.value = 10;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_REL;
event.code = REL_Y;
event.value = 10;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}
int main()
{
int fd_kbd;
int fd_mouse;
fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1",O_RDWR);
if(fd_kbd<=0){
printf("error open keyboard:\n");
return -1;
}
fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event2",O_RDWR);
if(fd_mouse<=0){
printf("error open mouse\n");
return -2;
}
int i = 0;
for(i=0; i< 10; i++)
{
simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i);
simulate_mouse(fd_mouse);
sleep(1);
}
close(fd_kbd);
}
模擬了鼠標和鍵盤的輸入事件。
關於這裏 open 哪個 event , 可以通過 cat /proc/bus/input/devices
I: Bus=0017 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=0100
N: Name="Macintosh mouse button emulation"
P: Phys=
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input0
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse0 event0
B: EV=7
B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B: REL=3
I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=ab41
N: Name="AT Translated Set 2 keyboard"
P: Phys=isa0060/serio0/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input1
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event1
B: EV=120013
B: KEY=4 2000000 3803078 f800d001 feffffdf ffefffff ffffffff fffffffe
B: MSC=10
B: LED=7
I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0002 Version=0000
N: Name="Power Button (FF)"
P: Phys=LNXPWRBN/button/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input3
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event3
B: EV=3
B: KEY=100000 0 0 0
I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0001 Version=0000
N: Name="Power Button (CM)"
P: Phys=PNP0C0C/button/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input4
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event4
B: EV=3
B: KEY=100000 0 0 0
I: Bus=0003 Vendor=046d Product=c018 Version=0111
N: Name="Logitech USB Optical Mouse"
P: Phys=usb-0000:00:1d.1-2/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input24
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse1 event2
B: EV=7
B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B: REL=103
我的鼠標是 羅技 的 Logitech USB Optical Mouse, 所以 鼠標是 event2
下面是一個讀取 鼠標和鍵盤事件的例子:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
static void show_event(struct input_event* event)
{
printf("%d %d %d\n", event->type, event->code, event->value);
return;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
struct input_event event = {{0}, 0};
const char* file_name = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "/dev/input/event2";
int fd = open(file_name, O_RDWR);
if(fd > 0)
{
while(1)
{
int ret = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
if(ret == sizeof(event))
{
show_event(&event);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
close(fd);
}
return 0;
}
很多人對於 如何模擬 CTRL + SPACE 感興趣, 下面也給個例子,呵呵。
void simulate_ctrl_space(int fd)
{
struct input_event event;
//先發送一個 CTRL 按下去的事件。
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
//先發送一個 SPACE 按下去的事件。
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
//發送一個 釋放 SPACE 的事件
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
//發送一個 釋放 CTRL 的事件
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}
還有一種方式就是直接 往 evnent 裏寫入數據, 都可以達到控制鼠標鍵盤的功能。
本篇文章就是演示直接寫入 event 的方法。
linux/input.h中有定義,這個文件還定義了標準按鍵的編碼等
struct input_event {
struct timeval time; //按鍵時間
__u16 type; //類型,在下面有定義
__u16 code; //要模擬成什麼按鍵
__s32 value;//是按下還是釋放
};
code:
事件的代碼.如果事件的類型代碼是EV_KEY,該代碼code爲設備鍵盤代碼.代碼植0~127爲鍵盤上的按鍵代碼, 0x110~0x116 爲鼠標上按鍵代碼,其中0x110(BTN_ LEFT)爲鼠標左鍵,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)爲鼠標右鍵,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)爲鼠標中鍵.其它代碼含義請參看include/linux /input.h文件. 如果事件的類型代碼是EV_REL,code值表示軌跡的類型.如指示鼠標的X軸方向 REL_X (代碼爲0x00),指示鼠標的Y軸方向REL_Y(代碼爲0x01),指示鼠標中輪子方向REL_WHEEL(代碼爲0x08).
type:
EV_KEY,鍵盤
EV_REL,相對座標
EV_ABS,絕對座標
value:
事件的值.如果事件的類型代碼是EV_KEY,當按鍵按下時值爲1,鬆開時值爲0;如果事件的類型代碼是EV_ REL,value的正數值和負數值分別代表兩個不同方向的值.
