codepage轉載

1. Codepage的定義和歷史

字符內碼(charcter code)指的是用來代表字符的內碼.讀者在輸入和存儲文檔時都要使用內碼,內碼分爲

  • 單字節內碼 -- Single-Byte character sets (SBCS),可以支持256個字符編碼.
  • 雙字節內碼 -- Double-Byte character sets)(DBCS),可以支持65000個字符編碼.主要用來對大字符集的東方文字進行編碼.
codepage 指的是一個經過挑選的以特定順序排列的字符內碼列表,對於早期的單字節內碼的語種,codepage中的內碼順序使得系統可以按照此列表來根據鍵盤的輸入值給出一個對應的內碼.對於雙字節內碼,則給出的是MultiByte到Unicode的對應表,這樣就可以把以Unicode形式存放的字符轉化爲相應的字符內碼,或者反之,在Linux核心中對應的函數就是utf8_mbtowc和utf8_wctomb.

在1980年前,仍然沒有任何國際標準如ISO-8859或Unicode來定義如何擴展US-ASCII編碼以便非英語國家的用戶使用.很多IT 廠商發明了他們自己的編碼,並且使用了難以記憶的數目來標識:

 

 

例如936代表簡體中文. 950代表繁體中文.

 

 

1.1 CJK Codepage

同 Extended Unix Coding ( EUC )編碼大不一樣的是,下面所有的遠東 codepage 都利用了C1控制碼 { =80..=9F } 做爲首字節, 使用ASCII值 { =40..=7E { 做爲第二字節,這樣才能包含多達數萬個雙字節字符,這表明在這種編碼之中小於3F的ASCII值不一定代表ASCII字符.

CP932

Shift-JIS包含日本語 charset JIS X 0201 (每個字符一個字節) 和 JIS X 0208 (每個字符兩個字節),所以 JIS X 0201平假名包含一個字節半寬的字符,其剩餘的60個字節被用做7076個漢字以及648個其他全寬字符的首字節.同EUC-JP編碼區別的是, Shift-JIS沒有包含JIS X 202中定義的5802個漢字.

CP936

GBK 擴展了 EUC-CN 編碼( GB 2312-80編碼,包含 6763 個漢字)到Unicode (GB13000.1-93)中定義的20902個漢字,中國大陸使用的是簡體中文zh_CN.

CP949

UnifiedHangul (UHC) 是韓文 EUC-KR 編碼(KS C 5601-1992 編碼,包括2350 韓文音節和 4888 個漢字a)的超集,包含 8822個附加的韓文音節( 在C1中 )

CP950

是代替EUC-TW (CNS 11643-1992)的 Big5 編碼(13072 繁體 zh_TW 中文字) 繁體中文,這些定義都在Ken Lunde的 CJK.INF中或者 Unicode 編碼表中找到.

注意: Microsoft採用以上四種Codepage,因此要訪問Microsoft的文件系統時必需採用上面的Codepage .

 

1.2 IBM的遠東語言Codepage

IBM的Codepage分爲SBCS和DBCS兩種:

IBM SBCS Codepage

 

37 (英文) * 290 (日文) * 833 (韓文) * 836 (簡體中文) * 891 (韓文) 897 (日文) 903 (簡體中文) 904 (繁體中文)

IBM DBCS Codepage

300 (日文) * 301 (日文) 834 (韓文) * 835 (繁體中文) * 837 (簡體中文) * 926 (韓文) 927 (繁體中文) 928 (簡體中文)

將SBCS的Codepage和DBCS的Codepage混合起來就成爲: IBM MBCS Codepage

930 (日文) (Codepage 300 加 290) * 932 (日文) (Codepage 301 加 897) 933 (韓文) (Codepage 834 加 833) * 934 (韓文) (Codepage 926 加 891) 938 (繁體中文) (Codepage 927 加 904) 936 (簡體中文) (Codepage 928 加 903) 5031 (簡體中文) (Codepage 837 加 836) * 5033 (繁體中文) (Codepage 835 加 37) *

*代表採用EBCDIC編碼格式

由此可見,Mircosoft的CJK Codepage來源於IBM的Codepage.

