oracle rac从10.2.0.4升级迁移到11.2.0.4

老库10.2.0.4 rac

新库11.2.0.4单机，准备搭建standalone

只要10g版本大于10.2.0.2就可以升级到11g 

搭建Oracle 11g standalone，同时放10g的数据库软件和11g的数据库软件

迁移过程：

10g（主）--10g（备）的dg--》swith（10g备库成主库）--》10g新主库update--》11g新主库

安装环境准备​​​​​​

1.1修改hosts文件和主机名

以root用户编辑目标端的/etc/hosts文件：

[root@lzldb ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.0.100 lzldb

[root@lzldb ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

[root@lzldb ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network

# Created by anaconda

HOSTNAME=lzldb

NOZEROCONF=yes

1.2创建用户与组

创建组oinstall和dba，创建用户oracle

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba oracle  -m -s /bin/bash

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba grid  -m -s /bin/bash

echo "123456"|passwd oracle --stdin

echo "123456"|passwd grid --stdin

1.3创建安装需要的目录

以root用户，执行以下命令创建目录：

mkdir -p /oracle

mkdir -p /oracle/app/grid

mkdir -p /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1   

以root用户，执行以下命令更改权限

chown -R grid:oinstall   /oracle

chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle

 

1.4创建profile

需要准备10g的profile和11g的profile
grid用户profile

echo "export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:\$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:/lib/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

export NLS_OS_CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

set -o vi

stty erase ^h

stty erase ^?

umask 022">>/home/grid/.bash_profile

cat /home/grid/.bash_profile

oracle用户10g profile

echo "export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle10g/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=lzldb

export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:\$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:/lib/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

export NLS_OS_CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

set -o vi

stty erase ^h

stty erase ^?

umask 022">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile

cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile

oracle用户11g profile

echo "export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=lzldb

export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:\$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:/lib/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

export NLS_OS_CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

set -o vi

stty erase ^h

stty erase ^?

umask 022">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile

cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile

1.5ntp同步

ntp略

1.6配置内核参数

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.sem = 10000  10240000 10000 1024

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

kernel.shmmax = 34359738368

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 16777216

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_default = 16777216

fs.aio-max-nr = 6194304

vm.dirty_ratio=20

vm.dirty_background_ratio=3

vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=100

vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=500

vm.swappiness=10

vm.min_free_kbytes=524288

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000

net.core.netdev_budget = 600

vm.nr_hugepages =8200

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2

生效

sysctl -p

 

1.7关闭透明大页

vi /etc/rc.local

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then

   echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

fi

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then

   echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

fi

1.8 selinux

cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`&& sed -i 's/SELINUX\=enforcing/SELINUX\=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

1.9yum源配置

挂载iso镜像文件

mkdir /cdrom

 mount -o loop /tools/rhel-server-7.6-x86_64-dvd.iso /cdrom

配置yum源

[root@YYServer Packages]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/iso.repo

[redhat]

name=redhat7

baseurl=file:///cdrom

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

1.10安装rpm包

yum install -y \

binutils \

compat-libcap1 \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

gcc \

gcc-c++  \

glibc \

glibc \

glibc-devel \

glibc-devel \

ksh \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++-devel \

libstdc++-devel \

libaio \

libaio \

libaio-devel \

libaio-devel \

make \

sysstat \

unzip \

1.11关闭不必要的服务

systemctl stop    tuned.service ktune.service   firewalld.service postfix.service  avahi-daemon.socket avahi-daemon.service atd.service bluetooth.service wpa_supplicant.service accounts-daemon.service atd.service cups.service  postfix.service ModemManager.service debug-shell.service rtkit-daemon.service rpcbind.service rngd.service upower.service rhsmcertd.service rtkit-daemon.service ModemManager.service mcelog.service colord.service gdm.service libstoragemgmt.service ksmtuned.service brltty.service

systemctl disable tuned.service ktune.service   firewalld.service postfix.service  avahi-daemon.socket avahi-daemon.service atd.service bluetooth.service wpa_supplicant.service accounts-daemon.service atd.service cups.service  postfix.service ModemManager.service debug-shell.service rtkit-daemon.service rpcbind.service rngd.service upower.service rhsmcertd.service rtkit-daemon.service ModemManager.service mcelog.service colord.service gdm.service libstoragemgmt.service ksmtuned.service brltty.service

