基於註解的Spring MVC + freemarker環境搭建

SpringMvc+freemarker確實是MVC不錯的實現。廢話不多說了，下面是自己利用eclipse搭建的一個簡單的springMVC+freemarker

1  首先用IDE建一個web工程。(這個就不詳細介紹了)

2  引入響應的jar包

3  一切web工程的配置都從web.xml開始，現在就看下web.xml都要配置啥

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee ;http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    version="3.0">
    <!--  Spring 服務層的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--  Spring 容器啓動監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!--爲DispatcherServlet建立映射 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4 SpringMVC另外一個重要的配置文件。
DispatcherServlet會根絕web.xml中配置的<servlet-name>去找<servlet-name>-servlet.xml的文件來加載spring的一些配置信息。我這裏就應該取名叫springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

    <!--對web包中的所有類進行掃描，以完成Bean創建和自動依賴注入的功能 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.liba.spring.mvc"/>

    <!-- 啓動Spring MVC的註解功能，完成請求和註解POJO的映射   請求映射-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

        <!--以下三種視圖配置根據需要任選一種即可 -->

    <!--  一般的視圖配置 -->
    <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
        p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>-->

    <!-- 針對freemarker的視圖配置 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="cache" value="true" />
        <property name="prefix" value="" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>
        <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request" />
        <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />
        <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />
        <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />
    </bean>


    <!-- View resolvers can also be configured with ResourceBundles or XML files.
        If you need different view resolving based on Locale, you have to use the
        resource bundle resolver. -->
    <!-- 這個是針對返回視圖還是json值的視圖配置   來分別處理同步和異步請求 -->
    <!--<bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
            <property name="mediaTypes">
                <map>
                    <entry key="html" value="text/html" />
                    <entry key="json" value="application/json" />
                </map>
            </property>
            <property name="favorParameter" value="true" />
            <property name="viewResolvers">
                <list>
                    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver" />
                    <bean id="viewResolver"
                        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
                        <property name="cache" value="true" />
                        <property name="prefix" value="" />
                        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
                        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>
                        <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request" />
                        <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />
                        <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />
                        <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />
                    </bean>
                </list>
            </property>
            <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html" />
        </bean>
        -->
</beans>

如果是使用freemarker最爲視圖模板需要再spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml中加入以下配置

<bean id="freemarkerConfig"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="freemarkerSettings">
            <props>
                <prop key="template_update_delay">0</prop>
                <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
                <prop key="number_format">0.##########</prop>
                <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
                <prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>
                <prop key="template_exception_handler">ignore</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

5  Controller建立

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class SpringMvcController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/welcome",method={RequestMethod.GET})
    public ModelAndView getFirstPage(HttpServletRequest request) {
                //welcom就是視圖的名稱（welcom.ftl）
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("welcom");
        mv.addObject("name", "My First Spring Mvc");
        return mv;
    }
}

在url上敲http://localhost:8080/welcome就會到WEB-INF/view/welcom.ftl頁面渲染數據

welcom.ftl頁面：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello ${name}
</body>
</html>

頁面出來的效果：

Hello My First Spring Mvc