2. Linux下Codepage的作用

在Linux下引入對Codepage的支持主要是爲了訪問FAT/VFAT/FAT32/NTFS/NCPFS等文件系統下的多語種文件名的問題,目前在NTFS和FAT32/VFAT下的文件系統上都使用了Unicode,這就需要系統在讀取這些文件名時動態將其轉換爲相應的語言編碼.因此引入了NLS支持.其相應的程序文件在/usr/src/linux/fs/nls下:

 

  • Config.in
  • Makefile
  • nls_base.c
  • nls_cp437.c
  • nls_cp737.c
  • nls_cp775.c
  • nls_cp850.c
  • nls_cp852.c
  • nls_cp855.c
  • nls_cp857.c
  • nls_cp860.c
  • nls_cp861.c
  • nls_cp862.c
  • nls_cp863.c
  • nls_cp864.c
  • nls_cp865.c
  • nls_cp866.c
  • nls_cp869.c
  • nls_cp874.c
  • nls_cp936.c
  • nls_cp950.c
  • nls_iso8859-1.c
  • nls_iso8859-15.c
  • nls_iso8859-2.c
  • nls_iso8859-3.c
  • nls_iso8859-4.c
  • nls_iso8859-5.c
  • nls_iso8859-6.c
  • nls_iso8859-7.c
  • nls_iso8859-8.c
  • nls_iso8859-9.c
  • nls_koi8-r.c

實現了下列函數:

  • extern int utf8_mbtowc(__u16 *, const __u8 *, int);
  • extern int utf8_mbstowcs(__u16 *, const __u8 *, int);
  • extern int utf8_wctomb(__u8 *, __u16, int);
  • extern int utf8_wcstombs(__u8 *, const __u16 *, int);

 

這樣在加載相應的文件系統時就可以用下面的參數來設置Codepage:

對於Codepage 437 來說

mount -t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/1 -o codepage=437,iocharset=cp437

 

這樣在Linux下就可以正常訪問不同語種的長文件名了.

3. Linux下支持的Codepage

 

 

nls codepage 437 -- 美國/加拿大英語

 

nls codepage 737 -- 希臘語

 

nls codepage 775 -- 波羅的海語

 

nls codepage 850 -- 包括西歐語種(德語,西班牙語,意大利語)中的一些字符

 

nls codepage 852 -- Latin 2 包括中東歐語種(阿爾巴尼亞語,克羅地亞語,捷克語,英語,芬蘭語,匈牙利語,愛爾蘭語,德語,波蘭語,羅馬利亞語,塞爾維亞語,斯洛伐克語,斯洛文尼亞語,Sorbian語)

 

nls codepage 855 -- 斯拉夫語

 

nls codepage 857 -- 土耳其語

 

nls codepage 860 -- 葡萄牙語

 

nls codepage 861 -- 冰島語

 

nls codepage 862 -- 希伯來語

 

nls codepage 863 -- 加拿大語

 

nls codepage 864 -- 阿拉伯語

 

nls codepage 865 -- 日爾曼語系

 

nls codepage 866 -- 斯拉夫語/俄語

 

nls codepage 869 -- 希臘語(2)

 

nls codepage 874 -- 泰語

 

nls codepage 936 -- 簡體中文GBK

 

nls codepage 950 -- 繁體中文Big5

 

nls iso8859-1 -- 西歐語系(阿爾巴尼亞語,西班牙加泰羅尼亞語,丹麥語,荷蘭語,英語,Faeroese語,芬蘭語,法語,德語,加里西亞語,愛爾蘭語,冰島語,意大利語,挪威語,葡萄牙語,瑞士語.)這同時適用於美國英語.

 

nls iso8859-2 -- Latin 2 字符集,斯拉夫/中歐語系(捷克語,德語,匈牙利語,波蘭語,羅馬尼亞語,克羅地亞語,斯洛伐克語,斯洛文尼亞語)

 

nls iso8859-3 -- Latin 3 字符集, (世界語,加里西亞語,馬耳他語,土耳其語)

 

nls iso8859-4 -- Latin 4 字符集, (愛莎尼亞語,拉脫維亞語,立陶宛語),是Latin 6 字符集的前序標準

 

nls iso8859-5 -- 斯拉夫語系(保加利亞語,Byelorussian語,馬其頓語,俄語,塞爾維亞語,烏克蘭語) 一般推薦使用 KOI8-R codepage

 

nls iso8859-6 -- 阿拉伯語.