1.12 limit限制

echo "

oracle  soft   nproc   655350

oracle  hard   nproc   655350

oracle  soft   nofile  655360

oracle  hard   nofile  655360

grid    soft   nproc   655350

grid    hard   nproc   655350

grid    soft   nofile  655360

grid    hard   nofile  655360

oracle  soft   stack  102400

oracle  hard   stack  327680

grid    soft   stack  102400

grid    hard   stack  327680

oracle soft memlock -1

oracle hard memlock -1

grid   soft memlock -1

grid   hard memlock -1

root   soft memlock -1

root   hard memlock -1" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

配置profile

cp /etc/profile /etc/profile_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`

echo "

if [ \$USER = \"oracle\" ] || [ \$USER = \"grid\" ] || [ \$USER = \"root\" ]; then

        if [ \$SHELL = \"/bin/ksh\" ]; then

              ulimit -p 655350

              ulimit -n 655350

        else

              ulimit -u 655350 -n 655350

        fi

fi">>/etc/profile

1.13配置udev

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode", RESULT=="36000c2955e3129fd63c49734d32046ff", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata01 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata01; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata01'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29652e3c5634168336bb94bd44e", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata02 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata02; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata02'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c2955f89f5d7a533199275dce385", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata03 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata03; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata03'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29c21a0876bf738512713b23ce2", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata04 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata04; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata04'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode", RESULT=="36000c2903beeca1fe91ed9f174eae459", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata05 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata05; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata05'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode", RESULT=="36000c296f5677945354c271315df2c8f", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdata06 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdata06; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdata06'"

使udev生效

/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

/sbin/udevadm control --reload

ls -lrt /dev/asm*

1.14 配置ohasd服务

11g GI在Redhat7上安装时存在ohasd启动问题，需要提前配置ohas服务

echo "[Unit]

     Description=OracleHigh Availability Services

     After=syslog.target

[Service]

     ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple

     Restart=always

[Install]

    WantedBy=multi-user.target">/etc/systemd/system/ohasd.service

启动ohasd服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable ohasd.service

systemctl start ohasd.service

standalone安装

1.15GI软件安装

以静默方式安装GI软件

./runInstaller -responseFile /software/grid/response/grid_install.rsp -silent -ignorePrereq -showProgress

其中response文件配置如下：

[root@YYServer app]# grep -v ^# /software/grid/response/grid_install.rsp|grep -v grep

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=YYServer

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/oracle/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG

ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/grid

ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=oinstall

oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=oinstall

oracle.install.asm.OSASM=oinstall

oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=

oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=

oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=Clusteralone1

oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false

oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain=

oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress=

oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=

oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=

oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=

oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=ASM_STORAGE

oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping=

oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations=

oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL

oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations=

oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMAL

oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false

oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername=

oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword=

oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=123456

oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=data

oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=EXTERNAL

oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4

oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/asmdata01,/dev/asmdata02,/dev/asmdata03

oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/asm*

oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=123456

oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusterNodes=

oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

1.16 创建ASM

创建ASM

asmca -silent -configureASM -sysAsmPassword sysPassw0rd -asmsnmpPassword asmsnmpPassw0rd -diskString '/dev/asm*' -diskGroupName DATA -disk '/dev/asm*' -redundancy EXTERNAL

1.17ARCH磁盘组

 

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm-permissions.rules 

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29e5a60f5a95f9d86e76eee4636", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmarch01 b $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmarch01; chmod 0660 /dev/asmarch01'"

/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

ls -lrt /dev/asm*

create diskgroup ARCH external redundancy disk '/dev/asmarch01';

1.18创建listener

netca -silent -responsefile /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

1.19Oracle DB软件安装

./runInstaller -responseFile /software/database/response/db_install.rsp -silent -ignorePrereq -showProgress

Response文件配置如下

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=YYServer

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/oracle/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=true

oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=YYServer

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=123456

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=ASM_STORAGE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=DATA

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

1.20升级PSU补丁

替换oracle和grid的OPatch

[grid@YYServer ~]$ opatch version

OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.19

OPatch succeeded.

