參考文獻：
入門首先：http://www.hahack.com/codes/cmake/#
官方教程：https://cmake.org/cmake-tutorial/
官方教程譯文：https://juejin.im/post/5a72775d6fb9a01cac187e96
簡單操作語法：https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/cmake/
官方cmake、ctest、cpack介紹：https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.11/
源碼例程：https://gitee.com/qccz123456/learn_cmake，通過git log可查看具體每一步的步驟。
書籍：http://sewm.pku.edu.cn/src/paradise/reference/CMake%20Practice.pdf
/*
step1:
cmake -DUSE_MYSQRT=ON -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/eagle/Desktop/cmake_learn/build/output ..
step2:
make
step3:
make test
step4:
make install
step5:
cpack -C xxxx
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:./build/output/lib
*/
/*
LearnCmake
|__CMakeLists.txt
|__LearnCmake_config.h.in
|__main.cpp
|__License.txt
|__README
|__feature
|__CMakeLists.txt
|__mysqrt.h
|__mysqrt.cpp
*/
[LearnCmake/CMakeLists.txt]
/*
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
project (LearnCmake)
# the version number, like define, 三者的名稱相同
set (LearnCmake_VERSION_MAJOR 1)
set (PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR 0)
set (CMAKE_VERSION_PATCH 0)
# Set the output folder where your program will be created
set (CMAKE_BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
set (EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
set (LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
# Debug/Release settings
set (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")
set (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O0 -Wall -g -ggdb")
set (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O3 -Wall")
message (STATUS "src dir = ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}")
message (STATUS "bin dir = ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
#message (WARNING "This is Warning") # continue processing
#message (SEND_ERROR "This is error") # continue processing, but skip generation
#message (FATAL_ERROR "This is fatal") # stop processing and generation
# open make log
#set (CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE ON)
# check system environment
include (CheckFunctionExists)
check_function_exists (pow HAVE_POW)
check_function_exists (log HAVE_LOG)
check_function_exists (exp HAVE_EXP)
# configure a header file to pass CMake settings to source code
# compile config.h.in to config.h
configure_file (
"${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/LearnCmake_config.h.in"
"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/LearnCmake_config.h"
)
# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
# so that we will find LearnCmake_config.h, like gcc -I
include_directories ("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
# set if USE_MYSQRT is defined in LearnCmake_config.h
# LearnCmake_config.h.in must use "#cmakedefine"
# ON/OFF value is related to cmake cache, is not initial value
# if define, must use "cmake -DUSE_MYSQRT=ON"
option (USE_MYSQRT "use mysqrt library" ON)
if (USE_MYSQRT)
# compile other source code files to libraries
include_directories ("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/feature")
add_subdirectory ("feature") # 執行feature目錄下的CMakeLists.txt
set (EXTRA_LIBS ${EXTRA_LIBS} MySqrt)
endif (USE_MYSQRT)
# add the executable to run "./LearnCmake"
add_executable (LearnCmake main.cpp)
# add the executable, like gcc -L
target_link_libraries (LearnCmake ${EXTRA_LIBS})
# add install
install (TARGETS LearnCmake DESTINATION bin)
install (FILES ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/LearnCmake_config.h DESTINATION include)
# add simple test
include (CTest)
add_test (LearnCmake LearnCmake)
add_test (LearnCmake2 LearnCmake)
set_tests_properties (LearnCmake2 PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "4")
# add macro test
macro (do_test arg result)
add_test (test${arg} LearnCmake ${arg})
set_tests_properties (test${arg} PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result})
endmacro (do_test)
# do a bunch of result based tests
do_test (0 "4")
do_test (2 "4")
# add cpack to pack binary/source code
include (InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
set (CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/License.txt")