 

nls iso8859-7 -- 現代希臘語

 

nls iso8859-8 -- 希伯來語

 

nls iso8859-9 -- Latin 5 字符集, (去掉了 Latin 1中不經常使用的一些冰島語字符而代以土耳其語字符)

 

nls iso8859-10 -- Latin 6 字符集, (因紐特(格陵蘭)語,薩摩斯島語等Latin 4 中沒有包括的北歐語種)

 

nls iso8859-15 -- Latin 9 字符集, 是Latin 1字符集的更新版本,去掉一些不常用的字符,增加了對愛莎尼亞語的支持,修正了法語和芬蘭語部份,增加了歐元字符)

 

nls koi8-r -- 俄語的缺省支持

4. 簡體中文GBK/繁體中文Big5的Codepage

如何製作簡體中文GBK/繁體中文Big5的Codepage?

 

  1. Unicode 組織取得GBK/Big5的Unicode的定義.

    由於GBK是基於ISO 10646-1:1993標準的,而相應的日文是JIS X 0221-1995,韓文是KS C 5700-1995,他們被提交到Unicode標準的時間表爲:
    Unicode Version 1.0
    Unicode Version 1.1 <-> ISO 10646-1:1993, JIS X 0221-1995, GB 13000.1-93
    Unicode Version 2.0 <-> KS C 5700-1995

    從Windows 95開始均採用GBK編碼. 您需要的是 CP936.TXTBIG5.TXT

  2. 然後使用下面的程序就可以將其轉化爲Linux核心需要的Unicode<->GBK碼錶
    ./genmap BIG5.txt | perl uni2big5.pl
    ./genmap CP936.txt | perl uni2gbk.pl
  3. 再修改fat/vfat/ntfs的相關函數就可以完成對核心的修改工作. 具體使用時可以使用下面的命令:

 

簡體中文: mount -t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/1 -o codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 繁體中文: mount -t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/1 -o codepage=950,iocharset=cp936

有趣的是,由於GBK包含了全部的GB2312/Big5/JIS的內碼,所以使用936的Codepage也可以顯示Big5的文件名.

5. 附錄

 

 

製作codepage950支持的是臺灣的 cosmos先生, 主頁爲 http://www.cis.nctu.edu.tw:8080/~is84086/Project/kernel_cp950/

製作GBK的cp936支持的是TurboLinux的中文研發小組的 方漢陳向陽

 

 

#!/bin/sh
cat $1 | awk '{if(index($1,"#")==0)print $0}' | awk 'BEGIN{FS="0x"}{print $2 $3}' | awk '{if(length($1)==length($2))print $1,$2}'

 

 

 

 

#!/usr/bin/perl

@code = (
"00", "01", "02", "03", "04", "05", "06", "07",
"08", "09", "0A", "0B", "0C", "0D", "0E", "0F",
"10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17",
"18", "19", "1A", "1B", "1C", "1D", "1E", "1F",
"20", "21", "22", "23", "24", "25", "26", "27",
"28", "29", "2A", "2B", "2C", "2D", "2E", "2F",
"30", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37",
"38", "39", "3A", "3B", "3C", "3D", "3E", "3F",
"40", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "47",
"48", "49", "4A", "4B", "4C", "4D", "4E", "4F",
"50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "55", "56", "57",
"58", "59", "5A", "5B", "5C", "5D", "5E", "5F",
"60", "61", "62", "63", "64", "65", "66", "67",
"68", "69", "6A", "6B", "6C", "6D", "6E", "6F",
"70", "71", "72", "73", "74", "75", "76", "77",
"78", "79", "7A", "7B", "7C", "7D", "7E", "7F",
"80", "81", "82", "83", "84", "85", "86", "87",
"88", "89", "8A", "8B", "8C", "8D", "8E", "8F",
"90", "91", "92", "93", "94", "95", "96", "97",
"98", "99", "9A", "9B", "9C", "9D", "9E", "9F",
"A0", "A1", "A2", "A3", "A4", "A5", "A6", "A7",
"A8", "A9", "AA", "AB", "AC", "AD", "AE", "AF",
"B0", "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7",
"B8", "B9", "BA", "BB", "BC", "BD", "BE", "BF",
"C0", "C1", "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5", "C6", "C7",
"C8", "C9", "CA", "CB", "CC", "CD", "CE", "CF",
"D0", "D1", "D2", "D3", "D4", "D5", "D6", "D7",
"D8", "D9", "DA", "DB", "DC", "DD", "DE", "DF",
"E0", "E1", "E2", "E3", "E4", "E5", "E6", "E7",
"E8", "E9", "EA", "EB", "EC", "ED", "EE", "EF",
"F0", "F1", "F2", "F3", "F4", "F5", "F6", "F7",
"F8", "F9", "FA", "FB", "FC", "FD", "FE", "FF");

while (<STDIN>){
($unicode, $big5) = split;
($high, $low) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
$table2{$high}{$low} = $big5;
($high, $low) = $big5 =~ /(..)(..)/;
$table{$high}{$low} = $unicode;
}

print <<EOF;
/*
* linux/fs/nls_cp874.c
*
* Charset cp874 translation tables.
* Generated automatically from the Unicode and charset
* tables from the Unicode Organization (www.unicode.org).
* The Unicode to charset table has only exact mappings.
*/