[oracle@YYServer 28813878]$ opatch version

OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.19

OPatch succeeded.

Grid用户执行生产ocm.rsp:

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp -no_banner -output /tmp/ocm.rsp  

Root用户执行opatch auto:

/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto  /software/28813878 -ocmrf /tmp/ocm.rsp

 auto打gi成功，oracle失败用root用户单独执行oracle的补丁:

 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch auto  /software/28813878 -ocmrf /tmp/ocm.rsp -oh /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

查看oracle和grid下补丁信息

[grid@YYServer ~]$ opatch lsinv

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19

Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

Central Inventory : /oracle/app/oraInventory

  from           : /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc

OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.19

OUI version       : 11.2.0.4.0

Log file location : /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-05-21_16-00-40PM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2020-05-21_16-00-40PM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Machine Information::

Hostname: YYServer

ARU platform id: 226

ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1): 

Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g                                      11.2.0.4.0

There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (1) :

Patch  28729234    : applied on Thu May 21 15:50:56 CST 2020

Unique Patch ID:  22546711

Patch description:  "OCW Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.190115 (28729234)"

  Created on 8 Nov 2018, 23:01:45 hrs PST8PDT

  Bugs fixed:

     18328800, 19270660, 18691572, 18508710, 20038451, 21251192, 22162062

     20365005, 21232394, 17336871, 17387214, 17750548, 17617807, 14497275

     20219458, 17733927, 18180541, 23757020, 18962892, 17292250, 17378618

     16759171, 20110156, 17843489, 17065496, 13991403, 21694632, 17273020

     22762046, 17336884, 17155238, 17336889, 18261183, 18053580, 20012766

     21245437, 20218012, 17013634, 17886392, 20995001, 24422155, 17039197

     16317771, 17947785, 10052729, 20340620, 22353346, 16237657, 20317221

     18199185, 15917869, 18399991, 20186278, 18024089, 17374271, 16849642

     20246071, 20746251, 14270845, 23621494, 20552947, 18414137, 18882642

     17001914, 17927970, 14378120, 16346413, 15986647, 17336898, 18068871

     21222147, 16206997, 18143836, 21982225, 25490238, 19168690, 18343490

     20235511, 21875360, 16613232, 19276791, 17722664, 20440643, 12928658

     18226143, 18520351, 16249829, 18952577, 17172091, 18229842, 16076412

     18265482, 20676340, 17818075, 20091753, 18231837, 14373486, 17483479

     20136892, 20551654, 18120545, 18729166, 13843841, 17405302, 21225209

     18709496, 18330979, 18744838, 14525998, 18187697, 17087371, 20531190

     20598625, 14385860, 18348155, 19479503, 12928592, 17516024, 18370031

     17764053, 19272663, 17551223, 14671408, 18272135, 14207615, 21255373

     17500165, 18875012, 14769643, 25656952, 19558324, 18464784, 18848125

     19241857, 17955615, 14851828, 14693336, 20315294, 16284825, 17352230

     20014326, 17238586, 17089344, 17405605, 17531342, 21327402, 26546632

     19398098, 17159489, 17640316, 13823394, 16543190, 22024217, 17983675

     20795241, 17481314, 18346135, 17598201, 16281493, 15986311, 17208793

     19601468, 18999857, 18700935, 14076173, 18428146, 16709532, 17435488

     18352845, 18352846, 20408163, 17592037, 19616601, 17387779, 17391726

     14777968, 15851860, 16206882, 20141091, 15832129, 17305100, 20175174

     21113068, 19885321, 16901346, 17985714, 25591658, 18536826, 17780903

     18752378, 18946768, 16876500, 16875342, 17769597, 19955755, 16429265

     18336452, 17273003, 17209968, 25484507, 16988311, 19319357, 20094984

     17046460, 17059927, 18053631, 16867761, 18774591, 21442094, 20235486

     19359787, 15869775, 17447588, 19642566, 21152052, 16798862, 15920201

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

 

