Android動態獲取權限許可詳解

Android 6.0以後，有些權限屬於 Protected Permission ，
這類權限只在 AndroidManifest.xml 中聲明是無法真正獲取到的，還需要在代碼中動態獲取使權限許可，即彈出提示對話框，用戶點擊“允許”後，方可真正獲得此權限。

1.檢測APP是否有該項權限

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(android.content.Context context, String permission)

返回值，有該權限返回PERMISSION_GRANTED，沒權限返回PERMISSION_DENIED

2.請求權限

ActivityCombat.requestPermissions(android.app.Activity activity, String[] permissions, int requestCode)

//版本判斷
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
    //檢查是否擁有權限
    int checkPermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
    if (checkPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        //彈出對話框請求權限
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{permission}, id);
        return;
    }
}

//例子請求短信權限
 if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
     if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
         ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS}, 1);
     }
}

3.授權回調

onRequestPermissonsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults)

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1: {
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    System.out.println("hello world");
                } else {
                    System.out.println("no");
                }
            }
        }

    }

4.Easypermissions

Easypermission庫是一個簡化基本的系統權限邏輯的庫，可用於在Android 6.0或者更高版本上，是谷歌官方的權限簡化解決方案。

• 檢查權限

public static boolean hasPermissions(android.app.Activity activity, String[] permissions);

• 請求權限

public static void requestPermissions(android.app.Activity activity, String tip,int requestCode, String[] permissions);

• 例子

String PERMISSION_STORAGE_MSG = "請授予權限，否則影響部分使用功能";
int REQUEST_CODE_CONTACT = 101;
String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS};
if (!EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {
    EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSION_STORAGE_MSG , REQUEST_CODE_CONTACT, perms);
}

• 授權回調

public static void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,String[] permissions,int[] grantResults,Object receivers)；

• 實現EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks接口，重寫兩個方法

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks {
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    
    /**
     * 申請成功時調用
     * @param requestCode 請求權限的唯一標識碼
     * @param perms 一系列權限
     */
    @Override
    public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode,List<String> perms) {

    }

    /**
     * 申請拒絕時調用
     * @param requestCode 請求權限的唯一標識碼
     * @param perms 一系列權限
     */
    @Override
    public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode,List<String> perms) {

    }