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/nls.h>

/* A1 - F9*/
static struct nls_unicode charset2uni[(0xF9-0xA1+1)*(0x100-0x60)] = {
EOF

for ($high=0xA1; $high <= 0xF9; $high++){
for ($low=0x40; $low <= 0x7F; $low++){
$unicode = $table2{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$unicode = "0000" if (!(defined $unicode));
print "/n/t" if ($low%4 == 0);
print "/* $code[$high]$code[$low]*//n/t" if ($low%0x10 == 0);
($uhigh, $ulow) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("{0x%2s, 0x%2s}, ", $ulow, $uhigh);
}
for ($low=0xA0; $low <= 0xFF; $low++){
$unicode = $table2{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$unicode = "0000" if (!(defined $unicode));
print "/n/t" if ($low%4 == 0);
print "/* $code[$high]$code[$low]*//n/t" if ($low%0x10 == 0);
($uhigh, $ulow) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("{0x%2s, 0x%2s}, ", $ulow, $uhigh);
}
}

print "/n};/n/n";
for ($high=1; $high <= 255;$high++){
if (defined $table{$code[$high]}){
print "static unsigned char page$code[$high]/[512/] = {/n/t";
for ($low=0; $low<=255;$low++){
$big5 = $table{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$big5 = "3F3F" if (!(defined $big5));
if ($low > 0 && $low%4 == 0){
printf("/* 0x%02X-0x%02X *//n/t", $low-4, $low-1);
}
print "/n/t" if ($low == 0x80);
($bhigh, $blow) = $big5 =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("0x%2s, 0x%2s, ", $bhigh, $blow);
}
print "/* 0xFC-0xFF *//n};/n/n";
}
}

print "static unsigned char *page_uni2charset[256] = {";
for ($high=0; $high<=255;$high++){
print "/n/t" if ($high%8 == 0);
if ($high>0 && defined $table{$code[$high]}){
print "page$code[$high], ";
}
else{
print "NULL, ";
}
}
print <<EOF;

};

static unsigned char charset2upper[256] = {
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, /* 0x00-0x07 */
0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, /* 0x08-0x0f */
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, /* 0x10-0x17 */
0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1e, 0x1f, /* 0x18-0x1f */
0x20, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x25, 0x26, 0x27, /* 0x20-0x27 */
0x28, 0x29, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x2f, /* 0x28-0x2f */
0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, /* 0x30-0x37 */
0x38, 0x39, 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x3c, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x3f, /* 0x38-0x3f */
0x40, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, /* 0x40-0x47 */
0x48, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x4b, 0x4c, 0x4d, 0x4e, 0x4f, /* 0x48-0x4f */
0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, /* 0x50-0x57 */
0x58, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5e, 0x5f, /* 0x58-0x5f */
0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x60-0x67 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x68-0x6f */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x70-0x77 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7b, 0x7c, 0x7d, 0x7e, 0x7f, /* 0x78-0x7f */
0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, /* 0x80-0x87 */
0x88, 0x89, 0x8a, 0x8b, 0x8c, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0x8f, /* 0x88-0x8f */
0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, /* 0x90-0x97 */
0x98, 0x99, 0x9a, 0x00, 0x9c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x98-0x9f */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xa4, 0xa5, 0xa6, 0xa7, /* 0xa0-0xa7 */
0xa8, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0xab, 0xac, 0xad, 0xae, 0xaf, /* 0xa8-0xaf */
0xb0, 0xb1, 0xb2, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0xb5, 0xb6, 0xb7, /* 0xb0-0xb7 */
0xb8, 0xb9, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xbc, 0xbd, 0xbe, 0xbf, /* 0xb8-0xbf */
0xc0, 0xc1, 0xc2, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc7, /* 0xc0-0xc7 */
0xc8, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xcb, 0xcc, 0xcd, 0xce, 0xcf, /* 0xc8-0xcf */
0xd0, 0xd1, 0xd2, 0xd3, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0xd0-0xd7 */
0x00, 0xd9, 0xda, 0xdb, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x00, 0xdf, /* 0xd8-0xdf */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0xe0-0xe7 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xef, /* 0xe8-0xef */
0xf0, 0xf1, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf5, 0x00, 0xf7, /* 0xf0-0xf7 */
0xf8, 0xf9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xff, /* 0xf8-0xff */
};