二、搭建Oracle 10g单节点数据库

2.1安装10g数据库软件

下载patchset，图形界面安装

2.2 升级PSU补丁

三、搭建10g Data Guard

3.1修改主库参数和forcelogging

在1节点，oracle用户登陆数据库，执行如下命令：

alter database force logging;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(lzldb,lzldb_new)' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lzldb' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=epmsc_new LGWR ASYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lzldb_new' scope=both sid='*';;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE scope=both sid='*';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4 scope=both sid='*';

alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both sid='*';

3.2准备参数文件

10g参数文件
cat /home/oracle/pfile_10g.ora

aq_tm_processes=0

audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/adump'

background_dump_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/bdump'

cluster_database=false

compatible='10.2.0.4.0'

control_files='+DATA/lzldb_new/control01.ora', '+ARCH/lzldb_new/control02.ora'

core_dump_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/cdump'

db_block_size=8192

pga_aggregate_target=5G

sga_target=20G

sga_max_size=20G

db_domain=''

db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

db_files=4000

db_name='lzldb'

disk_asynch_io=TRUE

dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lzldbXDB)'

job_queue_processes=0

log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

processes=2000

remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

resource_limit=TRUE

session_cached_cursors=20

sessions=2205

undo_management='AUTO'

undo_retention=900

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

db_create_file_dest='+DATA'

user_dump_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/udump'

db_file_name_convert='+DATA/lzldb/datafile','+DATA/lzldb_new/datafile','+FRA/lzldb/datafile','+DATA/lisle_new/datafile'

log_file_name_convert='+DATA/lzldb/onlinelog','+DATA/lzldb_new/onlinelog','+FRA/lzldb/onlinelog','+ARCH/lzldb_new/onlinelog'

db_unique_name='lzldb_new'

fal_server='lzldb_new'

fal_client='lzldb'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(lzldb,lzldb_new)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+ARCH VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lzldb_new'

准备11g参数文件
cat /home/oracle/pfile_11g.ora

aq_tm_processes=0

audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/adump'

cluster_database=false

compatible='11.2.0.4.0'

control_files='+DATA/lzldb_new/control01.ora', '+ARCH/lzldb_new/control02.ora'

core_dump_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lzldb/cdump'

db_block_size=8192

pga_aggregate_target=5G

sga_target=20G

sga_max_size=20G

db_domain=''

db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

db_files=4000

db_name='lzldb'

disk_asynch_io=TRUE

dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=lzldbXDB)'

job_queue_processes=0

log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

processes=2000

remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

resource_limit=TRUE

session_cached_cursors=20

sessions=2205

undo_management='AUTO'

undo_retention=900

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

db_create_file_dest='+DATA'

db_unique_name='lzldb_new'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(lzldb,lzldb_new)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+ARCH VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lzldb_new'

 

3.3备库环境创建密码文件

从主库拷贝密码文件到备库

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwlzldb1 192.168.0.100:/oracle10g/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwlzldb

 

3.4 在备库创建静态监听

LISTENER_1522 =

 (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

   (DESCRIPTION =

     (ADDRESS_LIST =

       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.100)(PORT = 1522))

      )

    )

  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER_1522 =

  (SID_LIST =          

    (SID_DESC =

     (GLOBAL_DBNAME = lzldb_new)

     (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1)

      (SID_NAME = lzldb)

    )

  )

3.5 tns

主库上创建tns

lzldb_new =

  (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.100 )(PORT = 1522))

    )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVICE_NAME = lzldb_new)

    )

)

 

