多態

• 多態

  ---

  '''
   多態： 多種形態
   在類的方法中，參數是一個父類的統稱，可以接收該父類下的所有子類型。
   在方法中使用isinstance(對象，類別)進行類別的判斷
  
   isinstance(對象，類別)函數的返回值是：bool
  
  '''
  
  
  class PetShop:
      def __init__(self, name):
          self.name = name
          self.pets = set()
  
      def add_pet(self, pet):  # pet=phone  pet=cat  pet=dog  pet=rabit
          # 使用isinstance判斷類型
          if isinstance(pet, Pet):
              self.pets.add(pet)
              print('添加成功！')
          else:
              print('不是寵物，不收！')
  
      def sale_pet(self, pet):
          pass
  
      def show_pet(self):
          for pet in self.pets:
              print(pet)
  
  
  # 將共同的特徵提取到父類中
  class Pet:
      def __init__(self, id, nickname, color):
          self.id = id
          self.nickname = nickname
          self.color = color
  
      def __str__(self):
          return self.nickname
  
  
  class Dog(Pet):
      type = '狗'
  
      def see_house(self):
          print('小狗的特長就是看家....')
  
  
  class Cat(Pet):
      type = '貓'
  
      def catch_mouse(self):
          print('小貓的特長就是抓大老鼠....')
  
  
  class Phone:
      def __init__(self, brand, price):
          self.brand = brand
          self.price = price
  
      def __str__(self):
          return self.brand
  
  
  shop = PetShop('愛寵寵物商店')
  
  phone = Phone('華爲', 3999)
  shop.add_pet(phone)
  
  dog1 = Dog(1, '大黃', '黃色')
  shop.add_pet(dog1)
  
  cat1 = Cat(2, '花花', '灰色')
  shop.add_pet(cat1)
  #
  # phone1 = Phone('oppo', 1999)
  # shop.add_pet(phone1)
  
  # 遍歷打印所有的寵物
  shop.show_pet()