static void inc_use_count(void)
{
MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
}

static void dec_use_count(void)
{
MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
}

static struct nls_table table = {
"cp950",
page_uni2charset,
charset2uni,
inc_use_count,
dec_use_count,
NULL
};

int init_nls_cp950(void)
{
return register_nls();
}

#ifdef MODULE
int init_module(void)
{
return init_nls_cp950();
}


void cleanup_module(void)
{
unregister_nls();
return;
}
#endif

/*
* Overrides for Emacs so that we follow Linus's tabbing style.
* Emacs will notice this stuff at the end of the file and automatically
* adjust the settings for this buffer only. This must remain at the end
* of the file.
*
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Local variables:
* c-indent-level: 8
* c-brace-imaginary-offset: 0
* c-brace-offset: -8
* c-argdecl-indent: 8
* c-label-offset: -8
* c-continued-statement-offset: 8
* c-continued-brace-offset: 0
* End:
*/
EOF

 

 

 

#!/usr/bin/perl

@code = (
"00", "01", "02", "03", "04", "05", "06", "07",
"08", "09", "0A", "0B", "0C", "0D", "0E", "0F",
"10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17",
"18", "19", "1A", "1B", "1C", "1D", "1E", "1F",
"20", "21", "22", "23", "24", "25", "26", "27",
"28", "29", "2A", "2B", "2C", "2D", "2E", "2F",
"30", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37",
"38", "39", "3A", "3B", "3C", "3D", "3E", "3F",
"40", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "47",
"48", "49", "4A", "4B", "4C", "4D", "4E", "4F",
"50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "55", "56", "57",
"58", "59", "5A", "5B", "5C", "5D", "5E", "5F",
"60", "61", "62", "63", "64", "65", "66", "67",
"68", "69", "6A", "6B", "6C", "6D", "6E", "6F",
"70", "71", "72", "73", "74", "75", "76", "77",
"78", "79", "7A", "7B", "7C", "7D", "7E", "7F",
"80", "81", "82", "83", "84", "85", "86", "87",
"88", "89", "8A", "8B", "8C", "8D", "8E", "8F",
"90", "91", "92", "93", "94", "95", "96", "97",
"98", "99", "9A", "9B", "9C", "9D", "9E", "9F",
"A0", "A1", "A2", "A3", "A4", "A5", "A6", "A7",
"A8", "A9", "AA", "AB", "AC", "AD", "AE", "AF",
"B0", "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7",
"B8", "B9", "BA", "BB", "BC", "BD", "BE", "BF",
"C0", "C1", "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5", "C6", "C7",
"C8", "C9", "CA", "CB", "CC", "CD", "CE", "CF",
"D0", "D1", "D2", "D3", "D4", "D5", "D6", "D7",
"D8", "D9", "DA", "DB", "DC", "DD", "DE", "DF",
"E0", "E1", "E2", "E3", "E4", "E5", "E6", "E7",
"E8", "E9", "EA", "EB", "EC", "ED", "EE", "EF",
"F0", "F1", "F2", "F3", "F4", "F5", "F6", "F7",
"F8", "F9", "FA", "FB", "FC", "FD", "FE", "FF");

while (<STDIN>){
($unicode, $big5) = split;
($high, $low) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
$table2{$high}{$low} = $big5;
($high, $low) = $big5 =~ /(..)(..)/;
$table{$high}{$low} = $unicode;
}

print <<EOF;
/*
* linux/fs/nls_cp936.c
*
* Charset cp936 translation tables.
* Generated automatically from the Unicode and charset
* tables from the Unicode Organization (www.unicode.org).
* The Unicode to charset table has only exact mappings.
*/