3.6 nfs

从nfs上覆制数据到备库
检查主库归档日志
检查归档日志保留情况，查看归档日志删除脚本。

lzldb老库备份任务已失效，但是仍然每天在运行，可用注释备份任务。由于每天归档量不多，但是频繁在执行删除归档脚本，需要注释删除归档脚本保障归档的连续性。

[oracle@lzldbold autorman]$ crontab -l

#*/4 * * * * sh /home/oracle/enmo/delete_arch.sh > /home/oracle/enmo/delete.log 2>&1

挂载nfs
数据库datafile大小为3.7T，申请4T的盘做nfs，用于全库备份恢复

4T的盘时候用parted进行分区并挂载到/backup

parted /dev/sdi

print

mklabel gpt

mkpart primary 0 -1 

mkfs.xfs /dev/sdi1

mount /dev/sdi1 /backup

nfs配置

[root@lzldb ~]# cat /etc/exports

/backup *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

备库安装nfs服务

[root@lzldb cdrom]# yum install nfs-utils -y

[root@lzldb cdrom]# systemctl start nfs-server

[root@lzldb cdrom]# exportfs -rv

exporting *:/backup

主库查看nfs映射

[root@lzldb ~]# showmount -e 192.168.0.100

Export list for 192.168.0.100:

/backup *

主库挂载

mkdir /backup

mount -t nfs -o rw,bg,noac,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,nolock,proto=tcp,actimeo=0,vers=3,timeo=600  192.168.0.100:/backup /backup

 

3.7主库备份数据库

修改/backup权限

Chown oracle:oinstall /backup -R

Rman全库备份

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman @backup0.sql log=backup0.log

Backup0.sql如下

connect target /

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED;

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE;

sql "alter system archive log current";

run{

allocate channel t1 type disk;

allocate channel t2 type disk;

allocate channel t3 type disk;

allocate channel t4 type disk;

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt expired archivelog all;

crosscheck backupset;

delete noprompt expired backup;

backup format '/backup/lzldb_full_%s_%p_%t' database plus archivelog delete input;

backup format '/backup/cntrl_%s_%p_%t' current controlfile;

report obsolete;

delete noprompt obsolete;

release channel t1;

release channel t2;

release channel t3;

release channel t4;

}

exit

3.8 controlfile

主库创建standby control file
在主库执行

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/backup/controlfile';

备库恢复控制文件并mount
Restore standby control file from ‘/backup/controlfile’;

Alter database mount;

3.9备库恢复数据库

恢复数据文件

run{

     Allocate channel c1 type disk;

        Allocate channel c2 type disk;

        Allocate channel c3 type disk;

        Allocate channel c4 type disk;

        Allocate channel c5 type disk;

        Allocate channel c6 type disk;

        Allocate channel c7 type disk;

        Allocate channel c8 type disk;

restore database;

     Release channel c1;

        Release channel c2;

        Release channel c3;

        Release channel c4;

        Release channel c5;

        Release channel c6;

        Release channel c7;

        Release channel c8;

}

3.10启动到mount

 

restore standby controlfile from '/backup/controlfile';

alter database mount;

3.11 recover

recover database;

3.12备库创建standby logfile

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 10 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 15 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 16 '+data' size 500m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 17 '+data' size 500m;

3.13实时同步

SQL> recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;

当备库应用日志应用跟主库一致时，此时可以在备库的Alert中可以发现如下的日志：

Archived Log entry 172 added for thread 1 sequence 120443 rlc 905861515 ID 0xb7d9620b dest 2:

Sat Feb 03 10:00:18 2018

Media Recovery Log +ARCH/crmzcdbdg/archivelog/2018_02_03/thread_1_seq_120443.425.967110319

Media Recovery Log +ARCH/crmzcdbdg/archivelog/2018_02_03/thread_2_seq_120050.427.967110321

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 2 sequence 120051 (in transit)

可以将数据库启动Adg模式，执行下面命令：
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"<<EOF
recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database open;
recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
exit;
EOF
 

 

四、主备切换

停止数据库job
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0 scope=both sid='*';

关闭原库监听
srvctl stop listener

ps -ef|grep tns

检查主库数据文件状态
SQL> select name,status from v$datafile where status not in ('SYSTEM','ONLINE');

