阿里雲 cenos7 安裝mysql

yum快速安裝mysql

[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z ~]# cd / #########進入根目錄
[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z /]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm ####新增yum源
Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z /]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" #####查看可用的mysql版本
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 45
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 59
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 378
[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z /]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.39-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.39-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.39-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.39-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.39-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+9 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 82 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/11): mysql-community-common-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:00
(2/11): mysql-community-libs-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00
(4/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00
(5/11): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00
(6/11): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00
(7/11): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
(8/11): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00
(9/11): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00
(10/11): mysql-community-client-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:03
(11/11): mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:00:07
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 9.0 MB/s | 82 MB 00:00:09
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <[email protected]>"
Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 1/12
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 2/12
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 3/12
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 4/12
Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 5/12
Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 6/12
Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 7/12
Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/12
Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 9/12
Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 10/12
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 11/12
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 12/12
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clear_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf: remove failed: No such file or directory
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 1/12
Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 2/12
Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 3/12
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 4/12
Verifying : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 5/12
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 6/12
Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 7/12
Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 8/12
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/12
Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 10/12
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.39-2.el7.x86_64 11/12
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 12/12

Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7

Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.39-2.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7
perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7
perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7

Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7

Complete!
[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z /]# systemctl enable mysqld #######啓動mysql服務進程
[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z /]# systemctl start mysqld #######配置mysql（設置密碼等）

[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z ~]# mysql_secure_installation #######配置初始信息

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次運行直接回車
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y<– 是否設置root用戶密碼，輸入y並回車或直接回車
New password: <– 設置root用戶的密碼
Re-enter new password: <– 再輸入一次你設置的密碼
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除匿名用戶,生產環境建議刪除，所以直接回車
... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root遠程登錄,根據自己的需求選擇Y/n並回車,建議禁止
... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除test數據庫,直接回車
- Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
... Failed! Not critical, keep moving...
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]<– 是否重新加載權限表，直接回車
... Success!

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

Cleaning up...

以上已經完成安裝。

配置和啓動

數據庫字符集設置爲utf8：
MySQL 配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8

啓動 MySQL 服務：
service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start

設置開機啓動：
添加開機啓動：chkconfig --add mysqld;
開機啓動：chkconfig mysqld on;

查看開機啓動設置是否成功：

chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啓用 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉停止：

停止 MySQL 服務：

service mysqld stop

MySQL 登陸等權限設置

登錄 MySQL 數據庫：
mysql -u root password 123456（剛剛安裝時設置的密碼）

首次使用創建root管理員和密碼：
（mysql -u root -p 直接加上密碼。或者是回車後輸入密碼都可以）
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;

忘記密碼：
service mysqld stop;
mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;
這一步驟執行的時候不會出現新的命令行，你需要重新打開一個窗口執行下面的命令
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root"; -->修改root 的密碼爲123456
flush privileges;

如果需要外網可以訪問需要再做如下設置：授權用戶可以從遠程登陸
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'pwd123';
flush privileges ;

[root@iZwz95awar071umsfgn716Z ~]# mysql -u root -p ####進入mysql
Enter password: ####輸入剛剛設置的密碼
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql; ####使用mysql數據庫
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user; #####查看user表
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *80A84E4759FEC49969DA411756A51BB3FEC9B72C |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *80A84E4759FEC49969DA411756A51BB3FEC9B72C |
| ::1 | root | *80A84E4759FEC49969DA411756A51BB3FEC9B72C |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到在user表中已創建的root用戶。host字段表示登錄的主機，其值可以用IP，也可用主機名，