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/nls.h>

/* 81 - FE*/
static struct nls_unicode charset2uni[(0xFE-0x81+1)*(0x100-0x40)] = {
EOF

for ($high=0x81; $high <= 0xFE; $high++){
for ($low=0x40; $low <= 0x7F; $low++){
$unicode = $table2{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$unicode = "0000" if (!(defined $unicode));
print "/n/t" if ($low%4 == 0);
print "/* $code[$high]$code[$low]*//n/t" if ($low%0x10 == 0);
($uhigh, $ulow) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("{0x%2s, 0x%2s}, ", $ulow, $uhigh);
}
for ($low=0x80; $low <= 0xFF; $low++){
$unicode = $table2{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$unicode = "0000" if (!(defined $unicode));
print "/n/t" if ($low%4 == 0);
print "/* $code[$high]$code[$low]*//n/t" if ($low%0x10 == 0);
($uhigh, $ulow) = $unicode =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("{0x%2s, 0x%2s}, ", $ulow, $uhigh);
}
}

print "/n};/n/n";
for ($high=1; $high <= 255;$high++){
if (defined $table{$code[$high]}){
print "static unsigned char page$code[$high]/[512/] = {/n/t";
for ($low=0; $low<=255;$low++){
$big5 = $table{$code[$high]}{$code[$low]};
$big5 = "3F3F" if (!(defined $big5));
if ($low > 0 && $low%4 == 0){
printf("/* 0x%02X-0x%02X *//n/t", $low-4, $low-1);
}
print "/n/t" if ($low == 0x80);
($bhigh, $blow) = $big5 =~ /(..)(..)/;
printf("0x%2s, 0x%2s, ", $bhigh, $blow);
}
print "/* 0xFC-0xFF *//n};/n/n";
}
}

print "static unsigned char *page_uni2charset[256] = {";
for ($high=0; $high<=255;$high++){
print "/n/t" if ($high%8 == 0);
if ($high>0 && defined $table{$code[$high]}){
print "page$code[$high], ";
}
else{
print "NULL, ";
}
}
print <<EOF;

};

static unsigned char charset2upper[256] = {
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, /* 0x00-0x07 */
0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, /* 0x08-0x0f */
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, /* 0x10-0x17 */
0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1e, 0x1f, /* 0x18-0x1f */
0x20, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x25, 0x26, 0x27, /* 0x20-0x27 */
0x28, 0x29, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x2f, /* 0x28-0x2f */
0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, /* 0x30-0x37 */
0x38, 0x39, 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x3c, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x3f, /* 0x38-0x3f */
0x40, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, /* 0x40-0x47 */
0x48, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x4b, 0x4c, 0x4d, 0x4e, 0x4f, /* 0x48-0x4f */
0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, /* 0x50-0x57 */
0x58, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5e, 0x5f, /* 0x58-0x5f */
0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x60-0x67 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x68-0x6f */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x70-0x77 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7b, 0x7c, 0x7d, 0x7e, 0x7f, /* 0x78-0x7f */
0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, /* 0x80-0x87 */
0x88, 0x89, 0x8a, 0x8b, 0x8c, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0x8f, /* 0x88-0x8f */
0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, /* 0x90-0x97 */
0x98, 0x99, 0x9a, 0x00, 0x9c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0x98-0x9f */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xa4, 0xa5, 0xa6, 0xa7, /* 0xa0-0xa7 */
0xa8, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0xab, 0xac, 0xad, 0xae, 0xaf, /* 0xa8-0xaf */
0xb0, 0xb1, 0xb2, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0xb5, 0xb6, 0xb7, /* 0xb0-0xb7 */
0xb8, 0xb9, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xbc, 0xbd, 0xbe, 0xbf, /* 0xb8-0xbf */
0xc0, 0xc1, 0xc2, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc7, /* 0xc0-0xc7 */
0xc8, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xcb, 0xcc, 0xcd, 0xce, 0xcf, /* 0xc8-0xcf */
0xd0, 0xd1, 0xd2, 0xd3, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0xd0-0xd7 */
0x00, 0xd9, 0xda, 0xdb, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x00, 0xdf, /* 0xd8-0xdf */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0xe0-0xe7 */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xef, /* 0xe8-0xef */
0xf0, 0xf1, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf5, 0x00, 0xf7, /* 0xf0-0xf7 */
0xf8, 0xf9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xff, /* 0xf8-0xff */
};


static void inc_use_count(void)
{
MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
}

static void dec_use_count(void)
{
MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
}

static struct nls_table table = {
"cp936",
page_uni2charset,
charset2uni,
inc_use_count,
dec_use_count,
NULL
};

int init_nls_cp936(void)
{
return register_nls();
}

#ifdef MODULE
int init_module(void)
{
return init_nls_cp936();
}


void cleanup_module(void)
{
unregister_nls();
return;
}
#endif

/*
* Overrides for Emacs so that we follow Linus's tabbing style.
* Emacs will notice this stuff at the end of the file and automatically
* adjust the settings for this buffer only. This must remain at the end
* of the file.
*
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Local variables:
* c-indent-level: 8
* c-brace-imaginary-offset: 0
* c-brace-offset: -8
* c-argdecl-indent: 8
* c-label-offset: -8
* c-continued-statement-offset: 8
* c-continued-brace-offset: 0
* End:
*/
EOF

