13 网络编程案例——基于TCP的在线聊天程序（2）

在线聊天程序设计的步骤

1、在线聊天程序的服务器端

## python 在线聊天服务器端
import tkinter
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import socket
import threading
import time, sys


# In[2]:


class ServerUI():
    local = '127.0.0.1'
    port = 5505
    global serverSock
    flag = False
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.root = tkinter.Tk()
        self.root.title('Python在线聊天-服务器端V1.0')
        
        # 窗口面板，用4个frame面板布局
        self.frame = [tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame()]
        
        # 显示消息Text，并绑定上面的滚动条
        self.chatTextScollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(self.frame[0])
        self.chatTextScollBar.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill = tkinter.Y)
        
        # 显示消息Text，并绑定上面的滚动条
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Fixdsys', size=11)
        
        self.chatText = tkinter.Listbox(self.frame[0], width = 70, height = 18, font = ft)
        self.chatText['yscrollcommand'] = self.chatTextScollBar.set
        self.chatText.pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        self.chatTextScollBar['command'] = self.chatText.yview()
        self.frame[0].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # 标签，分开消息显示Text和消息输入Text
        label = tkinter.Label(self.frame[1], height = 2)
        label.pack(fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        self.frame[1].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # 输入消息Text的滚动条
        self.inputTextScrollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(self.frame[2])
        self.inputTextScrollBar.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill = tkinter.Y)
        
        # 输入消息Text，并与滚动条绑定
        ft = tkFont.Font(family = 'Fixdsys', size = 11)
        self.inputText = tkinter.Text(self.frame[2], width = 70, height = 8, font = ft)
        
        # 输入消息Text，并与滚动条绑定
        ft = tkFont.Font(family = 'Fixdsys', size = 11)
        self.inputText = tkinter.Text(self.frame[2], width = 70, height = 8, font = ft)
        self.inputText['yscrollcommand'] = self.inputTextScrollBar.set
        self.inputText.pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        self.inputTextScrollBar['command'] = self.chatText.yview()
        self.frame[2].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # “发送” 按钮
        self.sendButton = tkinter.Button(self.frame[3], text = '发送', width = 10, command = self.sendMessage)
        self.sendButton.pack(expand=1, side = tkinter.BOTTOM and tkinter.RIGHT, padx = 25, pady = 5)
        
        # “关闭”按钮
        self.closeButton = tkinter.Button(self.frame[3], text = '关闭', width = 10, command = self.close)
        self.closeButton.pack(expand=1, side=tkinter.RIGHT, padx = 25, pady = 5)
        self.frame[3].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
    # 接收消息
    def receiveMessage(self):
        # 建立socket连接
        self.serverSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.serverSock.bind((self.local, self.port))
        self.serverSock.listen(15)
        self.buffer = 1024
        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '服务器已经就绪......')
        # 循环接受客户端的连接请求
        while True:
            self.connection, self.address = self.serverSock.accept()
            self.flag = True
            while True:
                # 接受客户端发送的消息
                self.cienMsg = self.connection.recv(self.buffer).decode('utf-8')
                if not self.cienMsg:
                    continue
                elif self.cienMsg == 'Y':
                    self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '服务器端已经与客户端建立连接......')
                    self.connection.send(b'Y')
                elif self.cienMsg == 'N':
                    self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '服务器端与客户端建立连接失败......')
                    self.connection.send(b'N')
                else:
                    theTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
                    self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '客户端' + theTime + ' 说：\n')
                    self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, ' ' + self.cienMsg)
            


    # 发送消息
    def sendMessage(self):
        # 得到用户在Text中输入的消息
        message = self.inputText.get('1.0', tkinter.END)
        
        # 格式化当前的时间
        theTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '服务器 ' + theTime + '说：\n')
        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, ' ' + message + '\n')
        if self.flag == True:
            # 将消息发送到客户端
            self.connection.send(message.encode())
        else:
            # Socket连接没有建立，提示用户
            self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '您还未与客户端建立连接， 客户端无法收到您的消息\n')
        # 清空用户在Text中输入的消息
        self.inputText.delete(0.0, message.__len__()-1.0)
        
    # 关闭消息窗口并退出
    def close(self):
        sys.exit()
        
    # 启动线程接受客户端的消息
    def startNewThread(self):
        # 启动一个新线程来接受客户端的消息
        # args是传递给线程函数的参数，receiveMessage函数不需要参数，只传一个空元组
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.receiveMessage, args = ())
        thread.setDaemon(True)
        thread.start()

def main1():
    server = ServerUI()
    server.startNewThread()
    server.root.mainloop()
    
            


# In[3]:


main1()