检查当前系统数据库组件信息
SQL> select comp_name,VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;

禁止操作系统自动作业计划
清空回收站
SQL> purge dba_recyclebin

处理分布式事务
SQL> select * from dba_2pc_pending; 

如果有返回行，执行以下sql

SQL> select ' exec DBMS_TRANSACTION.PURGE_LOST_DB_ENTRY('||chr(39)||LOCAL_TRAN_ID||chr(39)||');'||chr(10)||'commit;' from dba_2pc_pending;

删除pump失败后的表
SQL> select 'drop table '||owner_name||'.'||job_name||';' from dba_datapump_jobs where owner_name in ('SYS','SYSTEM) and  state in ('NOT RUNNING')

编译无效对象
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where status in ('INVALID');

停止原主库
SQL> srvctl stop database -d lzldb

强制切换备库为主库
检查同步情况
SQL> select inst_id,name,value,time_computed,DATUM_TIME,sysdate from gv$dataguard_stats order by inst_id;

关闭DG监听
lsnrctl stop listener1522

强制切换备库为主库
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database finish;

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount;

检查新库状态
SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

数据检查
启动原库到open read only
SQL> startup mount;

SQL> alter database open read only;

启动新库到open
SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_10g.ora'

 五、升级数据库

重建temp文件
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30720m;

SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30720m;

SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30720m;

SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30720m;

SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30720m;

SQL> alter tablespace TEMP drop tempfile '+DATA/lzldb/tempfile/temp3.ora';

SQL> alter tablespace TEMP drop tempfile '+DATA/lzldb/tempfile/temp4.ora';

SQL> alter tablespace TEMP drop tempfile '+DATA/lzldb/tempfile/temp263.819995001';

SQL> alter tablespace TEMP drop tempfile '+DATA/lzldb/tempfile/temp.3231.957638307';

删除standby redo log
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 10;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 11;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 12;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 13;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 14;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 15;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 16;

SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 17;

执行预升级检查脚本
SQL> @/home/oracle/enmo/utlu112i.sql

检查数据的完整性
SQL> @/home/oracle/enmo/dbupgdiag.sql

检查是否存在介质恢复
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$recover_file;

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$backup WHERE status != 'NOT ACTIVE';

处理分布式事务
SQL> select * from dba_2pc_pending; 

如果有返回行，执行以下sql

SQL> select ' exec DBMS_TRANSACTION.PURGE_LOST_DB_ENTRY('||chr(39)||LOCAL_TRAN_ID||chr(39)||');'||chr(10)||'commit;' from dba_2pc_pending;

检查SYS和SYSTEM用户的默认表空间
SQL> SELECT username, default_tablespace FROM dba_users WHERE username in ('SYS','SYSTEM');

检查METHOD_OPT
SQL> select DBMS_STATS.GET_PARAM('METHOD_OPT') from dual; 

DBMS_STATS.GET_PARAM('METHOD_OPT')

-------------------------------------------------------------

FOR COLUMNS ID SIZE 1 

如果返回结果如上，执行如下

SQL> sqlexec DBMS_STATS.SET_PARAM('METHOD_OPT','FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE AUTO');

修改系统为11g环境
SQL> shutdown immediate;

Vi .bash_profile

. ~/.bash_profile_10g -->~/.bash_profile_11g

cp /etc/oratab.bak /etc/oratab

cp /etc/oraInst.loc.bak /etc/oraInst.loc

启动数据库到11g环境
SQL> startup upgrade pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_11g.ora’

执行升级脚本
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql

汇总升级总结
SQL> startup pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_11g.txt'

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu112s.sql

升级剩余项
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catuppst.sql

编译无效对象
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

更新oracle text
检查$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/admin/ctxf102.txt是否存在；

SQL> @?/rdbms/ctx/admin/ctxf102.sql

六、后续工作

创建spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile_11g.ora'

重启数据库进行测试
Shutdown immediate

Startup 

如果备库是rac还有把数据库添加到集群中管理的操作

有些项目可能需要更换ip，升级完成后可用直接在/etc/hosts中更改