Dubbo開發環境及簡單Dubbo程序
軟件架構經歷:
開發dubbo程序
1.準備環境
1、在LINUX安裝JDK
2、安裝zookeeper
1)下載zookeeper,傳到Linux,並且解壓
2) 重命名zookeeper的配置文件:zoo_sample.cfg改名爲zoo.cfg
3) 在zoo.cfg中:可以發現 zookeeper的端口號是 clientPort=2181
4)在zookeeper文件夾下新建data文件夾,將zoo.cfg中的dataDir=
xxxx更改爲dataDir=/apps/zookeeper-3.4.14/data
3、啓動zookeeper
注意不要在bin目錄中啓動,而是要退到bin目錄的上級目錄去啓動
啓動:
停止:
查看狀態:
2.寫代碼
舉例:student-server與student-client
首先建立一個maven項目,然後再在webapp下建立WEB-INF 然後建立web.xml
student-server
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>student-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<!-- 統一版本號 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>4.3.17.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo組件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper客戶端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.21.0-GA</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 給maven項目 內置一個tomcat,之後 可以直接運行 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<port>8881</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
注意:爲了模擬在不同電腦上所以服務端和客戶端的端口號不能相同。
web.xml:
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<!-- 指定spring配置文件的位置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置spring-web.jar提供的監聽器,此監聽器 可以在服務器啓動時 初始化Ioc容器。
初始化Ioc容器(applicationContext.xml) ,
1.告訴監聽器 此容器的位置:context-param
2.默認約定的位置 :WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml
-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 配置dubbo的應用名稱 -->
<dubbo:application name="students-server" />
<!-- 配置註冊中心地址 -->
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="zookeeper://192.168.80.27:2181" />
<!-- 配置dubbo掃描包 :將@Service所在包 放入 dubbo掃描中,供後續 dubbo在rpc時使用-->
<dubbo:annotation package="org.student.server.impl" />
<!-- 將@Service所在包 放入springIOC容器中,供後續 依賴注入時使用 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.student.server.impl"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
注意:@Service所在的包要放兩次,一次放入IOC容器,一次放入dubbo掃描
studentServer:
package org.student.server;
public interface studentServer {
public String server(String name);
}
studentServerImpl:
package org.student.server.impl;
import org.student.server.studentServer;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
@Service//是Alibaba的@service
public class studentServerImpl implements studentServer{
public String server(String name) {
return "server進行了對應工作:"+name;
}
}
注意:@Service是Alibaba的@service不要導錯包
student-client
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>student-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<!-- 統一版本號 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>4.3.17.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo組件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper客戶端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.21.0-GA</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 給maven項目 內置一個tomcat,之後 可以直接運行 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<port>8882</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
與服務端的web.xml相同,唯一不同的就是端口號。
web.xml:
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<!-- 解決post亂碼 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingfilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>foreEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingfilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> <!-- 只把請求爲.action結尾 的交給springMVC處理-->
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
注意:訪問時要加上 .atction 纔會被springMVC接管
springmvc.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 此配置的目的:將Controller中的內容 直接打印到 瀏覽器中 -->
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 配置dubbo的應用名稱 -->
<dubbo:application name="students-consumer"/>
<!-- 配置註冊中心地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.80.27:2181" />
<!-- 配置dubbo掃描包 -->
<dubbo:annotation package="org.controller"/>
<!-- 將控制器@Controller所在包 加入IOC容器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.controller"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
將Controller中的內容 直接打印到 瀏覽器中
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 此配置的目的:將Controller中的內容 直接打印到 瀏覽器中 -->
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
studentServer:
就是服務端的studentServer接口,複製了一份而已
StudentController:
package org.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.student.server.studentServer;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/controller")
public class StudentController {
@Reference//遠程注入
private studentServer server;
@RequestMapping("/test")
public String rpcServer() {
String result = server.server("zhangsan");
return result;
}
}
注意:@Reference (遠程注入)
這裏不再使用@Autowire:(是從本項目中自動注入)
然後在Linux中啓動zookeeper。
再由客戶端進行訪問:http://localhost:8882/controller/test.action