2、在线聊天程序的客户端

# python 在线聊天客户端


class ClientUI():
    local = '127.0.0.1'
    port = 5505
    global clientSock
    flag = False
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.root = tkinter.Tk()
        self.root.title('Python在线聊天-客户端V1.0')
        
        # 窗口面板，用4个frame面板布局
        self.frame = [tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame(), tkinter.Frame()]
        
        # 显示消息Text，并绑定上面的滚动条
        self.chatTextScollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(self.frame[0])
        self.chatTextScollBar.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill = tkinter.Y)
        
        # 显示消息Text，并绑定上面的滚动条
        ft = tkFont.Font(family='Fixdsys', size=11)
        
        self.chatText = tkinter.Listbox(self.frame[0], width = 70, height = 18, font = ft)
        self.chatText['yscrollcommand'] = self.chatTextScollBar.set
        self.chatText.pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        self.chatTextScollBar['command'] = self.chatText.yview()
        self.frame[0].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # 标签，分开消息显示Text和消息输入Text
        label = tkinter.Label(self.frame[1], height = 2)
        label.pack(fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        self.frame[1].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # 输入消息Text的滚动条
        self.inputTextScrollBar = tkinter.Scrollbar(self.frame[2])
        self.inputTextScrollBar.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill = tkinter.Y)
        
        # 输入消息Text，并与滚动条绑定
        ft = tkFont.Font(family = 'Fixdsys', size = 11)
        self.inputText = tkinter.Text(self.frame[2], width = 70, height = 8, font = ft)
        
        # 输入消息Text，并与滚动条绑定
        ft = tkFont.Font(family = 'Fixdsys', size = 11)
        self.inputText = tkinter.Text(self.frame[2], width = 70, height = 8, font = ft)
        self.inputText['yscrollcommand'] = self.inputTextScrollBar.set
        self.inputText.pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        self.inputTextScrollBar['command'] = self.chatText.yview()
        self.frame[2].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
        # “发送” 按钮
        self.sendButton = tkinter.Button(self.frame[3], text = '发送', width = 10, command = self.sendMessage)
        self.sendButton.pack(expand=1, side = tkinter.BOTTOM and tkinter.RIGHT, padx = 25, pady = 5)
        
        # “关闭”按钮
        self.closeButton = tkinter.Button(self.frame[3], text = '关闭', width = 10, command = self.close)
        self.closeButton.pack(expand=1, side=tkinter.RIGHT, padx = 25, pady = 5)
        self.frame[3].pack(expand = 1, fill = tkinter.BOTH)
        
    # 接收消息
    def receiveMessage(self):
        try:
            # 建立Socket连接
            self.clientSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            self.clientSock.connect((self.local, self.port))
            self.flag = True
        except:
            self.flag =False
            self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '您还未与服务器端建立连接，请检查服务器是否启动')
            return
        self.buffer = 1024
        self.clientSock.send('Y'.encode()) # 向服务器发送字符Y，表示客户端要连接服务器
        

        while True:
            try:
                if self.flag == True:
                    # 连接建立，接收服务器端消息
                    self.serverMsg = self.clientSock.recv(self.buffer).decode('utf-8')
                    if self.serverMsg == 'Y':
                        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '客户端已经与服务器端建立连接......')

                    elif self.serverMsg == 'N':
                        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '客户端与服务器端建立连接失败......')

                    elif not self.serverMsg:
                        continue
                    else:
                        theTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
                        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '服务器端' + theTime + ' 说：\n')
                        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, ' ' + self.serverMsg)
                else:
                    break
            except EOFError as msg:
                raise msg
                self.clientSock.close()
                break


    # 发送消息
    def sendMessage(self):
        # 得到用户在Text中输入的消息
        message = self.inputText.get('1.0', tkinter.END)
        
        # 格式化当前的时间
        theTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '客户端器 ' + theTime + '说：\n')
        self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, ' ' + message + '\n')
        if self.flag == True:
            # 将消息发送到客户端
            self.clientSock.send(message.encode())
        else:
            # Socket连接没有建立，提示用户
            self.chatText.insert(tkinter.END, '您还未与服务器端建立连接， 服务器端无法收到您的消息\n')
        # 清空用户在Text中输入的消息
        self.inputText.delete(0.0, message.__len__()-1.0)
        
    # 关闭消息窗口并退出
    def close(self):
        sys.exit()
        
    # 启动线程接受客户端的消息
    def startNewThread(self):
        # 启动一个新线程来接收服务器端的消息
        # args是传递给线程函数的参数，receiveMessage函数不需要参数，只传一个空元组
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.receiveMessage, args = ())
        thread.setDaemon(True)
        thread.start()

def main2():
    client = ClientUI()
    client.startNewThread()
    client.root.mainloop()