Centos7 配置Python3.7環境

一、安裝

1.安裝依賴

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make

2.下載及解壓

mkdir /usr/local/python37
cd /usr/local/python37
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz
tar xvf Python-3.7.0.tgz

3.安裝

cd Python-3.7.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python37         # 關聯目錄
make && make install                            # 編譯安裝
# 如果最後一行是error請看文章末尾排錯

4.修改yum配置文件

作用：yum命令使用的是python2，防止安裝衝突導致yum無法使用
vi /usr/bin/yum
>>> #!/usr/bin/python => /usr/bin/python2
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
>>> #!/usr/bin/python => /usr/bin/python2

5.創建軟連接

rm /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python37/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
rm /usr/bin/pip3
ln -s /usr/local/python37/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

6.測試

python3 --version
python2 --version

7. 將python/bin添加到環境變量

vim ~/.bash_profile

# 在PATH末尾添加
:/usr/local/python3/bin

source ~/.bash_profile          # 重啓source

8. 更換pip源

vim ~/.pip/pip.conf (沒有就創建一個)， 內容如下：

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

---

二、坑

1.No module named ‘_ctypes’

解決：安裝一個新包libffi-devel後再次執行安裝

yum -y install libffi-devel
make install

2.No module named ‘_sqlite3’

解決：下載最新的sqlite包

wget https://www.sqlite.org/2018/sqlite-autoconf-3250200.tar.gz
tar zxvf
cd 
./configure