 

 

 

 

/*
* CPI.C: A program to examine MSDOS codepage files (*.cpi)
* and extract specific codepages.
* Compiles under Linux & DOS (using BC++ 3.1).
*
* Compile: gcc -o cpi cpi.c
* Call: codepage file.cpi [-a|-l|nnn]
*
* Author: Ahmed M. Naas ([email protected])
* Many changes: [email protected] [changed until it would handle all
* *.cpi files people have sent me; I have no documentation,
* so all this is experimental]
* Remains to do: DRDOS fonts.
*
* Copyright: Public domain.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int handle_codepage(int);
void handle_fontfile(void);

#define PACKED __attribute__ ((packed))
/* Use this (instead of the above) to compile under MSDOS */
/*#define PACKED */

struct {
unsigned char id[8] PACKED;
unsigned char res[8] PACKED;
unsigned short num_pointers PACKED;
unsigned char p_type PACKED;
unsigned long offset PACKED;
} FontFileHeader;

struct {
unsigned short num_codepages PACKED;
} FontInfoHeader;

struct {
unsigned short size PACKED;
unsigned long off_nexthdr PACKED;
unsigned short device_type PACKED; /* screen=1; printer=2 */
unsigned char device_name[8] PACKED;
unsigned short codepage PACKED;
unsigned char res[6] PACKED;
unsigned long off_font PACKED;
} CPEntryHeader;

struct {
unsigned short reserved PACKED;
unsigned short num_fonts PACKED;
unsigned short size PACKED;
} CPInfoHeader;

struct {
unsigned char height PACKED;
unsigned char width PACKED;
unsigned short reserved PACKED;
unsigned short num_chard PACKED;
} ScreenFontHeader;

struct {
unsigned short p1 PACKED;
unsigned short p2 PACKED;
} PrinterFontHeader;

FILE *in, *out;
void usage(void);

int opta, optc, optl, optL, optx;
extern int optind;
extern char *optarg;

unsigned short codepage;

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
if (argc < 2)
usage();

if ((in = fopen(argv[1], "r")) == NULL) {
printf("/nUnable to open file %s./n", argv[1]);
exit(0);
}

opta = optc = optl = optL = optx = 0;
optind = 2;
if (argc == 2)
optl = 1;
else
while(1) {
switch(getopt(argc, argv, "alLc")) {
case 'a':
opta = 1;
continue;
case 'c':
optc = 1;
continue;
case 'L':
optL = 1;
continue;
case 'l':
optl = 1;
continue;
case '?':
default:
usage();
case -1:
break;
}
break;
}
if (optind != argc) {
if (optind != argc-1 || opta)
usage();
codepage = atoi(argv[optind]);
optx = 1;
}

if (optc)
handle_codepage(0);
else
handle_fontfile();

if (optx) {
printf("no page %d found/n", codepage);
exit(1);
}

fclose(in);
return (0);
}

void
handle_fontfile(){
int i, j;

j = fread(, 1, sizeof(FontFileHeader), in);
if (j != sizeof(FontFileHeader)) {
printf("error reading FontFileHeader - got %d chars/n", j);
exit (1);
}
if (!strcmp(FontFileHeader.id + 1, "DRFONT ")) {
printf("this program cannot handle DRDOS font files/n");
exit(1);
}
if (optL)
printf("FontFileHeader: id=%8.8s res=%8.8s num=%d typ=%c offset=%ld/n/n",
FontFileHeader.id, FontFileHeader.res,
FontFileHeader.num_pointers,
FontFileHeader.p_type,
FontFileHeader.offset);

j = fread(, 1, sizeof(FontInfoHeader), in);
if (j != sizeof(FontInfoHeader)) {
printf("error reading FontInfoHeader - got %d chars/n", j);
exit (1);
}
if (optL)
printf("FontInfoHeader: num_codepages=%d/n/n",
FontInfoHeader.num_codepages);

for (i = FontInfoHeader.num_codepages; i; i--)
if (handle_codepage(i-1))
break;
}

int
handle_codepage(int more_to_come) {
int j;
char outfile[20];
unsigned char *fonts;
long inpos, nexthdr;