/*
* Event types
*/
#define EV_SYN 0x00
#define EV_KEY 0x01 //按鍵
#define EV_REL 0x02 //相對座標(軌跡球)
#define EV_ABS 0x03 //絕對座標
#define EV_MSC 0x04 //其他
#define EV_SW 0x05
#define EV_LED 0x11 //LED
#define EV_SND 0x12//聲音
#define EV_REP 0x14//repeat
#define EV_FF 0x15
#define EV_PWR 0x16
#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17
#define EV_MAX 0x1f
#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)
下面是一個模擬鼠標和鍵盤輸入的例子:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <linux/uinput.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void simulate_key(int fd,int kval)
{
struct input_event event;
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = kval;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = kval;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}
void simulate_mouse(int fd)
{
struct input_event event;
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_REL;
event.code = REL_X;
event.value = 10;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_REL;
event.code = REL_Y;
event.value = 10;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}
int main()
{
int fd_kbd;
int fd_mouse;
fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1",O_RDWR);
if(fd_kbd<=0){
printf("error open keyboard:\n");
return -1;
}
fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event2",O_RDWR);
if(fd_mouse<=0){
printf("error open mouse\n");
return -2;
}
int i = 0;
for(i=0; i< 10; i++)
{
simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i);
simulate_mouse(fd_mouse);
sleep(1);
}
close(fd_kbd);
}
模擬了鼠標和鍵盤的輸入事件。
關於這裏 open 哪個 event , 可以通過 cat /proc/bus/input/devices
I: Bus=0017 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=0100
N: Name="Macintosh mouse button emulation"
P: Phys=
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input0
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse0 event0
B: EV=7
B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B: REL=3
I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0001 Product=0001 Version=ab41
N: Name="AT Translated Set 2 keyboard"
P: Phys=isa0060/serio0/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input1
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event1
B: EV=120013
B: KEY=4 2000000 3803078 f800d001 feffffdf ffefffff ffffffff fffffffe
B: MSC=10
B: LED=7
I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0002 Version=0000
N: Name="Power Button (FF)"
P: Phys=LNXPWRBN/button/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input3
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event3
B: EV=3
B: KEY=100000 0 0 0
I: Bus=0019 Vendor=0000 Product=0001 Version=0000
N: Name="Power Button (CM)"
P: Phys=PNP0C0C/button/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input4
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd event4
B: EV=3
B: KEY=100000 0 0 0
I: Bus=0003 Vendor=046d Product=c018 Version=0111
N: Name="Logitech USB Optical Mouse"
P: Phys=usb-0000:00:1d.1-2/input0
S: Sysfs=/class/input/input24
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse1 event2
B: EV=7
B: KEY=70000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B: REL=103
我的鼠標是 羅技 的 Logitech USB Optical Mouse, 所以 鼠標是 event2
下面是一個讀取 鼠標和鍵盤事件的例子:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
static void show_event(struct input_event* event)
{
printf("%d %d %d\n", event->type, event->code, event->value);
return;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
struct input_event event = {{0}, 0};
const char* file_name = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "/dev/input/event2";
int fd = open(file_name, O_RDWR);
if(fd > 0)
{
while(1)
{
int ret = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
if(ret == sizeof(event))
{
show_event(&event);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
close(fd);
}
return 0;
}
很多人對於 如何模擬 CTRL + SPACE 感興趣, 下面也給個例子,呵呵。
void simulate_ctrl_space(int fd)
{
struct input_event event;
//先發送一個 CTRL 按下去的事件。
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
//先發送一個 SPACE 按下去的事件。
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.value = 1;
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);
write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;
//發送一個 釋放 SPACE 的事件
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
//發送一個 釋放 CTRL 的事件
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
event.type = EV_KEY;
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
event.type = EV_SYN;
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
event.value = 0;
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
}