selenium 入門編程

網頁操作

打開一個網頁

driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

定位頁面元素

<input type="text" name="pwd" id="pwd_id" />

element = driver.find_element_by_id("pwd_id")
element = driver.find_element_by_name("pwd")
element = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id='pwd_id']")

# 如果元素未找到, 拋出 NoSuchElementException 異常.

操作文本框

# 輸入文字
element.send_keys("python lib")
# 輸入文字和一個方向鍵
element.send_keys("c++ template", Keys.ARROW_DOWN)
# 清空文本框
element.clear()

操作常見標籤

# 操作 select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
select = Select(driver.find_element_by_name('name'))
select.select_by_index(index)
select.select_by_visible_text("text")
select.select_by_value(value)

# 取消選擇
select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('id'))
select.deselect_all()

# 列出所有被選擇的選項
select = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("xpath"))
all_selected_options = select.all_selected_options

# 獲取所有選項
options = select.options

# 點擊from表單的submit按鈕
driver.find_element_by_id("submit").click()

動作鏈

from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
element = driver.find_element_by_name("source")	# 原始標籤
target = driver.find_element_by_name("target")	# 目標位置
action_chains = ActionChains(driver)	# 創建動作鏈對象
action_chains.drag_and_drop(element, target).perform()	# 執行拖拽動作

操作窗口

# 查看所有已經打開的窗口
for handle in driver.window_handles:
    driver.switch_to_window(handle)

driver.switch_to_window("windowName")	# 切換到 windowName 窗口

操作 frame

driver.switch_to_frame("frameName")	# 切換到 frameName 
driver.switch_to_frame("frameName.0.child") # 切換到子 frame

操作對話框

alert = driver.switch_to_alert()

操作網頁 前進 和 後退

driver.forward()
driver.back()