set (CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR "${LearnCmake_VERSION_MAJOR}")
set (CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR "${LearnCmake_VERSION_MINOR}")
set (CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH "${LearnCmake_VERSION_PATCH}")
include (CPack)
# pack binary package: cpack -C CPackConfig.cmake
# pack source package: cpack -C CPackSourceConfig.cmake
*/
[LearnCmake_config.h.in]
/*
//the configured options and settings for LearnCmake and direct copy
#define LearnCmake_VERSION_MAJOR @LearnCmake_VERSION_MAJOR@
#define LearnCmake_VERSION_MINOR @LearnCmake_VERSION_MINOR@
//cmake`s option to compile
#cmakedefine USE_MYSQRT
#cmakedefine HAVE_POW
*/
[main.cpp]
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include "LearnCmake_config.h"
#ifdef USE_MYSQRT
#include "mysqrt.h"
#endif
int main(void)
{
std::cout << "learn cmake" << std::endl;
std::cout << LearnCmake_VERSION_MAJOR << "." << LearnCmake_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
#ifdef USE_MYSQRT
std::cout << mysqrt(2) << std::endl;
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_POW
std::cout << pow(3, 2) << std::endl;
#endif
return 0;
}
[LearnCmake/feature/CMakeLists.txt]
/*
#add_library (MySqrt mysqrt.cpp) # It is equal to the following :
# aux_source_directory find all src files of current directory
aux_source_directory (. SRCS_LIB_DIR)
add_library (MySqrt SHARED ${SRCS_LIB_DIR})
add_library (MySqrt_static STATIC ${SRCS_LIB_DIR})
# add install : export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:./build/output/lib
install (TARGETS MySqrt DESTINATION lib)
install (TARGETS MySqrt_static DESTINATION lib)
install (FILES mysqrt.h DESTINATION include)
*/
[mysqrt.h]
#ifndef __MYSQRT__
#define __MYSQRT__
int mysqrt(int num);
#endif
[mysqrt.cpp]
#include "mysqrt.h"
int mysqrt(int num)
{
return num * num;
}
採用VS的NuGet下載依賴包，該部分只進行packages.config文件拷貝和鏈接需要這些包的文件依賴關係：
# use NuGet to manage 3-rd party libs for VS project
configure_file(packages.config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} COPYONLY)
function(GET_TARGET id version targets)
set(${targets} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/packages/${id}.${version}/build/native/${id}.targets PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()
# make sure the version number should align with packages.config
GET_TARGET(boost 1.64.0.0 BOOST)
GET_TARGET(boost_program_options-vc140 1.64.0.0 BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS)
GET_TARGET(boost_filesystem-vc140 1.64.0.0 BOOST_FILE_SYSTEM)
GET_TARGET(boost_system-vc140 1.64.0.0 BOOST_SYSTEM)
set(Boost_LIBRARIES ${BOOST} ${BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS} ${BOOST_FILE_SYSTEM} ${BOOST_SYSTEM})
list命令，REMOVE_ITEM從列表中刪除某個元素：
aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST)
if(NOT USE_MYX)
list(REMOVE_ITEM SRC_LIST ./MXDevice.cpp)
endif()
configure_file與file命令的區別：
You may consider using configure_file with the COPYONLY option:
configure_file(<input> <output> COPYONLY)
Unlike file(COPY ...) it creates a file-level dependency between input and output, that is:
If the input file is modified the build system will re-run CMake to re-configure the file and generate the build system again.
find_package命令：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/46e9b8a6cb6a
include_directories(/home/wjg/projects/caffe/build/install/include)
add_executable(useSSD ssd_detect.cpp)
target_link_libraries(useSSD /home/wjg/projects/caffe/build/install/lib/libcaffe.so)
若以上依賴的庫很多，逐個添加就很麻煩，可以使用find_package( )簡化操作：
set(Caffe_DIR /home/lcq/projects/caffe/build) # 添加CaffeConfig.cmake的搜索路徑
find_package(Caffe REQUIRED)
if (NOT Caffe_FOUND)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Caffe Not Found!")
endif (NOT Caffe_FOUND)
include_directories(${Caffe_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(useSSD ssd_detect.cpp)
target_link_libraries(useSSD ${Caffe_LIBRARIES})
以下兩方法相同：
# method 1
include_directories("./include")
link_directories("./lib")
target_link_libraries(hello libeng.so)
target_link_libraries(hello eng)
target_link_libraries(hello -leng)
# method 2
include_directories("./include")
link_libraries("./lib/libeng.so")
原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/qccz123456/article/details/80639817