j = fread(, 1, sizeof(CPEntryHeader), in);
if (j != sizeof(CPEntryHeader)) {
printf("error reading CPEntryHeader - got %d chars/n", j);
exit(1);
}
if (optL) {
int t = CPEntryHeader.device_type;
printf("CPEntryHeader: size=%d dev=%d [%s] name=%8.8s /
codepage=%d/n/t/tres=%6.6s nxt=%ld off_font=%ld/n/n",
CPEntryHeader.size,
t, (t==1) ? "screen" : (t==2) ? "printer" : "?",
CPEntryHeader.device_name,
CPEntryHeader.codepage,
CPEntryHeader.res,
CPEntryHeader.off_nexthdr, CPEntryHeader.off_font);
} else if (optl) {
printf("/nCodepage = %d/n", CPEntryHeader.codepage);
printf("Device = %.8s/n", CPEntryHeader.device_name);
}
#if 0
if (CPEntryHeader.size != sizeof(CPEntryHeader)) {
/* seen 26 and 28, so that the difference below is -2 or 0 */
if (optl)
printf("Skipping %d bytes of garbage/n",
CPEntryHeader.size - sizeof(CPEntryHeader));
fseek(in, CPEntryHeader.size - sizeof(CPEntryHeader),
SEEK_CUR);
}
#endif
if (!opta && (!optx || CPEntryHeader.codepage != codepage) && !optc)
goto next;

inpos = ftell(in);
if (inpos != CPEntryHeader.off_font && !optc) {
if (optL)
printf("pos=%ld font at %ld/n", inpos, CPEntryHeader.off_font);
fseek(in, CPEntryHeader.off_font, SEEK_SET);
}

j = fread(, 1, sizeof(CPInfoHeader), in);
if (j != sizeof(CPInfoHeader)) {
printf("error reading CPInfoHeader - got %d chars/n", j);
exit(1);
}
if (optl) {
printf("Number of Fonts = %d/n", CPInfoHeader.num_fonts);
printf("Size of Bitmap = %d/n", CPInfoHeader.size);
}
if (CPInfoHeader.num_fonts == 0)
goto next;
if (optc)
return 0;

sprintf(outfile, "%d.cp", CPEntryHeader.codepage);
if ((out = fopen(outfile, "w")) == NULL) {
printf("/nUnable to open file %s./n", outfile);
exit(1);
} else printf("/nWriting %s/n", outfile);

fonts = (unsigned char *) malloc(CPInfoHeader.size);

fread(fonts, CPInfoHeader.size, 1, in);
fwrite(, sizeof(CPEntryHeader), 1, out);
fwrite(, sizeof(CPInfoHeader), 1, out);
j = fwrite(fonts, 1, CPInfoHeader.size, out);
if (j != CPInfoHeader.size) {
printf("error writing %s - wrote %d chars/n", outfile, j);
exit(1);
}
fclose(out);
free(fonts);
if (optx) exit(0);
next:
/*
* It seems that if entry headers and fonts are interspersed,
* then nexthdr will point past the font, regardless of
* whether more entries follow.
* Otherwise, first all entry headers are given, and then
* all fonts; in this case nexthdr will be 0 in the last entry.
*/
nexthdr = CPEntryHeader.off_nexthdr;
if (nexthdr == 0 || nexthdr == -1) {
if (more_to_come) {
printf("mode codepages expected, but nexthdr=%ld/n",
nexthdr);
exit(1);
} else
return 1;
}

inpos = ftell(in);
if (inpos != CPEntryHeader.off_nexthdr) {
if (optL)
printf("pos=%ld nexthdr at %ld/n", inpos, nexthdr);
if (opta && !more_to_come) {
printf("no more code pages, but nexthdr != 0/n");
return 1;
}

fseek(in, CPEntryHeader.off_nexthdr, SEEK_SET);
}

return 0;
}

void usage(void)
{
printf("/nUsage: cpi code_page_file [-c] [-L] [-l] [-a|nnn]/n");
printf(" -c: input file is a single codepage/n");
printf(" -L: print header info (you don't want to see this)/n");
printf(" -l or no option: list all codepages contained in the file/n");
printf(" -a: extract all codepages from the file/n");
printf(" nnn (3 digits): extract codepage nnn from the file/n");
printf("Example: cpi ega.cpi 850 /n");
printf(" will create a file 850.cp containing the requested codepage./n/n");
exit(1);
}
 
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